Thesis (Ph. D.)--Western Conservative Baptist Seminary, 1986. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 120-129).

A presença de acompanhante no pré-natal é uma prática adotada e estimulada em alguns serviços de saúde. Este estudo teve como objetivo compreender a experiência do parceiro, como acompanhante de sua esposa/companheira nas consultas de pré-natal em uma instituição filantrópica da cidade de São Paulo. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, cujos dados foram coletados por meio de entrevistas semi-estruturadas, organizados pelo método do discurso do sujeito coletivo e analisados pela ótica da Teoria das Representações Sociais. Foram entrevistados 15 homens de diferentes profissões, escolaridade e faixa etária entre 21 e 35 anos de idade. Os discursos foram agrupados em cinco temas: O homem e seus motivos para vir às consultas como acompanhante de sua mulher. O homem acompanhante no contexto ambulatorial. O homem acompanhante no contexto familiar. As dificuldades do homem ao acompanhar a mulher grávida nas consultas pré-natais. A experiência masculina na participação no pré-natal. Os resultados mostraram que ao acompanhar a mulher grávida nas consultas pré-natais o homem vivencia o período gestacional no contexto das relações de gênero tradicionais, embora modificadas em alguns aspectos, assim como se prepara para a paternidade. O parceiro comparece às consultas acompanhando a mulher por vontade própria, quando convidado ou ainda quando ela faz questão. Considera que sua participação irá depender do horário de funcionamento dos serviços, da permissão do local de atendimento e do consentimento da mulher. Revela as regras de gênero construídas socialmente pelo homem como provedor financeiro, quando as rotinas do casal mudam e ele precisa se preparar para a chegada do bebê e para os gastos financeiros que isso irá representar. Conclui ser possível a presença masculina nos atendimentos pré-natais, considerados ainda um universo feminino. Assim, ao inserir o homem nos cuidados e orientações pré-natais, proporcionará a presença de um ator, particularmente, interessado no processo gestacional e estimulado a cuidar da mulher e do filho. / The presence of a companion in the prenatal care is a technique adopted and stimulated in some health services. This study had as an objective to understand the partner’s experience, as a companion of his wife/partner in the prenatal appointments at a philanthropic institution in the city of São Paulo. It is a qualitative research, in which the information was collected by semi-structured interviews, organized by the method of the discourse of the collective subject and analyzed through the view of the Theory of Social Representations. 15 men of different professions, schooling and age, between 21 and 35 years old were interviewed. The discourses were grouped in five themes: The man and his reasons to go to the appointments as companion of his wife. The man as outpatient companion. The man as a companion in the familiar context. The difficulties of the man in accompanying the woman to the prenatal appointments. The masculine experience in the participation in the prenatal medical care. The results showed that by accompanying the pregnant woman in the prenatal appointments, the man experiences the pregnancy period in the context of relations of the traditional kind, although modified in some aspects, as well as prepares himself for paternity. The partner attends the appointments accompanying the woman by his own free will, when invited or when she insists. He believes his participation will depend on the time the services will be running, the permission of the place of treatment and the consent of the woman. It reveals the rules of the kind socially constructed by the man as financial provider, when the couple’s routines change and he has to prepare himself to the arrival of the baby and for the financial expenses this will represent. It concludes that the masculine presence in the prenatal care is possible, even though it is still considered a feminine universe. Therefore, by including the man in the prenatal care and guidance, the presence of an agent, particularly interested in the pregnancy process and stimulated to look after the wife and the child.

<p>Country portfolio analysis, a commonly used tool among companies when evaluating potential target markets, only focus on potential sales instead of including cost and risk into the equation. However, some researchers today have become aware of the importance of taking these costs and risks into account. One of these researchers is Pankaj Ghemawat, who has developed a framework called CAGE which is supposed to be a complementary tool to the country portfolio analysis model. In this thesis we study if Swedish MNCs consider the factors suggested in the CAGE-framework when evaluating emerging markets. Furthermore, we suggest some adjustments to the evaluation process.</p><p>Data have been collected through a web-based questionnaire. The respondents were all headquarter managers in Swedish multinational corporations (MNCs). Our results show that the two most overlooked distances of the CAGE-framework are the cultural and the geographic distances. Hence, the two most considered were the economic and administrative distances. This is in partial accordance with Ghemawat’s theory, in which he states that the cultural distance is one of the two most overlooked distances. However, he presents administrative distance as the second most overlooked distance, which means that our thesis shows a somewhat different result than Ghemawat’s findings.</p><p>A company evaluating an entry into an emerging market needs to consider the CPA-model, but this is not enough. They also need to take other factors into account. These are previous as well as future growth of the market, predicted growth for the specific product or service in the market in question, and the competitive situation in the emerging market. A consideration of these factors gives the company a complete picture of a market regarding profit potential. Thereafter, this potential needs to be adjusted for the distances in the CAGE-framework.</p>

Country portfolio analysis, a commonly used tool among companies when evaluating potential target markets, only focus on potential sales instead of including cost and risk into the equation. However, some researchers today have become aware of the importance of taking these costs and risks into account. One of these researchers is Pankaj Ghemawat, who has developed a framework called CAGE which is supposed to be a complementary tool to the country portfolio analysis model. In this thesis we study if Swedish MNCs consider the factors suggested in the CAGE-framework when evaluating emerging markets. Furthermore, we suggest some adjustments to the evaluation process. Data have been collected through a web-based questionnaire. The respondents were all headquarter managers in Swedish multinational corporations (MNCs). Our results show that the two most overlooked distances of the CAGE-framework are the cultural and the geographic distances. Hence, the two most considered were the economic and administrative distances. This is in partial accordance with Ghemawat’s theory, in which he states that the cultural distance is one of the two most overlooked distances. However, he presents administrative distance as the second most overlooked distance, which means that our thesis shows a somewhat different result than Ghemawat’s findings. A company evaluating an entry into an emerging market needs to consider the CPA-model, but this is not enough. They also need to take other factors into account. These are previous as well as future growth of the market, predicted growth for the specific product or service in the market in question, and the competitive situation in the emerging market. A consideration of these factors gives the company a complete picture of a market regarding profit potential. Thereafter, this potential needs to be adjusted for the distances in the CAGE-framework.

A presença de acompanhante no pré-natal é uma prática adotada e estimulada em alguns serviços de saúde. Este estudo teve como objetivo compreender a experiência do parceiro, como acompanhante de sua esposa/companheira nas consultas de pré-natal em uma instituição filantrópica da cidade de São Paulo. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, cujos dados foram coletados por meio de entrevistas semi-estruturadas, organizados pelo método do discurso do sujeito coletivo e analisados pela ótica da Teoria das Representações Sociais. Foram entrevistados 15 homens de diferentes profissões, escolaridade e faixa etária entre 21 e 35 anos de idade. Os discursos foram agrupados em cinco temas: O homem e seus motivos para vir às consultas como acompanhante de sua mulher. O homem acompanhante no contexto ambulatorial. O homem acompanhante no contexto familiar. As dificuldades do homem ao acompanhar a mulher grávida nas consultas pré-natais. A experiência masculina na participação no pré-natal. Os resultados mostraram que ao acompanhar a mulher grávida nas consultas pré-natais o homem vivencia o período gestacional no contexto das relações de gênero tradicionais, embora modificadas em alguns aspectos, assim como se prepara para a paternidade. O parceiro comparece às consultas acompanhando a mulher por vontade própria, quando convidado ou ainda quando ela faz questão. Considera que sua participação irá depender do horário de funcionamento dos serviços, da permissão do local de atendimento e do consentimento da mulher. Revela as regras de gênero construídas socialmente pelo homem como provedor financeiro, quando as rotinas do casal mudam e ele precisa se preparar para a chegada do bebê e para os gastos financeiros que isso irá representar. Conclui ser possível a presença masculina nos atendimentos pré-natais, considerados ainda um universo feminino. Assim, ao inserir o homem nos cuidados e orientações pré-natais, proporcionará a presença de um ator, particularmente, interessado no processo gestacional e estimulado a cuidar da mulher e do filho. / The presence of a companion in the prenatal care is a technique adopted and stimulated in some health services. This study had as an objective to understand the partner’s experience, as a companion of his wife/partner in the prenatal appointments at a philanthropic institution in the city of São Paulo. It is a qualitative research, in which the information was collected by semi-structured interviews, organized by the method of the discourse of the collective subject and analyzed through the view of the Theory of Social Representations. 15 men of different professions, schooling and age, between 21 and 35 years old were interviewed. The discourses were grouped in five themes: The man and his reasons to go to the appointments as companion of his wife. The man as outpatient companion. The man as a companion in the familiar context. The difficulties of the man in accompanying the woman to the prenatal appointments. The masculine experience in the participation in the prenatal medical care. The results showed that by accompanying the pregnant woman in the prenatal appointments, the man experiences the pregnancy period in the context of relations of the traditional kind, although modified in some aspects, as well as prepares himself for paternity. The partner attends the appointments accompanying the woman by his own free will, when invited or when she insists. He believes his participation will depend on the time the services will be running, the permission of the place of treatment and the consent of the woman. It reveals the rules of the kind socially constructed by the man as financial provider, when the couple’s routines change and he has to prepare himself to the arrival of the baby and for the financial expenses this will represent. It concludes that the masculine presence in the prenatal care is possible, even though it is still considered a feminine universe. Therefore, by including the man in the prenatal care and guidance, the presence of an agent, particularly interested in the pregnancy process and stimulated to look after the wife and the child.