<p>The general objective of the proposed research is to do a needs analysis for the tourism and hospitality industries of South Africa, Botswana, Namibia, Lesotho and Swaziland. This will be followed by an alignment of these industries with the provisions of the General Agreement of Trade in Services, commonly known as GATS, so that a Tourism and Hospitality Services Charter may be moulded that may be used uniformly throughout SACU. The specific objectives of the research are: To analyze impact assessment reports and studies conducted on the Tourism and Hospitality Industries for all five SACU member states with the aim of harmonizing standards, costs and border procedures. To ecognize SACU member states&rsquo / schedule of GATS Commitments, especially in the service sectors being investigated, by improving market access, and to recommend minimal infrastructural development levels to be attained for such sectors&rsquo / support. To make recommendations to harness the challenges faced by the said industries into a working document. To calibrate a uniformity of trade standards in these sectors that shall be used by the SACU membership. To ensure that the template is flexible enough for SACU to easily adopt and use in ongoing bilateral negotiations, for example.</p>

<p>The general objective of the proposed research is to do a needs analysis for the tourism and hospitality industries of South Africa, Botswana, Namibia, Lesotho and Swaziland. This will be followed by an alignment of these industries with the provisions of the General Agreement of Trade in Services, commonly known as GATS, so that a Tourism and Hospitality Services Charter may be moulded that may be used uniformly throughout SACU. The specific objectives of the research are: To analyze impact assessment reports and studies conducted on the Tourism and Hospitality Industries for all five SACU member states with the aim of harmonizing standards, costs and border procedures. To ecognize SACU member states&rsquo / schedule of GATS Commitments, especially in the service sectors being investigated, by improving market access, and to recommend minimal infrastructural development levels to be attained for such sectors&rsquo / support. To make recommendations to harness the challenges faced by the said industries into a working document. To calibrate a uniformity of trade standards in these sectors that shall be used by the SACU membership. To ensure that the template is flexible enough for SACU to easily adopt and use in ongoing bilateral negotiations, for example.</p>

Cerro Baul: A Wari Enclave Interacting with TiwanakuWari expansion to the extreme south of Peru is a phenomenon whose study began 20 years ago, with the discovery of a great arquitectonic complex at Cerro Baul. The excavations undertaken in the last 3 years have revealed that Cerro Baul was more than a military fortress; it was the most important political and religious center that Wari established in the only region where there is direct evidence of interaction with Tiwanaku, the altiplano state that established its colonial center in the middle Moquegua Valley. Based on the twelve radiocarbon dates from Cerro Baul, we can affirm that this interaction was maintained for over 200 years, a time that included periods of tension and others of cooperation.The current work analyzes the relations that the Wari colony on Cerro Baul maintained with its capital located in the Department of Ayacucho. Therefore, we document the characteristics of the monumental and domestic architecture and establish their relationship to forms found in Ayacucho. We also analyze the irrigation technology implemented by Wari in the zone and compare it with the agricultural techniques utilized prior to Wari expansion in Ayacucho and in Moquegua. Precedents for the irrigation technology in the Cerro Baul region are present in Ayacucho, but are not found in Moquegua. Both lines of evidence indicate that contacts between Cerro Baul and the capital were very strong, a position which is also supported by the extensive exchange of prestige goods. Apparently, the Moquegua colony articulated the Wari state's policies for interacting with the Tiwanaku neighbors. / La expansión wari hacia el extremo sur del Perú es un fenómeno cuyo estudio ha comenzado en los últimos 20 años, con el descubrimiento de un gran complejo arquitectónico en Cerro Baúl. Las excavaciones realizadas en los últimos tres años han revelado que Cerro Baúl, más que una fortaleza, fue un centro político y religioso wari muy importante, establecido como enclave en una región donde resulta evidente una directa interacción con Tiwanaku, el estado altiplánico que colonizó el valle medio del Osmore. En base a 12 fechados radiocarbónicos, se puede deducir que esta interacción se habría mantenido por un lapso aproximado de 200 años, tiempo en el cual habrían existido momentos de tensión y otros de cooperación.EI presente trabajo analiza las relaciones que tenía la colonia wari de Cerro Baúl con su capital, ubicada en el departamento de Ayacucho. Para tal fin se han documentado las características de la arquitectura -doméstica y monumental- y se han establecido sus relaciones con formas encontradas en Ayacucho y en otros centros regionales. También se ha analizado la tecnología de riego implementada por Wari en la zona y comparado con la tecnología agrícola de Ayacucho, notando claras similitudes con ésta y fuertes contrastes con la que había antes de la ocupación wari en Moquegua. Ambas líneas de evidencia indican que los contactos entre Cerro Baúl y la capital eran intensos, lo cual se observa también en el intercambio de bienes de prestigio, notándose que fue la colonia de Moquegua la que mantuvo los lineamientos de la política del Estado Wari en su interacción con Tiwanaku.

Magister Legum - LLM / The general objective of the proposed research is to do a needs analysis for the tourism and hospitality industries of South Africa, Botswana, Namibia, Lesotho and Swaziland. This will be followed by an alignment of these industries with the provisions of the General Agreement of Trade in Services, commonly known as GATS, so that a Tourism and Hospitality Services Charter may be moulded that may be used uniformly throughout SACU. The specific objectives of the research are: To analyze impact assessment reports and studies conducted on the Tourism and Hospitality Industries for all five SACU member states with the aim of harmonizing standards, costs and border procedures. To ecognize SACU member states' schedule of GATS Commitments, especially in the service sectors being investigated, by improving market access, and to recommend minimal infrastructural development levels to be attained for such sectors' support. To make recommendations to harness the challenges faced by the said industries into a working document. To calibrate a uniformity of trade standards in these sectors that shall be used by the SACU membership. To ensure that the template is flexible enough for SACU to easily adopt and use in ongoing bilateral negotiations, for example. / South Africa

Te lo cambio es una idea de negocio innovador dentro del mercado nacional (peruano), el cual consiste un aplicativo que brinde el servicio de juntar la oferta y la demanda de productos o servicios que se desean intercambiar, artículos que los usuarios consideren innecesarios o hayan tenido acumulado a lo largo de su vida y logren obtener otros que sí necesitan por medio del intercambio. Realizada la evaluación del mercado y sus preferencias, esta app busca ofrecer un servicio de calidad y seguridad además de ser el nexo de conexión entre las personas que lo usan, de esa manera el usuario tendrá la certeza con quién esté realizando la transacción y pueda estar más tranquilo, debido a que el aplicativo mostrará la información necesaria de dicho usuario. Se busca brindar contenido de valor para esta industria con información pertinente para el usuario. Cabe recalcar que mientras avance el tiempo y el desarrollo del proyecto, se irá entregando y ofreciendo distintas opciones de acuerdo a las necesidades que puedan ir surgiendo a lo largo del proyecto. Es así como esta propuesta de intercambio tendrá la posibilidad de variar o aumentar necesidades por nuestros clientes. Por otro lado, el modelo de negocio ha sido validado a través de diversos experimentos como entrevistas, encuestas, Concierge, entre otros más. Además, se ha desarrollado la planificación y presupuestación de aspectos de venta, operaciones, finanzas y recursos humanos necesarios para empezar la propuesta de negocio. Asimismo, con ello se puede corroborar que es un modelo de negocio rentable y con potencial en el mercado. / Telocambio is an innovative business idea within the national market (Peruvian), which consists of an application that provides the service of bringing together the supply and demand of products or services that they want to exchange, items that users consider unnecessary or have accumulated over their life and manage to obtain others that they do need through exchange. After evaluating the market and their preferences, this app seeks to offer quality and security services in addition to being the connection between the people who use it, in this way the user will have the certainty with whom they are making the transaction and can be more comfortable, because the app will show the necessary information of said user. It seeks to provide valuable content for this industry with relevant information for the user. It should be emphasized that as the time and development of the project progresses, different options will be delivered and offered according to the needs that may arise throughout the project. This is how this proposal of exchange tetra the possibility of varying or increasing needs for our customers. On the other hand, the business model has been validated through various experiments such as interviews, surveys, concierge, among others. In addition, we have developed the planning and budgeting of sales, operations, finance, and human resources needed to start the business proposal. This also confirms that it is a profitable business model with market potential. / Trabajo de investigación