xiii, 370 leaves : ill. ; 30 cm. / Title page, contents and abstract only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University Library. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Electrical Engineering, 1980

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No description available.

The Norwegian Network Code FIKS from the Norwegian Transmission System Operator (TSO) Statnett, states that synchronous generators ≥ 25 MVA must have a static excitation system. It also includes requirements on the step time response and the available field winding ceiling voltage of the excitation system. An improved brushless excitation system is in operation in some pilot power plants. A rotating thyristor bridge is controlled via Bluetooth. The step time response is as fast as conventional static excitation systems. However, a ceiling voltage factor of 2 requires the thyristor bridge to operate at firing angles about 60 degrees. High torque pulsations, low power factor and low utilization of the exciter is the end result. New power electronic interfaces on the shaft results in a betterutilization of the designed exciter and improves the mechanical performance as well as the controllability of the generator field winding. Permanent magnet rotating exciters increase the field forcing strength of the synchronous generator, yielding improved transient stability (Fault Ride-Through req.). Brushless exciters also reduces regular maintenance of the generator. The thesis includes experiments on a state of the art synchronous generator test setup including constructed PM exciter and different power electronic solutions. Some investigations has been done on industrial power plants as well.

This thesis work aims at developing a model in Visual Basic for Applications and Microsoft Excel that can be used to predict temperatures in semiconductor devices for two commercial products made by Voith Hydro AB, and via simulation of the model determine the maximum current that can be conducted through the two products. The two products are called field exciters. A field exciter controls the rotor current of a generator with the help of semiconductor devices. When used in a power converter, such devices give rise to losses. A certain amount of the electrical energy passing through the converter is lost in form of heat. If the thermal energy is not dissipated, the temperature in the semiconductor device will rise. This will eventually lead to device failure when the temperature exceeds a certain temperature threshold which depends on the semiconductor material. The proposed model allows to predict these losses and the corresponding temperatures for a specified field current and ambient temperature. The model was validated experimentally. A simplified brushless excitation system was designed and constructed, temperature measurements were carried out for different field currents and later used to validate the model. This thesis concludes that the model developed in Visual Basic predicts temperatures with good results for the PWM-30A but not as good for the PWM-150A. The model simulations show that the PWM-30A can operate with a continuous current of 30 A, for a short duration of 10 seconds it can step up the current to 60 A at an ambient temperature of 50 °C. When the PWM-30A is cooled by forced convection, it can conduct a continuous current of 50 A at an ambient temperature of 50 °C. During field forcing, the PWM-30A can step up the current to 100 A for a duration of 10 seconds. It has been concluded that the PWM-150A cannot, without further testing, conduct a larger current than it was originally designed for, which is 150 A continuously at an ambient temperature of 40 °C. During field forcing it can step up the current to 240 A for 10 seconds.

[pt] Os sistemas de potência são projetados para operarem com tensão e freqüência constantes, admitindo-se pequenas variações em torno de sues valores nominais. Estas grandezas são controladas principalmente pelos sistemas de excitação e reguladores de velocidade, respectivamente. Esta dissertação examina o projeto de sistemas de excitação modernos e estabelece as características de projeto dos componentes das excitatrizes estáticas. Os principais componentes (conversor, circuito de disparo, circuito de partida e regulador de tensão) são implementados em um protótipo de excitatriz. As respostas do protótipo à pequenas e grandes perturbações também são discutidas. / [en] Power systems are designed to operate with constant voltagem and frequency, allowing small sinal variations around its rated valves. These quantities are mainly controlled by excitation systems and governors, respectively. This dissertation examines the design of modern excitation systems and estabilishes the desired characteristics of static exciter componentes. The main components (conversor, firing circuit, starting circuit and voltage regulator) are implemented in a exciter prototype. The prototype response to small and larger disturbances are also discussed.

The response of a parametrically-excited system to a deterministic nonstationary excitation is studied. The system, which has a cubic nonlinearity, has one focus and two saddle points and can be used as a simple model of a ship in the head or follower seas. The method of multiple scales is applied to the governing equation to derive equations for the amplitude and phase of the response. These equations are used to find the stationary response of the system to stationary excitation. The stability of the stationary response is examined. The stability of stationary periodic solutions to the original governing equation is examined through a Floquet analysis. The response to a nonstationary excitation having (a) a frequency that varies linearly with time, or (b) an amplitude that varies linearly with time, is studied. The response is computed from digital computer integration of the equations found from the method of multiple scales and of the original governing equation. The response to nonstationary excitation has several unique characteristics, including penetration, jump-up, oscillation, and convergence to the stationary solution. The agreement between solutions found from the original governing equation and the method-of-multiple-scales equations is good. For some sweeps of the excitation frequency or amplitude, the response to nonstationary excitation found from the original governing equation exhibits behavior which is analogous to symmetry-breaking bifurcations, period-doubling bifurcations, chaos, and unboundedness in the stationary solution. The maximum response amplitude and the excitation frequency or amplitude at which the response goes unbounded is found as a function of sweep rate. The effect of initial conditions and noise on the response to nonstationary excitation is considered. The results of the digital-computer simulations are verified with an analog computer. / Master of Science

A modeling approach suitable for simulating solid-state-controlled machine systems, including component failures within either the electronics or machine(s), is presented in detail. The capability of modeling unbalanced-machine operation is included in the modeling approach. The approach is directly amenable to computer implementation. Computer implementation of the modeling approach was performed and the simulated results were compared with actual oscillograms, obtained from the performance tests of an Electric Vehicle Propulsion Unit, in order to verify the proposed modeling approach. Excellent correlation between the simulated waveforms and the oscillograms existed in all the simulated cases. The modeling approach was used also to simulate the electrical behavior of a brushless-excitation system used for large turbine generators. The simulations consisted of normal steady-state operation as well as a scenario of fault conditions occurring within the rotating rectifier assembly of the brushless exciter. The simulated results are displayed and a discussion of intrinsic features of these results needed to identify the specific fault is presented. Fault detection schemes are warranted for such expensive systems. Actual voltage and/or current waveforms could be telemetered to an controller for fault detection and classification. The elements of this modeling approach which allow inexpensive computer simulation of such systems, that can contain nonlinearities and/or spontaneous faults in any of its components, are listed as follows: 1. The capability of automatically generating the systems' governing state equations, from a minimal set of topological data and component values, at any point within the simulation run; 2. Inclusion of unbalanced machine operation is a result of having no topological restrictions placed upon the mutual coupling. 3. Using piece-wise linear I-V characteristics of the solid-state switching components decreases the computation time needed for a given simulation run since iteration for the status of the equivalent resistance values for each switch is only required at their threshold (I-V) points. 4. Employment of an implicit (predictor-corrector) integration algorithm designed specifically for solving stiff differential equations, typically associated with solid-state controlled machine systems, allows realistic modeling of the solid-state switches' equivalent resistance values. Also, implicit algorithms (like the one employed in this work) result in a drastic reduction of computer execution time and an increase in accuracy, when compared to explicit algorithms, systems. for simulating these types of stiff systems. / Ph. D.

Thesis: M.S., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 1980 / Includes bibliographical references. / by Conrado Orta, Jr. / M.S. / M.S. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science

published_or_final_version / Electrical Engineering / Master / Master of Philosophy