Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2016-08-29T19:55:03Z No. of bitstreams: 1 RicardoDiasDeAndrade_DISSERT.pdf: 1416010 bytes, checksum: 12bf51d53442ec4aacf466b8f71ba103 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-09-05T21:40:40Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 RicardoDiasDeAndrade_DISSERT.pdf: 1416010 bytes, checksum: 12bf51d53442ec4aacf466b8f71ba103 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-05T21:40:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 RicardoDiasDeAndrade_DISSERT.pdf: 1416010 bytes, checksum: 12bf51d53442ec4aacf466b8f71ba103 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-26 / Introdu??o: O controle da infec??o pelo HIV atrav?s da TARV, acarretou em diversos efeitos adversos as pessoas vivendo com HIV/Aids (PVHA), como as s?ndromes lipodistr?fica e de wasting. O treinamento f?sico tem sido indicado como forma de retard?-los ou ameniz?-los, os estudos com treinamento f?sico para PVHA t?m mostrado efeitos positivos sobre o controle auton?mico card?aco, composi??o corporal, for?a muscular e na capacidade cardiorrespirat?ria. M?todos: Sete PVHA, do sexo masculino, sob uso da TARV, foram submetidas a uma interven??o com treinamento concorrente durante 18 semanas. O treinamento resistido teve caracter?stica de periodiza??o ondulat?ria, e o treinamento aer?bio prescrito em intensidade leve e de forma linear. O controle auton?mico card?aco foi avaliado pela variabilidade da frequ?ncia card?aca atrav?s dos dom?nios da frequ?ncia (HF, LF e a raz?o LF/HF). Foi aplicado o teste de caminhada de seis minutos para a avalia??o da capacidade cardiorrespirat?ria e do desempenho neuromuscular. Para a avalia??o da for?a muscular foi utilizado o m?todo da tonelagem absoluta, calculada a cada microciclo e mesociclo. As vari?veis antropom?tricas foram analisadas por segmento corporal, sendo obtidas a massa gorda total, do tronco e dos membros superiores e inferiores, al?m da massa corporal e IMC.A an?lise estat?stica foi realizada atrav?s do c?lculo do tamanho do efeito (d de Cohen), exceto para a an?lise da tonelagem absoluta, que foi analisada atrav?s do teste ANOVA one-way, com post hoc de scheffe. Resultados: Foram encontrados tamanhos de efeito alto (d>0,80) para a an?lise da variabilidade da frequ?ncia card?aca para as vari?veis LF e HF, mas n?o para a raz?o LF/HF, ap?s 18 semanas. Tamb?m foram encontrados efeitos moderados (d>0,50) ou fracos (d>0,20) para a composi??o corporal e no desempenho cardiorrespirat?rio. Al?m de diferen?as significativas para a for?a muscular a partir do 4? mesociclo. Conclus?o: O treinamento concorrente induziu efeitos positivos no controle auton?mico card?aco, na composi??o corporal, no desempenho cardiorrespirat?rio e na for?a muscular, assim, a prescri??o de treinamentos com varia??es de cargas, como aplicado neste estudo, deve ser indicado como forma de interven??o n?o medicamentosa para PVHA. / The control of HIV infection by HAART, brought a many of adverse effects to people living with HIV/Aids (PLHA), as a lipodystrophy and wasting syndromes. The physical training has been indicated as means to delay or soften then, the studies with physical training to PLHA have been showed positive effects on cardiac autonomic control, body composition, muscular strength and cardiorespiratory fitness. Seven PLHA, male and under HAART use, Underwent a concurrent training protocol during 18 weeks. The resistance training has an ondulatory periodization, and the aerobic training was conducted in low intensity and linear model. The cardiac autonomic control was evaluated by heart rate variability, through frequency domains (LF, HF and LF/HF ratio). Was applied the six minute walking test evaluate the cardiorespiratory fitness and neuromuscular performance. For the muscular strength evaluation was used the absolute tonnage method, calculated for each microcycle and mesocycle. The anthropometric variables were analyzed for each body segment, being get the total fat mass, trunk and the upper and lower limbs, further body mass and BMI. The statistical analyze was conducted by effect size formula (Cohen?s d), except the absolute tonnage, that was analyzed by ANOVA one-way test, with scheffe post hoc. Were found high effect sizes (d<0,80) to analyze the heart rate variability to the LF and HF variables, but not to LF/HF ratio, after 18 weeks. Also were found moderate (d>0,50) and lower (d>0,20) effect size to body composition and cardiorespiratory fitness. Further the significant difference in muscular strength since fourth mesocycle. The concurrent training induced positive effects on cardiac autonomic control, body composition, cardiorespiratory fitness and the muscular strength, so, the training prescription with load variations, as applied in this study, have be indicated as non-medicine intervention to PLHA.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:16:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 FlavioSS_DISSERT.pdf: 1009224 bytes, checksum: 11ff4662d4d8985817935b34117dbf5f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-02-03 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / Our aim was to investigate the effects of an aerobic training program on adverse and early left ventricle (LV) remodeling, using an experimental model of short-term type 1 diabetes (T1D). Wistar rats were divided in 4 groups: sedentary control (SC), trained control (TC), sedentary diabetic (SD) and trained diabetic (TD). T1D was induced by streptozotocin (45 mg/kg). The training program consisted of 4 weeks running on a treadmill (13 m/min, 60 min/day, 5 days/week). At the end of the experiments, hearts were collected for analysis of morphology and transcriptional profile of LV, by focusing on its remodeling. Deaths were recorded during the 4-week period. We verified high mortality among animals of DS group, whereas it was significantly reduced in DT group. DS group also showed an increase in cross-sectional area of cardiomyocytes and fibrosis. TD group exhibited reduction in measures of cardiac trophism, but with respect to collagen content, it was similar to CS group. Analysis of gene expression related to cardiac remodeling revealed decreased expression of collagen I and III, as well as low expression of MMP-2 in DS group. TD group showed decreased levels of mRNA for MMP-9, and unchanged gene expression of MMP-2 when compared with the CS group. The expression of MMP-2 and TGF-&#61538;1 were increased in CT group. The ratio between gene expression of collagen I and III was increased in the CT group and decreased in diabetic groups. These results establish early changes of the structure and transcriptional profile of LV myocardium. Moreover, they indicate that aerobic exercise training plays specific protection against mechanisms responsible for cardiac damage observed in T1D / Nosso objetivo foi investigar os efeitos de um programa de treinamento aer?bio sobre o remodelamento adverso e precoce do ventr?culo esquerdo (VE), utilizando modelo experimental de curto prazo de diabetes tipo 1 (DM1). Ratos Wistar foram divididos em 4 grupos: controle sedent?rio (CS), controle treinado (CT), diab?tico sedent?rio (DS) e diab?tico treinado (DT). O DM1 foi induzido por estreptozotocina (45 mg/kg). O programa de treinamento consistiu em 4 semanas de corrida em esteira (13 m/min, 60 min/dia, 5 dias/semana). Ao fim dos experimentos, os cora??es foram coletados para analise da morfologia e do perfil transcricional do VE, com foco em seu remodelamento. Os ?bitos foram registrados durante as 4 semanas. Verificamos alta mortalidade entre os animais do grupo DS, enquanto que esta foi significativamente reduzida no grupo DT. O grupo DS apresentou aumento na ?rea de sec??o transversa dos cardiomi?citos e fibrose. O grupo DT exibiu redu??o das medidas de trofismo card?aco, mas com rela??o ao conte?do col?geno, foi similar ao grupo CS. As an?lises de express?o de genes ligados ao remodelamento card?aco revelaram redu??o na express?o dos col?genos I e III, al?m de baixa express?o da MMP-2, no grupo DS. O grupo DT apresentou diminui??o dos n?veis de mRNA para MMP-9, e express?o g?nica de MMP-2 inalterada, se comparado ao grupo CS. As express?es da MMP-2 e do TGF-&#61538;1 foram aumentadas no grupo CT. A raz?o entre express?o g?nica dos col?genos I e III mostrou-se elevada no grupo CT e reduzida nos grupos diab?ticos. Esses resultados estabelecem altera??es precoces da estrutura e do perfil transcricional do VE. Ainda, indicam que o treinamento aer?bio exerce prote??o espec?fica contra mecanismos respons?veis pelo dano card?aco observado no DM1