Submitted by PPG Odontologia (odontologia-pg@pucrs.br) on 2018-03-15T18:26:06Z No. of bitstreams: 1 MARCELO_MATOS_ROCHA_DIS.pdf: 2694699 bytes, checksum: b35320c3e1bad1e5215967015213d4c2 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Tatiana Lopes (tatiana.lopes@pucrs.br) on 2018-03-28T12:16:11Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 MARCELO_MATOS_ROCHA_DIS.pdf: 2694699 bytes, checksum: b35320c3e1bad1e5215967015213d4c2 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-03-28T12:29:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MARCELO_MATOS_ROCHA_DIS.pdf: 2694699 bytes, checksum: b35320c3e1bad1e5215967015213d4c2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-01-12 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / Bisphosphonates have been associated with medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ), a disorder that has some risk factors such as surgical interventions in the jaw bones, especially tooth extractions. On the other hand, xenogeneic grafts have been widely used to fill the alveolar socket after tooth extraction, with clinical evidences of improving local conditions of the surgical bed for oral rehabilitation. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of combined bisphosphonate and the xenogeneic graft Bio-Oss? Collagen on alveolar bone repair after tooth extraction. Sixty rats were allocated into five groups according to the treatment received: zoledronic acid (group 1) and alendronate (group 2) both with xenogeneic graft; zoledronic acid (group 3) and alendronate (group 4) both without xenogeneic graft; and control (group 5). All animals were subjected to tooth extractions, and maxillae were dissected and macro- and microscopically analyzed. Frequency of oral mucosal wounds did not significantly differ between the groups; however, these lesions were significantly smaller in the control group. The amount of fibrous connective tissue was greater in groups 2 (alendronate/Bio-Oss) and 5 (control) than in 3 (zoledronic acid) and 4 (alendronate). Group 4 showed greater amounts of vital bone than did groups 1 (zoledronic acid/Bio-Oss), 3 and 5. The amounts of non-vital bone were greater in the zoledronic acid groups (1 and 3), where non-vital bone was less in group 1 than 3. Group 3 showed more inflammatory infiltrate than groups 2, 4 and 5. There were greater amounts of microbial colonies in group 3. Inflammatory infiltrate and microbial colonies were negatively correlated to vital bone and positively correlated to non-vital bone. Inflammatory infiltrate and microbial colonies were positively correlated to each other. Conclusion: Post-extraction socket filling with Bio-Oss? Collagen did not prevent the occurrence of non-vital bone and infection, but it did lower the extent of these variables in rats under treatment with zoledronic acid. / Os bisfosfonatos t?m sido associados ? ocorr?ncia de osteonecrose maxilar (MRONJ, medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw), condi??o que tem, entre os fatores de risco para sua ocorr?ncia, as interven??es cir?rgicas dos ossos maxilares, principalmente as exodontias. Por outro lado, o uso de xenoenxerto para preenchimento alveolar ap?s exodontia tornou-se procedimento frequente, com evid?ncias cl?nicas de sua capacidade em melhorar as condi??es locais do s?tio cir?rgico com vistas ? reabilita??o oral. O presente estudo teve por objetivo investigar o efeito do uso combinado de bisfosfonato e enxerto xen?geno (Bio-Oss?Collagen) no reparo ?sseo alveolar ap?s exodontia. Sessenta ratos foram distribu?dos em cinco grupos de acordo com o tratamento recebido: ?cido zoledr?nico (grupo 1) e alendronato (grupo 2), ambos com xenoenxerto; ?cido zoledr?nico (grupo 3) e alendronato (grupo 4), ambos sem xenoenxerto; e grupo-controle (grupo 5). Todos os animais foram submetidos a exodontias, as maxilas foram dissecadas e analisadas por meio de exame macro- e microsc?pico. A frequ?ncia de les?o da mucosa oral n?o diferiu significativamente entre os grupos; entretanto essas les?es foram significativamente menores no grupo-controle. A preval?ncia de tecido conjuntivo fibroso foi maior nos grupos 2 (alendronato/Bio-Oss) e 5 (controle) do que nos grupos 3 (?cido zoledr?nico) e 4 (alendronato). O grupo 4 (alendronato) teve maior quantidade de osso vital do que os grupos 1 (?cido zoledr?nico/Bio-Oss), 3 (?cido zoledr?nico) e controle. A quantidade de osso n?o-vital foi maior nos grupos ?cido zoledr?nico com e sem Bio-Oss (1 and 3), sendo que, ao comparar-se esses dois grupos entre si, essa vari?vel foi maior no grupo 3. O grupo 3 exibiu mais infiltrado inflamat?rio do que os grupos 2, 4 e 5 e maior quantidade de col?nias microbianas do que os demais grupos. Infiltrado inflamat?rio e col?nias microbianas tiveram correla??o negativa com osso vital e positiva com osso n?o-vital. Infiltrado inflamat?rio e col?nias microbianas exibiram correla??o positiva entre si. Conclus?o: O preenchimento do alv?olo p?s-exodontia com Bio-Oss? Collagen n?o evitou a ocorr?ncia de osso n?o-vital e infec??o, mas foi capaz de diminuir a intensidade dessas vari?veis nos ratos sob tratamento com ?cido zoledr?nico.