Almost every day, people are exposed to various dangers that pose for them unexpected situations, such as natural disasters, accidents or variety of accidents involving the release of hazardous substances. To reduce these incidents the state adopts various measures such as legal standards. Such a main measure is to protect the population. To mitigate the effects of emergencies it is necessary citizens also know how to preserve these adverse situations, how they react and how to help themselves and the others. It is possible however not without constant education. Education and population education should start at an early age and throughout life would have knowledge in this area should get deeper. In the theoretical part of this thesis all the incidents with which one can meet are described. Whether it is an extraordinary event caused by natural or caused by man. Further on procedures relating to just protect the population. How to behave at the signal "general alert" to prepare for an evacuation and how you perform or how to hide in the case of danger. Furthermore acquainted with crisis situations that may arise. Also important they are the procedures of the individual components of the integrated rescue system, which play a big role in fighting emergencies. Finally, theoretical part explains the statistics, which represent a large percentage of research. The aim of this study was to evaluate students' knowledge selected at secondary schools in the occurrence of the incident and the knowledge of the activities arising for citizens in case of emergency on the territory of the district Klatovy. Subsequently, two hypotheses were set, namely: H1: "Students selected secondary schools are aware of the possibility of extraordinary events in the town Klatovy" and H2: "Students from higher grades have more information on the issue of protecting the population than students of lower classes." To these targets and verify of the hypotheses it was necessary to compile an anonymous questionnaire focused on this issue and agree with it on statistical surveys. The survey was conducted at a secondary school at Business college in Klatovy and the sample consisted the numer of 200 students. 100 students from the 1st and 2nd grade and 100 students from the 3rd and 4th grades. The questionnaire contained 13 questions and there was always only one correct answer. The success rate among the issues was very diverse. The results were striking some questions, but there are also questions that the students completed without any problems. The term "general warning" was known only by 21% of students. This means that if a general warning tone will be 79% of the students know what to do. Conversely, 90% of students knew with an overview of important phone numbers to be dialed in an emergency. Only 39% of students have an overview of the risks due to them on the territory of district Nýrsko water reservoir. 86% of all students have a good grasp of the individual components of the integrated rescue system. Overall, students with lower grades were successful 49% success rate. 42% of students got older. Then 7% less. Through descriptive and mathematical statistics the evaluation of hypothese was achieved. Hypothesis no. 1 was confirmed on the basis of descriptive statistics. Hypothesis no. 2 was refuted by means of mathematical statistics, which means that students of higher classes have no more information to the occurrence of extraordinary events on the territory of district of Klatovy. All the data is processed and presented in the "Discussion" and "Results". The results of this work have been forwarded to the school management representatives who act as an annual lecture on emergency and the first aid principles in the context of armed courses Hracholuska dam. The questions used in the questionnaires can be used and properly explained during these mandatory courses within the presentations that focus on individual questions used in the questionnair

The main task of the Integrated Rescue System is to ensure the safety of people and reduce the impact of extraordinary incidents on people, property and the environment of the Czech Republic. In the event that the incident exceeds its range of capabilities and the effectiveness of the main elements of the Integrated Rescue System, which is the Fire Brigade, Police of the Czech Republic and the Emergency Medical Service and is in accordance with current legislation and the central alarm plan, the Czech Army can also be involved. It is possible to say that in the instance where an extraordinary incident may arise, if necessary, the Army of the Czech Republic and its earmarked forces can provide the necessary support to the main elements of the Integrated Rescue System. Therefore it follows that by including the Army of the Czech Republic amongst all other elements, it ensures that the Army of Czech Republic participates in the operations of the Integrated Rescue System but only at the time when it is of a greater extent and only in the event, where the extent or period of duration of the extraordinary incident lead to a declaration of a third or emergency level of alarm. For example, in the strengthening of the Integrated Rescue System in rescue work during natural disasters of a greater magnitude. It participates in these cases, especially in saving human life, in the evacuation of people from affected areas and also on the initial liquidation of consequences in cases where it is necessary. The research group in statistical inquiries of this work is therefore made up of members from the active reserves of the Army of the Czech Republic. I gathered basic data from report spreadsheets to a senior level regarding fulfilment and staffing levels of table positions in the structure of active reserves, according to their individual locations. Another source was the electronic database of the Information System for planning the mobilization of the Army of the Czech Republic, within the framework of the functionality of its subtasks; it is possible from RESOURCES (filter setting data) to obtain data on the distribution of members of the active reserves according to individual military and individual functions. From the perspective of correlation regression, this division is important, given that within the statistical part of the work the research files are also divided according to functions, which, if realized by the members of the active reserves were for the Integrated Rescue System beneficial and applicable. The hypothesis of the statistical research of this study is: "The number of Czech citizens in the mandatory reserve Army of the Czech Republic available for deployment within ACR in a state of emergency is inadequate ". This hypothesis under investigation emerged from my professional curiosity and also from the many discussions and polemics discussed with my professional colleagues and friends from the general public and with members from the ranks of active reservists. The purpose of the above-defined hypothesis was to verify whether there is a sufficient number of citizens in the mandatory reserve Army of the Czech Republic, who would be available for deployment in the Army of the Czech Republic during the announcement of the state of a non-military crisis. Due to current legislation and in particular the postulate on which it is based, namely that active service in the Armed Forces of the Czech Republic in peacetime is purely voluntary, from whereby citizens of the so-called mandatory reserve are deployable and from which only those citizens who voluntarily undertook conscription, therefore, become members of Active backups. Research hypothesis, indicates that the number of selected - active reservists is insufficient, given that the overall capacity over the long term is moving on average around 50% of the total planned numbers and was provided by the simple knowledge of the issue.

For the effective use were created Catalogue of Standard Activities of Integrated Rescue System Units during a Joint Intervention (KTČ). The Catalogue of Standard Activities should thus serve as a guide for successful management of emergencies listed. The theoretical part devoted to particular standard activities, presenting conditions for their use, list of bound units and brief procedure for carrying out rescue and relief work. One of the objectives of the thesis was to evaluate the use of each of the standard activities listed in the Catalogue of Standard Activities in dealing with emergencies carried out by IRS units in the Czech Republic between 2010 2014 and the second objective was to design processing of another standard activities for inclusion into the catalogue. Objectives were fulfilled. The research part of the thesis was carried out by methods of analysis and the research of materials available, especially statistical yearbooks of IRS interventions for these years, and by methods of data collection within a qualitative research in the form of guided interview with members of the regional fire rescue corps. After the analysis and research of data obtained from the Ministry of Interior General Directorate of Fire and Rescue Service the data were statistically processed to tables and graphs, and then compared with data obtained from respondents who were subjected to controlled interviews. Respondents were drawn from the ranks of the Fire and Rescue Service, where there was always approached just one member from each region of the Czech Republic. So it was questioned 14 respondents, of which 13 were willing to be interviewed on the issue. The interview consisted of 10 questions, aim of which was to find out, whether the Catalogue of Standard Activities is being used during IRS activities for joint intervention in dealing with emergencies in the corresponding region. Statistical results of the data obtained from the Ministry of Interior General Directorate of Fire and Rescue Service revealed that the majority of incidents solved by using methods of standard activities are rather stagnating or growing. The decline appeared only in traffic accidents dealt with during the announcement of the second and higher degree of alarm. The interviews with members of fire brigades showed that the Catalogue of Standard Activities of IRS units is most often used to deal with emergencies that meet the elements of its use. It is most often the case of traffic accidents and demonstrating the intention of suicide. Conversely, the least number of incidence and therefore of use is noticed in ensuring public order during meetings and techno-parties, and during avian influenza. The busiest regions in dealing with emergencies, according to the results, are the South Moravian Region and the City of Prague. At the other end, in terms of workload, there is the Olomouc Region. Using synchronous comparison, which compared the frequency of dealing with emergencies using the Catalogue of Standard Activities in relation to the total number of incident solutions using the Catalogue of Standard Activities in the Czech Republic, South Moravian Region was established as the best region in using the aforementioned standards to deal with emergencies. The worst in it is, to the contrary, the Karlovy Vary Region. Extraordinary events proposed for inclusion into the Catalogue of Standard Activities are extraordinary events with the presence of highly dangerous infections, collapsing buildings, managing migration waves and terrorist attack. The research question was posed as follows: Are the standard activities of the IRS units used during the joint intervention to deal with emergencies on the list? The answer is affirmative. Standard activities of the units IRS during the joint intervention used to deal with emergencies.

The thesis describes the life of pupils at primary school in Čkyně during 1880-1948. The introduction outlines the history of the village, followed by a section on the history of education in the village. The following chapters deal with specific time periods in school life, focused on teachers, pupils and lessons, and on school anniversaries or celebrations that the school organized regularly or exceptionally. This thesis also mentions political and other significant events that took place in those years, and how these events influenced schooling. The most important sources for this work were local and school chronicles.

The thesis will concentrate on the dynamics of changes in the judiciary after 1945 with the emphasis given to continuity and discontinuity between retributional and popular courts in the early 1950s. The focus of interest will be dedicated the judicial practice in the postwar context and discourse of cleansing. Attention will also be paid to the changing mechanisms of disciplinary acts regarding judges in postwar Czechoslovakia and to strategies they followed In their careers in order to comply with the changing conditions. Key words: retribution, cleansing, extraordinary popular courts, the judiciary, judges, changes of personnel, continuity and discontinuity, peoples courts

This diploma thesis on social impacts of disasters and their solutions deals with disasters that have accompanied the mankind from the very beginning, their impacts and the effective solutions of such impacts. The theoretical section, in the first chapter, introduces the concept of disaster and it describes disasters that struck the Earth in the past and endangered substantially human lives. The second chapter is devoted to disasters of the 21st century and is divided into two parts. The first part of the second chapter deals with disasters of the 21st century in the world, including the current situation in Japan and the other part introduces major disasters of the 21st century in our country. The third chapter of the theoretical section focuses on the characteristics of basic disasters that may occur in the Czech Republic. The fourth chapter informs us about the impact and consequences of extraordinary events and crisis situations in the Czech Republic and about their solutions. This chapter introduces us to the way the Czech Republic addresses social impacts of disasters, which are an important factor in determining the seriousness of disasters. The concept of social impacts of disasters includes not only the loss of life or property, but also reduced ability of self-support of people affected by disasters caused by closing down businesses and their decreased work ability. The last chapter of the theoretical section, chapter five, deals with the role and responsibilities of state authorities and local governments during extraordinary events and crisis situations. This thesis aims at specifying social impacts of disasters and to propose some solutions. The results of quantitative research using questionnaire survey showed that we can confirm working hypothesis no. one, i.e. that one of the major impacts of disasters are social impacts. The thesis also includes research conducted using the method of guided interviews thanks to which we can confirm the second working hypothesis, i.e. that dealing with the impact takes place mostly in the reconstruction period after the crisis situation. Knowledge obtained while working on this thesis may serve as a comprehensive analysis of the current state of the Czech Republic in terms of dealing with social impacts of disasters.

This thesis deals with researching and mapping the humanitarian aid provided to foreign countries and with involving into the international rescue operations of the basic and other components of the Integrated Rescue System of the Czech Republic. The State Humanitarian Aid of the Czech Republic abroad is performed and financed from the financial means allocated by the government from the state budget into the bound reserve of the General Financial Administration for the given year for the humanitarian aid. The partial target of the thesis is to submit the complete information about the international rescue missions and providing individual kinds of the humanitarian aid abroad. The partial goal was to find out the preparedness of the Czech Republic for providing individual kinds of humanitarian aid and to refer to possible drawbacks. The survey of implemented foreign rescue operations and humanitarian aid was focused on the basic component of IZS CR, taking part in missions abroad most frequently and participating in the largest extent in providing humanitarian aid abroad, i.e. Fire Rescue Service of the Czech Republic (HZS CR) and its departments. Concerning other components of IZS CR, the research focused on the projects of one of the most important and largest non-profit non-governmental organization, ADRA citizen association.

One of the duties of each municipality, regardless of the size of the administrative territory, number of citizens or type, is to protect its population against imminent danger, i.e. to be duly prepared for solution of extraordinary or crisis incidents that can affect the municipalities. I have chosen the name of the thesis, "Place and role of municipality bodies in preparation for extraordinary incidents and crisis situations" mainly due to the fact that, according to my experience, the area of safety is neglected and underestimated, or postponed, or the municipality bodies deal with this issue only marginally. Municipalities with extended competence or bigger municipalities have some advantage as they are better equipped in terms of staff, professionalism and material and a lot of tasks within preparation for extraordinary incidents and crisis situations are performed, for their benefit, by regional fire brigades. The first goal of the thesis consists in presenting the principles of working of the municipality and its bodies, in defining the duties and competences of the municipalities in extraordinary incidents and crisis situations. It consists further in drawing up a basic summary of legislative tools of territorial self-government units and their essential position within crisis management and safety system of the Czech Republic. The second goal consists in evaluating the crisis potential of the administrative territory of the municipality of Loučovice under use of crisis plan of the South Bohemian Region and of the crisis plan of the municipality with extended competence, Český Krumlov. The following research question was created to fulfil the goals of the thesis: Do risks and tasks of the municipality constitute a motive for the municipality bodies to elaborate a crisis preparedness plan? To answer the research question, I made use of specialized literature, lectures and legal standards. That allowed characterizing the public administration system with focus on the competence of territorial self-government units and their bodies when preparing for and dealing with extraordinary incidents. Subsequently, the safety risks of the municipality of Loučovice in case of potential danger to its territory were evaluated, and the acquired information served as base to elaborate a draft of crisis preparedness plan, as one of indispensable parts of crisis management, i.e. planning. The dangers and their causes were identified under use of the crisis plan of the South Bohemian Region, of the crisis plan of the municipality with extended competence, Český Krumlov, and of the extract from the plan of actions for protection of citizens under the Lipno I and II Dam against special flood for the municipality of Loučovice. Further important information was acquired thanks to the cooperation of the Fire Brigade of the South Bohemian Region, the employees of Povodí Vltavy, s. p., and from archive documents of the municipal authority. The own data collection served to elaborate a comprehensive document with a list of the most important tasks of self-government in preparation of and dealing with extraordinary incidents and crisis situations that will be used as a manual for the mayor and the bodies of the municipality of Loučovice within expansion of knowledge in the area of preparation for and dealing with extraordinary incidents and crisis situations. The practical part of the thesis includes the crisis preparedness plan of the municipality of Loučovice that can be used in case of emergence of and dealing with a crisis situation on the territory of the municipality. At the same time, the plan will be used for training of employees of the municipality and for familiarization of corporate bodies and citizens with the character of potential danger.

This diploma thesis is the creation of a document which clearly contains the legal powers of the Czech police that can be used in practice in the event of an extraordinary situation, where it is possible to assume the necessity of entering a building. The main objective of the work is to find out and evaluate the knowledge and preparedness of the police officers under the Regional Directorate of the Police of the South Bohemian Region to execute entrance into a building. The thesis is divided into a theoretical and practical part. The theoretical part deals with defining the basic concepts of the Czech Police and the Integrated Rescue Services (IRS). It also focuses on the issue of entry into a building for the protection of life, health and property, during evacuation, and also for extraordinary events requiring the application of selected types of IRS activities where a police officer is the overall commander. In the practical part, two hypotheses are designated for research. The main hypothesis assumes that police officers are adequately acquainted with the issue regarding entering a building. The secondary hypothesis assumes a statistically significant difference in the level of knowledge between senior staff and younger police officers. Data for the research was obtained through quantitative research by questionnaire. The arithmetic average was used to verify the main hypothesis. To verify the secondary hypothesis, two sample sets were determined and the data were statistically processed using a two-sample t-test. The result of the research is the non-confirmation of both hypotheses, and therefore, that police officers are not sufficiently familiar with the issue concerning the entering of a building and that the difference in knowledge between senior officers and younger police officers is not statistically significant.

Life on our planet does not exist without risks. Nobody is protected against extraordinary events and crisis situations. Except for enormous traffic accidents and natural disasters such as floods, fires, windstorms, landslides and avalanches there are also probable accidents with leakage of dangerous chemical substances in the Czech Republic. Above listed probable situations require immediate reaction and in many cases their solution raises the need of communication with public. In the Czech Republic there was for this purpose created a system of crisis management, which carries out prevention and correction of crisis situations and during crisis outbreak exercises specific procedures leading to reduction of crisis effect. Integral part of activities is the area of information flow (crisis communication) including informedness of general public. The result of above described activity is the plan of communication with public. With respect to the fact that no rule of law solves the content and structure of this document, my proposal results from accessible scientific literature, performed analysis of chosen municipalities and consultation with professionals on this topic. Information is the base of all events, however they are useless if the do not reach these who were they addressed to. That is why their transfer should play the main part when carrying out precautionary measures against extraordinary events and crisis situations as well as in the time of crisis situation solution.