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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Análise Termodinâmica de um Buraco Negro com Monopolo Global em Teorias f(R)

Pereira, Francisco Bento Lustosa da Costa Duarte 26 May 2017 (has links)
Submitted by Biblioteca do Instituto de Física (bif@ndc.uff.br) on 2017-05-26T20:14:25Z No. of bitstreams: 1 TeseFranciscoLustosa.pdf: 726667 bytes, checksum: b1704d3cae6ec9a91da3b57f936bc53b (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-05-26T20:14:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 TeseFranciscoLustosa.pdf: 726667 bytes, checksum: b1704d3cae6ec9a91da3b57f936bc53b (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Neste trabalho estudamos o problema do Buraco Negro (BN) em um região contendo um Monopolo Global em uma teoria de gravidade f(R). Utilizando o formalismo da métrica, obtemos as equações de campo em termos de [Fórmula] e assumimos que F(R) seja uma fun c~ao de grau n da coordenada radial. Adotando uma aproximação, conseguimos obter soluções do tipo BN e analisamos suas quantidades termodinâmicas, como temperatura local, energia e capacidade térmica para qualquer n. Comparamos os resultados obtidos com o caso do BN de Scharzschild com um Monopo Global e também observamos se há influência do grau n nos efeitos termodinâmicos. / In this work we study the problem of a Black Hole (BH) in a region containing a Global Monopole in a f(R) gravity. We use the metric formalism to obtain the eld equations in terms of [Formula] and assume that F(R) is a n-degree function of the radial coordinate. Adopting an aproximation, we obtain BH solutions and analise the resulting thermodynamical quantities, such as local temperature, energy and heat capacity for all n's. We compare the results with the ones obtaines in the case of the Scharzschild BH with a Global Monopole and observe if there is an in uence of the degree n in the thermodynamical e ects.
2

Les Mystères de l'Energie Noire / The Mysteries of Dark Energy

Moraes, Bruno 21 June 2010 (has links)
L'un des plus grands problèmes ouverts de la cosmologie moderne est l'origine de l'expansion accélérée de l'Univers, découverte en 1998. L'explication théorique la plus simple repose sur l'introduction d'une constante cosmologique $Lambda$. Ce modèle, connu sous le nom de $Lambda$CDM, est en accord avec les différentes observations liées à l'expansion accélérée. Cependant, il présente des problèmes d'ordre théorique. Par conséquent, plusieurs alternatives, connues collectivement sous le nom de {it modèles d'énergie noire}, ont été proposées pour expliquer cette accélération. Plusieurs d'entre eux restent viables, car leurs {it backgrounds} cosmologiques ne présentent pas de signatures identifiables. Par contre, les effets sur les phénomènes perturbatifs sont plus spécifiques à chacun de ces modèles. Dans cette thèse, nous explorons les caractéristiques particulières de la croissance des perturbations de matière à l'ordre linéaire dans les théories $f(R)$ avec un regard complémentaire sur les modèles chameleon. La paramétrisation du taux de croissance de la matière en termes d'une fonction $gamma$ permet d'identifier une signature très spécifique de ces modèles en comparaison avec le modèle $Lambda$CDM. Une étude supplémentaire a permis de trouver une dépendance en échelle explicite, nommée {it dispersion}, dans la croissance des perturbations. Des observations plus précises pourraient permettre de faire la différence entre ces différents modèles selon la présence de ces caractéristiques. / One of the most important open issues in modern cosmology is the origin of the accelerated expansion of the Universe, observed in 1998. The simplest theoretical explanation relies on the introduction of a cosmological constant $Lambda$. This model, known as $Lambda$CDM, agrees with all the different observations connected to the accelerated expansion. However, it presents some theoretical issues. As a result, several alternatives, known collectively under the name of {it dark energy models}, have been proposed to explain this acceleration. Several among them remain viable, since their cosmological backgrounds do not show any identifiable signature. On the other hand, effects on the perturbative level are more specific to each model. In this thesis, we explore the particular characteristics of the growth of linear matter perturbations in $f(R)$ theories, with a complementary look on chameleon models. The parameterization of the growth rate in terms of a $gamma$ function allows us to identify a very specific signature of these models in comparison with the $Lambda$CDM model. A subsequent study allowed us to find an explicit scale dependance, known as {it dispersion}, in the growth of perturbations. More precise observations could enable us to distinguish between dark energy models according to the presence of this type of feature.

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