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Abstract The fever of knowledge management (KM) has lasted since the end of 20th century. KM won¡¦t be just a fever of management for a short while. It will be the key managerial element to establish the competitiveness of organizations. The research of KM in the last decade is forming the frame of KM. The micro-research focuses on analyzing a specific factor of KM and the macro-research focuses on building up the frame of KM from different points of view. The purpose of this study is to analyze the relationship between these enabling factors of KM and the way that they interact with each other, and to understand the way of these enabling factors operating in the level of individuals, teams and the whole organization. This study integrated these enabling factors and built up the framework of these enabling factors. This framework can help organizations to exam the existing KM within their own organizations when they are trying to establish the enabling system of KM. The conclusions of this study are as follows: 1. Organizations must carry out KM with the control of enabling factors. In the enabling system of the organization, these enabling factors are interdependent and come into the social ecology of the organization. 2. The enabling system of KM is led by the knowledge strategy and must be reconciled with the goal of the knowledge strategy in order to create better effect. 3. A complete KM enabling system includes knowledge strategy, organizational culture, organizational structure, hardware environment and norms, and human resource policies. 4. Organizations use KM enabling system to influence the knowledge behaviors of individuals and the knowledge process of teams. 5. Most of the influence of individuals and teams on KM enabling system is knowledge strategy and organizational culture. 6. The aim of KM is to strengthen individual knowledge behavior. And the change of individual knowledge behavior is one of the enabling factors in the whole KM operation. 7. The individual knowledge behavior will influence not only the design of the KM enabling system but also the team knowledge process. 8. Team is the main operational unit to establish the key competitiveness of organizations. Furthermore, the team operation is also one of the KM enabling factors.

Critical Success Factors of Software

This research attempts conclude from the Key Success factors of International Hot-spring resort Hotels, and select one representative resort hotel Hotel from northern, middle, southern and eastern-north (including eastern) Taiwan Respectively. The chosen Hot-spring resorts serve for the case study of the research, which analyzes the key success factors of their success. After the researcher interviews experts the research prioritizes the key success factors in the following order with the agreement of experts: (1) brand image, (2)operation philosophies, (3)good finance, (4)characteristic hardware, (5)special service, (6)environmental surroundings, (7)market segmentation, (8)marketing charnels, (9)education and training. ¡@¡@The result of the research indicates that international Hot-spring resort Hotel in Taiwan place great emphasis on brand images, operation philosophy, market segmentation, characteristic hardware, and environment surroundings, Hotel managers are suggested to shift the focus to education and training, marketing chancels and service quality. By during so, the Hot-spring resort Hotel is differented from other competitors will find its edges against other Hotel, and will achieve in sustainable management in the end.

Thesis--Leyden. / Summary in Dutch. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographies.

Thesis (M. Sc.)--York University,1998. Graduate Program in Biology. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 76-90). Also available on the Internet. MODE OF ACCESS via web browser by entering the following URL: http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/yorku/fullcit?pMQ27358.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2003. / Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 119-129). Also available for download via the World Wide Web; free to University of Oregon users.

published_or_final_version / Pathology / Master / Master of Medical Sciences

published_or_final_version / Biochemistry / Doctoral / Doctor of Philosophy

A number of risks have been proposed in the literature to be associated with hyperfunctional voice disorder (HVD), one of the most common communication disorders. Yet, it is not distributed randomly in the population, certain population groups are at higher risks of developing voice disorders. It is generally agreed that the development of voice disorders involves a multifactorial genesis. The study of risks has been documented in different diseases and also in the World Health Report (W.H.O., 2002). The probabilistic approach has been recommended to effectively manage the likelihood of health outcome in relations to disease development (Tonetti, 1988) and systematically devise prevention and intervention programs targeting population at risk. Yet, in the study of the development of HVD, the lack of a universally agreed theoretical framework prohibited the establishment of such structure and research on advancement on preventive programs. The present thesis aimed to investigate the adoption of the FMAT risk assessment framework based on the probabilistic approach (WHO) to the field of hyperfunctional voice disorders. A Voice Risk Calculator (VRC) Questionnaire was developed focusing on the vocal loading, physiological/medical and psycho-emotional indicators and all subjects completed this questionnaire. The VRC Questionnaire was then validated based on the FMAT framework using a cross-sectional study was used to identify risk indicators associated with HVD development in the local population and a longitudinal study was employed to validate these risk indicators as risk factors. A total of 192 Cantonese-speaking subjects participated in the cross-sectional study including 123 dysphonic subjects and 69 non-dysphonic control subjects and 7 in the longitudinal study. Instrumental measurements including the voice range profile, aerodynamic measurements and the Voice Activity and Participation Profile (VAPP, Ma & Yiu, 2001) were also used as part of the validation procedure. The findings showed that significant differences were found between the dysphonic and non-dysphonic group in the cross-sectional study based on results from the instrumental measurements protocol. A minimal set of selected VRC questionnaire items were also determined (Items 1, 3, 25 and somatization scale) to differences between the subject groups in this study. Thus a set of locally-applicable risk indicators have been suggested. Yet, only minimal changes have been detected in a high-risk group targeted in the longitudinal study. Research (Beck, 1994) indicated that disease progression takes over a time frame of at least more than two years. Thus the small subject size and temporal element of the longitudinal study in the present thesis limited research aim to be achieved. Nonetheless that first phase of the FMAT framework for hyperfunctional voice disorders have been established in the current study and a finalized version of the Voice Risk Calculated Questionnaire has been developed for future research. / published_or_final_version / Speech and Hearing Sciences / Doctoral / Doctor of Philosophy