Durante las últimas décadas, la sociedad y la economía han mostrado un fuerte compromiso con las energías renovables en general, y con las energías marinas en particular. Este enfoque se refleja claramente en la Agenda 2030 y en los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible (ODS), especialmente en el ODS 7, que se centra en asegurar el acceso a una energía moderna y sostenible. Además, los ODS 13 y 14 resaltan la importancia de combatir el cambio climático, sus efectos y utilizar de manera sostenible los recursos marinos. Dentro de las energías renovables marinas, la energía eólica marina ha sido la que ha experimentado mayores avances tecnológicos y una mayor implantación. Por este motivo, gran parte de las investigaciones científicas realizadas recientemente en el campo de las energías marinas han estado enfocadas en revisar, debatir y cuestionar los diseños de los elementos estructurales y las cimentaciones de los parques eólicos offshore. Las incertidumbres presentes en este campo de la ingeniería se deben en gran medida a la limitada experiencia del sector, el cual solo cuenta con unas pocas décadas de implementación, así como a las constantes modificaciones y discrepancias en las normativas existentes. Estas investigaciones y reflexiones se han vuelto esenciales para garantizar el desarrollo sostenible y efectivo de la energía eólica marina, impulsando su potencial como una fuente valiosa y respetuosa con el medio ambiente en el panorama energético global. Basándose en los fundamentos anteriores, esta investigación ha llevado a cabo un análisis exhaustivo del proceso de hinca de las cimentaciones de los monopilotes tanto en condiciones secas como en condiciones sumergidas. Este estudio del proceso de hinca se ha llevado a cabo mediante un ensayo a escala reducida en el laboratorio de estructuras de la Universidad de Alicante. Para ello, se han tenido en cuenta diversas variables involucradas en los parques eólicos marinos como el material empleado del monopilote, la arena del lecho marino o la velocidad y fuerza de hincado. Por último, los valores obtenidos en los ensayos que se describen en los siguientes apartados han sido comparados con modelos de elementos finitos con la finalidad de obtener una relación entre el ensayo a escala en el laboratorio y los ensayos que se podrían realizar a escala real.

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Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka hur lärare i F-3 beskriver utmaningar med att arbeta med de fem förmågorna i undervisningen. För att uppnå syftet har vi genomfört kvalitativa intervjuer för att samla in material med hjälp av sju stycken informanter. Resultatet visar att lärarna kontinuerligt använder sig av en varierad undervisning för att utveckla de fem förmågorna hos eleverna. Det uppkommer även en del utmaningar och möjligheter i arbete med förmågorna.  Slutsatsen är att lärare tillämpar olika arbetsmetoder och material i undervisningen, men oavsett detta så finns det en del utmaningar och möjligheter.

The Lite (Light) satellite for the study of B-mode polarization and Inflation from cosmic background Radiation Detection (LiteBIRD) is a Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA)-led Strategic Large-Class mission designed to search for the existence of the primordial gravitational waves produced during the inflationary phase of the early Universe, through the measurement of their imprint onto the polarization of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB). It is an international collaboration, with European Union (EU) operations being coordinated by France. A short study on the merits of 2-dimensional versus 3-dimensional elements in the Finite Element Model (FEM) meshing of basic plates and beams was performed as well as the analysis of two different methods of representing threaded connections in FEM models. Both these activities were in service of the creation of a FEM model of the structure of the contribution of the EU to LiteBIRD: the Medium-High-Frequency Telescope (MHFT). All analysis was done using the Siemens NX software and the Simcenter Nastran solver. This model has passed preliminary quality checks and will be used for future structural analysis intended to verify the integrity of the design, its compliance with JAXA requirements, and to perform screw dimensioning. The results of those analyses will inform possible future design changes or will support the current design. Logistical work on the project was also performed, consisting of the groundwork to initiate an Assembly, Integration and Testing (AIT) plan and an Assembly, Integration and Verification (AIV) plan. This primarily involved the creation of a Model Definition Document, which contained clear and complete descriptions of the different MHFT models to be used throughout project development. The document defines the purpose and components of the models, the dependencies between models, as well as the necessary tests to be performed on each as part of the AIT and AIV process. A list of the structure interfaces was also created, which will contribute to the development of an interface control document.

Ice hockey players are at a high risk to sustain a concussion. Most of the concussion-inducing hits are to the jaw region, nevertheless, most players do not wear any protective gear shielding the jaw.  This parametric study used finite element simulations in LS-Dyna to evaluate the potential of foam materials in a jaw guard that could be attached to a helmet to reduce the concussion risk.  Here, it was investigated how nine different foam materials influence the ability of the jawguard to protect against concussion. Furthermore, aspects like foam thickness, shell thickness, and the impacting object were evaluated. In a second part, the formerly used HIII head model was exchanged with the KTH HBM, a FE model with a detailed representation of a jaw, and it was looked at how a movable jaw affects the head kinematics. Stiffer foams with a certain stress-strain behavior tend to aid best in energy absorption in the simulated crash scenarios and therefore lower the risk of sustaining a concussion. Impact angle and location influence the result significantly. Two simulated impacts show a decrease in concussion risk by up to 8.2\% and 6.9\% respectively when the jawguard was implemented, while the two other impacts resulted in an increase in concussion risk. Shell and foam thickness variation results depend mostly on the impact scenarios. However, it was found that a soft impactor helps tremendously in avoiding concussions. The hits on the KTH HBM tend to produce higher linear and angular accelerations but no significant difference is seen in angular velocity.  In conclusion, using stiff foams in ice hockey jawguards is a promising approach to attenuate impact energy caused by a collision during an ice hockey game. However, the effect of the jawguard on the concussion risk is very sensitive to the impact location and direction.