The thesis defines main terms connected with problems of household financial situations in the Czech republic. The aim was to focus on the most important terms that are related to financial situation such as income, unemployment, indebtedness and poverty. The thesis includes an analysis of financial situations of juniors and seniors at the head of households. The results of this analysis helps to identify risk factors typical for households situated under the poverty-line and positive (favourable) factors typical for households in a better financial situation.

The financial situation and financial economy are to be controlled by a whole complex of indicators and their values looked on in the time progress and context so that the evaluation outcome may reflect the whole economic state of the company and enable to point out causes of the actual situation. If the firm shall be economically flourishing, the financial analysis has to be a part of the complex of the company´s financial management because it provides a feedback between the expected effect of managing decisions and experience. The elaborated analysis is focussed on detection of weak and strong points of the firm. All the data used in this work are drawn from the provided firm documemtation. The goal of my diploma thesis was to elaborate a financial analysis containing my theoretical experience. I have gained by my study at the College with the relevant data in the present company. A particularly substantial task of my work was to bring running of the existing company´s businesses to light. Despite of the fact that the financial analysis does not bring a complete answer to all question the company have been asking themselves, i tis a great constribution to the evaluation of the past development, detection of problematical areas and prediction of the future development.

This diploma thesis is a financial analysis of the company SHC Prague TRS, a.s. from 2005 to 2009, which manages Hotel InterContinental Praha. Firstly, the aim of this work is to evaluate the financial efficiency of the hotel through financial analysis, and secondly to indicate the possibility for development of financial management in the future. The financial analysis is based on external data from annual reports of the company. The thesis is devided into two chapters and completed with supplements. The first chapter is theoretical, where the principal meaning and functions of the financial analysis are characterized, source information and users of results are presented, and methodology of financial analysis is explained. The second chapter is practical, where basic information about the company is mentioned and a financial analysis is made applying the methods and procedures described in the first part. In conclusion, the results are summarized and there is a complete evaluation of the financial situation of SHC Prague TRS, a.s., that operates Hotel InterContinenatal Praha.

Bakgrund och problem: Finanskrisen 2008-2009 hade sitt ursprung i överoptimistisk långivning med anknytning till fastigheter. Bostadsbubblan som hade uppstått mellan 2001-2006 i USA fick störst betydelse och kom att beskrivas som den främsta utlösande faktorn till finanskrisen. Bostadsbubblan sprack och huspriserna började falla under 2007. Krisen intensifierades och utvecklades till en global finanskris under 2008 då den amerikanska investmentbanken Lehman Brothers tilläts gå i konkurrs. Botten nåddes sannolikt under 2009 som präglades av en global recession. Men samtidigt ser vi fortfarande under 2012 efterspelet av finanskrisen i form av svag tillväxt, osäkerhet på de finansiella marknaderna och stadsfinansiella kriser i euroområdet. Finanskrisens utbrott resulterade bland annat i att banker och andra finansiella institut ströp utlåningen, penningmarknaden total frös och tecken på en totallåsning av banksystemet blev snabbt tydliga. Fastighetsbranschen karaktäriseras av speciella finansiella förutsättningar som gör att den urskiljer sig från andra branscher. Fastighetsbolag har generellt sett en hög belåning för att möjliggöra de kapitalkrävande investeringar som fastigheter innebär. Fastighetsbolagen har därför vanligtvis en kapitalstruktur med stor andel främmande kapital, vilket medför att tillgång till externt kapital och en fungerande finansiell marknad är närmast ett livsvillkor bolagen. Utifrån den bakgrunden ansåg jag att det borde vara intressant att undersöka hur den finansiella situationen i börsnoterade fastighetsbolag har påverkats och utvecklats under finanskrisen. Syfte: Uppsatsens syfte är att beskriva och förklara hur den finansiella situationen i börsnoterade fastighetsbolag har påverkats och utvecklats under den senaste finanskrisen. Vidare syftar studien till att förklara hur finanskrisen har påverkat bolagens finansiella ställning. Studien syftar även till att bidra med i någon mån ökad förståelse för hur börsnoterade fastighetsbolag påverkas av en finansiell kris. Teori: Den teoretiska referensramen behandlar fyra olika temaområden bestående av teori som förklarar kapitalstruktur, finansiella nyckeltal, värderingsteori samt redovisning i fastighetsbolag. Teoriområdet kring kapitalstruktur belyser dels kapitalstruktur som begrepp, men även de teorier som traditionellt förknippas med kapitalstruktur. Redovisning i fastighetsbolag fokuseras på den internationella standarden IAS 40, som tillämpas vid redovisning och värdering förvaltningsfastigheter. Metod: För uppsatsen har en kvantitativ metod använts där 17 fastighetsbolag noterade på NASDAQ OMX Stockholm har studerats. Analysen grundar sig på insamlad data från fastighetsbolagens årsredovisningar för år 2006 till 2010. Resultat och slutsatser: Studiens resultat visar att fastighetsbolagens soliditet minskade och var lägre under 2008-2010. Studien visade även att belåningsgraden hos fastighetsbolagen ökade under perioden 2007-2010. I undersökningen kunde även en stigande lönsamhet i form av förvaltningsresultat och driftöverskott noteras sedan 2006. Studien visade att bolagen gjorde nettoupptag av lån under samtliga år, med en tydlig minskning 2008-2010. En ökande total skuldsättning kunde även påvisas under hela perioden. Avslutnings vis visade studien att samtliga fastighetsbolag redovisade positiva värdeförändringar på sina förvaltningsfastigheter 2006-2007 och 2010. För främst 2008 men även 2009 redovisade stora flertalet av bolagen en markant negativ värdeförändring på förvaltningsfastigheter. / Background and problem: The financial crisis of 2008-2009 originated from overoptimistic lending and projections of asset prices in real estate and residential markets. The housing bubble that developed during 2001-2006 and the sub-prime lending in the US became known as the main cause and trigger of the financial crisis. The bursting of the housing bubble during 2007 followed by decreased housing prices was the first sign of the upcoming turmoil in the US. The financial crisis was intensified and spread to a global financial crisis and recession when the bank Lehman Brothers declared bankruptcy on September 14th 2008. The financial crisis most likely reached its bottom during 2009, a year that was characterised by halting global credit markets and a synchronised recession among advanced economies. But in 2012 we can still see the affects of the financial crisis with weak growth in the global economy, uncertainty in the finical markets and sovereign debt crisis in the eurozone. The financial crisis made the banks and other lending institutions reluctant to lend money both among themselves and to others, this triggered a credit crunch and halt in the credit markets. Real estate business and real estate firms are characterised by special financial conditions that separates it from other sectors. Real estate firms generally have a high leverage ratio, to enable profitable investments in capital intensive real estate business. Hence real estate firms are known to have a capital structure with a large proportion of debt; as a consequence real estate companies are highly dependent on the supply of external capital, and functioning capital and debt markets are the lifeblood of real estate firms. This unique characteristic of the real estate industry and the companies makes them an interesting area of study, especially during a time with a credit crunch and financial crisis.                          Purpose: The purpose of this bachelor thesis is to describe and explain how the financial situation in listed real estate companies was affected and developed during the last financial crisis. Furthermore the purpose of the study is to explain how the financial crisis has affected the financial position of real estate companies. The study also aims to contribute to more knowledge about how listed real estate companies can be affected by a financial crisis.    Theory: The theoretical framework for the thesis is constituted by four main areas that explains and describes capital structure, financial ratios, asset pricing models and investment property accounting. Methodology: The thesis is based on a quantitative method and approach, where 17 real estate companies listed on NASDAQ OMX Stockholm has been studied. The empirical analysis was based on data collected from annual reports for the years 2006-2010.     Empirical results and conclusions: The study showed a decrease in solidity (equity ratio) during the studied period, and a lower solidity 2008-2010. The study also showed that the real estate companies increased their leverage (debt to real estate value) between 2007 and 2010. The essay also indicated a higher and increased underlying profitability among the companies since 2006. Another result was that the companies increased the total debt, and took up new external debt each year during 2006-2010. Finally the study showed that all companies in the study reported significant gains from fair value of investment property 2006-2007, and losses during 2008 and 2009.

The thesis "Economic Analysis of an Agricultural Company" aims to provide overall evaluation of the financial situation and performance of Zemědělská společnost Kosova Hora, a.s. in the years 2005 2015, applying standard methods of financial analysis. The aim was achieved by applying a ratio analysis, credibility and bankruptcy models, economic value added (EVA), analysis of operational indicators, inter-company comparisons based on selected criteria and evaluation of the project of constructing a biogas station. In all these areas the company was compared with a selection of other agricultural companies. Based on the results summarized in the concluding chapter, the analysed company scored very high both from the financial and operational perspectives.

This thesis evaluates the financial performance of selected firm during the period of ten years. For the purpose of this thesis were used known methods and tools of financial analysis. The source of the financial analysis were the data from the annual reports of the company. Based on the results obtained was reviewed the company's financial situation and were suggested measures that could lead to the improvement of its economic and financial situation.

This diploma thesis is dedicated to the Statement of cash flow, its essence, methods of compilation and its use in financial management of an enterprise. In the first part of the thesis there in an introduction of the theory, which are subsequently applied on a selected group of business subjects. For every enterprise there are composed Statements of cash flow in the time interval of five years from 2012 to 2016. Difference between the composed Statements and official Statements of the enterprises are then found and explained. Another partial aim of the thesis is finding of the correlation coefficient between operating cash flow and other significant economic fundamentals. It the last part there are calculated financial ratios based on the value of cash flow on the one hand - and on the value of operating profit on the other hand. In conclusion of the thesis there is comprehensive data analysis. Finally, the link between the results of the analysis and the current situation on the market is found.

This thesis asses the financial health of the company in the years 2002 – 2005 at the basis of sesected methods of the financial analysis. It comprieses proposals of possible solutions of identified problems which should result in the improvement of financial situation and ensurance of financial stability of the firm in future years.

The purpose of this thesis is to analyse the problems related to the company´s financial position and was executed based on information from annual report. The diploma work contains drafts for the improvement of the current position, which should be made to increase the market value in the long time period, the basic goal of each firm.

This master’s thesis analyses problems connected with financial managing of the company BAUER-AGROMILK Inc. through basic methods of the technical financial analysis. It includes proposal financial strategy of the company.