This study is an effort to add to the body of evidence for or against the validity of the concept of Interchange Compatibility as a factor in the goal achievement and cohesion of a group.

Concerning the present study, if in the test result of psychotic patients there is some distortion of reality concepts, as is generally expected, then their scores on any personality scale should vary considerably from norms established on the same test by "normal" subjects.

Altruism is loosely defined as a desire to help others as well as acts and behaviors towards that end, particularly when no expectation of personal gain or reward exists (Batson, Fultz, Schoenrade & Paduano, 1987). It seems likely that individuals who choose to pursue acareer in counseling might be doing so out of some altruistic interest; in other words a desire to come to the aid of others in distress. It has been noted as well that some individuals may enter the counseling profession based more on self-interest; for example, as "wounded healers" hoping to work on personal issues (Wheeler, 2002). Some researchers (Shapiro &Gabbard, 1996) hypothesize that overstated altruism may lead to burn-out and fatigue among some counselors whereas those who have limited altruism may have difficulties empathizing with clients. Despite the apparent relevance of altruism to counseling as a profession, very few studies have investigated the level of altruism among those in the field. The primary purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between altruism and personality variables in beginning counseling students. It is currently unclear to what extent altruism is a state (situational) vs. a trait (inherent). Grasping a greater sense of what constitutes altruistic behavior among beginning counseling students may benefit researchers in understanding the potential difficulties Shapiro & Gabbard (1996) suggest; i.e., burn-out, limited empathy or even self-gratification. The population in this study was 87 students entering a Master's degree in Counselor Education at a large, public institution in the Southeastern Unites States. The subjects completed the following assessments at orientation to their program: The Robinson-Heintzelman Inventory (an instrument designed to study altruism vs. self-interest in counselor education students), the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) and the Fundamental Interpersonal Relations Orientation-Behavior (FIRO-B). It was hypothesized that higher scores on altruism would correlate with the intuitive and feeling dimensions of the MBTI and low scores on wanted inclusion, wanted affection and expressed control on the FIRO-B. The hypotheses were not supported in this study; the only finding of statistical significance was the correlation between the thinking dimension of the MBTI and the total score on the RHI. Suggestions for future research are discussed.

No description available.

It is the basic assumption of this study that a relationship exists between the interpersonal needs of inclusion, control, and affection and occupational choice as indicated by college major. Studies in the area of vocational choice have largely dealt with people who are practicing the vocation, leaving doubt as to whether people are attracted to the vocation as a result of need-satisfaction behavior, or whether the people determine their orientation by practicing the occupation. The need for further clarification of these questions was recognized, and this study was an effort to add to the evidence for or against the validity of the concept of interpersonal need satisfaction as a factor in vocational choice.

This paper aims at therapeutic relationship of adolescents, specifically at therapeutic alliance, which is factor often connected to successful outcome of therapy. The main research goal of this study was to explore therapeutic alliance with adolescents within the Day care centre for adolescents with mental health difficulties and understand how they perceive therapists and their work. The first part of this paper is describing concept of alliance from historical perspective, types of alliance are presented as well as factors on both side of therapeutic process involved in forming of the alliances. Further it presents specifics of alliance in group therapy and in adolescent patients. For research purposes, we chose to use semi structured interview. We were inspired by official tools for measuring this concept. The FIRO-B inventory was added to see, how adolescents form their relations with others, and what do they expect from others in terms of relationships. The purpose for using this tool was to see how their interpersonal orientation could be connected to forming of alliances with therapists. 7 adolescents participated in this study and their data were processed by qualitative approach, specifically by repeating themes analysis. The result of this analysis showed two main categories: "Goals" and...

Thesis (Ed. D.)--Illinois State University, 1974. / Title from title page screen, viewed Nov. 3, 2004. Dissertation Committee: Clayton Thomas (chair), Elwood Egelston, Gary Ramseyer, Mort Waimon, Ronald Laymon. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 104-108) and abstract. Also available in print.

This research paper describes what role interpersonal communication plays in coping with and accepting job loss. The study is framed by theories of stress, appraisal, coping, and the theory of Fundamental Interpersonal Relations Orientation (FIRO), where aspects of control, inclusion, and affection are achieved through interpersonal communication. Using a combination of surveys and in-depth interviews, two groups of copers were determined: healthy and unhealthy. Then, messages were themed and communication strategies were extracted, to establish what helps a person to thrive or not thrive through a layoff experience. A majority of healthy coping subjects showed solid social support and/or interpersonal communication elements of FIRO-B. Within those categories of FIRO-B, this study shows laid off workers – with purposeful interpersonal communication containing characteristics of affirmation, belonging & acceptance, encouragement, problem solving, trust, elevation, and reverence – are able to focus on opportunities which facilitate their ability to cope effectively with a layoff. Keywords: job loss, layoff, unemployment, stress, appraisal, acceptance, coping, thriving, support, interpersonal communication, self-efficacy, Fundamental Interpersonal Relations Orientation (FIRO)