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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Agronomic aspects of crambe in the state of Cearà / Aspctos agronÃmicos do crambe no estado do CearÃ.

Karla Pollyanna de Carvalho Nascimento 30 July 2015 (has links)
CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior / This study aimed to evaluate the physiological and productive potential of crambe, being conducted two experiments where the first was tested the viability of crambe seeds stored in different environments and packages aimed at their preservation during storage. The second evaluated the agronomic performance of crambe, through productivity in bulk and oil in different combinations of fertilizers and spacings. The experimental design used in the first experiment was completely randomized in split plot scheme, with four replications, with the share storage environments (natural, cold and freezer chamber), the subplots packaging (paper, black polyethylene, transparent polyethylene and pet bottle) and the subsubplots storage periods (0, 2, 4, 6 and 8 months). Every two months the seeds were submitted to the determination of water content and germination, germination speed index, accelerated aging, emergency speed index and electrical conductivity. Not recommended the use of paper as packaging of the seeds in natural environment for long periods of storage. When storing the seeds in plastic bottles during the storage period, it is recommended to use the freezer, since the rates of germination rate and germination rate is maintained for a longer period of storage. The electrical conductivity increases linearly during the storage period, there may be a compromise in the quality of seeds, and the polyethylene packaging more efficient for packaging seeds, to reduce the damage that variable. The polyethylenes were presented as the most efficient packaging for packaging crambe seed, especially in black color and when using the cold chamber as the storage environment. In the second experiment, the experimental design was randomized blocks in a 4x4 factorial design with four replications. The factors studied were four row spacings (15, 20, 25, 30 cm) and 4 NPK combinations for fertilizers (C0 = without fertilizer; C1 = minimum; C2 = average; C3 = recommended maximum). Grain yield was evaluated (kg ha-1) and oil (L.ha-1) as well as seed oil content (%). Unfertilized maximum grain yield was 1494.58 kg ha-1, using 21.50 cm spacing, while fertilizing with maximum recommendations of NPK, productivity increased to 1938.44 kg ha-1 of grain in smaller spacing (16,40cm). With respect to oil productivity it was observed that there was no reason to use 17,37cm spacing above, since the productivity that will not exceed 427.06 L.ha-1. The maximum capacity of the seed oil yield was 26.76%, is not recommended to use values ​​above the minimum of NPK in the soil, which will lead to decrease in this revenue. The recommended spacing between lines for crambe culture is 16 cm to 17 cm, applying a minimum fertilizer NPK, as will occur higher productivity and yield of oil, while for higher grain should apply the maximum NPK in the soil. Unfertilized the crambe culture present better results if grown with spacing of 21 cm / Objetivou-se avaliar o potencial fisiolÃgico e produtivo do crambe, sendo realizados dois experimentos, onde no primeiro foi testado a viabilidade das sementes de crambe armazenadas em diferentes ambientes e embalagens, visando a sua conservaÃÃo durante o armazenamento. No segundo avaliou-se o desempenho agronÃmico do crambe, atravÃs da produtividade em massa e Ãleo, em diferentes combinaÃÃes de adubaÃÃo e espaÃamentos. O delineamento experimental utilizado no primeiro experimento foi o inteiramente casualizado, no esquema de parcelas subsubdivididas, com quatro repetiÃÃes, sendo a parcela os ambientes de armazenamento (natural, cÃmara fria e freezer), nas subparcelas as embalagens (papel, polietileno preto, polietileno transparente e garrafa pet) e nas subsubparcelas os perÃodos de armazenamento (0, 2, 4, 6 e 8 meses). A cada dois meses as sementes foram submetidas à determinaÃÃo do teor de Ãgua e aos testes de germinaÃÃo, Ãndice de velocidade de germinaÃÃo, envelhecimento acelerado, Ãndice de velocidade de emergÃncia e condutividade elÃtrica. NÃo se recomenda a utilizaÃÃo de papel como embalagem das sementes em ambiente natural, por longos perÃodos de armazenamento. Ao se armazenar as sementes em garrafas de polietileno ao longo do perÃodo de armazenamento, recomenda-se utilizar a cÃmara fria, jà que os Ãndices de velocidade de germinaÃÃo e taxa de germinaÃÃo sÃo mantidos por um perÃodo maior de armazenamento. A condutividade elÃtrica aumenta linearmente no decorrer do perÃodo de armazenamento, podendo haver um comprometimento na qualidade das sementes, sendo as embalagens de polietilenos as mais eficientes para o acondicionamento das sementes, por reduzir o prejuÃzo nessa variÃvel. Os polietilenos se apresentaram como as embalagens mais eficientes para o acondicionamento das sementes de crambe, principalmente na coloraÃÃo preta e quando se utiliza a cÃmara fria como ambiente de armazenamento. No segundo experimento, o delineamento experimental utilizado foi em blocos casualizados, em esquema fatorial 4x4 com 4 repetiÃÃes. Os fatores estudados foram 4 espaÃamentos entre linhas (15; 20; 25; 30 cm) e 4 combinaÃÃes de NPK para adubaÃÃo (C0 = sem adubaÃÃo; C1= mÃnimos; C2= mÃdios; C3= mÃximos recomendados). Foram avaliadas as produtividades de grÃos (kg.ha-1) e Ãleo (L.ha-1), bem como teor de Ãleo das sementes (%). Sem adubaÃÃo a produtividade mÃxima de grÃos foi de 1.494,58 kg.ha-1, utilizando 21,50 cm de espaÃamento, enquanto adubando com as recomendaÃÃes mÃximas de NPK, a produtividade aumentou para 1.938,44 kg.ha-1 de grÃos em menor espaÃamento (16,40cm). Com relaÃÃo à produtividade do Ãleo observou-se que nÃo se justifica utilizar espaÃamento acima de 17,37cm, jà que a referida produtividade nÃo irà ultrapassar 427,06 L.ha-1. A capacidade mÃxima de rendimento de Ãleo nas sementes foi de 26,76%, nÃo sendo recomendado utilizar valores acima do mÃnimo de NPK no solo, o que acarretarà diminuiÃÃo nesse rendimento. O espaÃamento recomendado entre linhas para a cultura do crambe à de 16 cm a 17 cm, aplicando-se uma adubaÃÃo mÃnima de NPK, jà que ocorrerÃo maior produtividade e rendimento de Ãleo, enquanto para a maior produtividade de grÃos deve-se aplicar o mÃximo de NPK no solo. Sem adubaÃÃo a cultura do crambe apresentarà melhores resultados se cultivada com espaÃamento entre linhas de 21 cm
2

Testes de vigor para avalia??o da qualidade de sementes de crambe (Crambe abyssinica Hochst). / Vigor tests assessing the quality of crambe seeds.

Cruz, Sara Michelly 19 February 2013 (has links)
Submitted by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-02-27T13:30:36Z No. of bitstreams: 5 54.pdf: 760236 bytes, checksum: c96473cb1f96d0ebd32276b921d2f10d (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-02-27T19:26:35Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 5 54.pdf: 760236 bytes, checksum: c96473cb1f96d0ebd32276b921d2f10d (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-02-27T19:26:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 5 54.pdf: 760236 bytes, checksum: c96473cb1f96d0ebd32276b921d2f10d (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (Capes) / Funda??o de Amparo ? Pesquisa do estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG) / A cultura do crambe (Crambe abyssinica Hochst) tem se destacado no cen?rio nacional pelo seu potencial para produ??o de biodiesel devido ? facilidade de cultivo, qualidade do ?leo e possibilidades de uso dos subprodutos da extra??o do ?leo. Para o estabelecimento da cultura no pa?s ? necess?rio que sejam usadas sementes de qualidade. No entanto, as informa??es sobre metodologias para avalia??o da qualidade de sementes dessa cultura s?o escassas. Dessa forma, objetivou-se adequar as metodologias dos testes de envelhecimento acelerado e condutividade el?trica para avalia??o do vigor de sementes de crambe e investigar a atividade enzim?tica em rela??o ?s diferen?as de vigor. Foram utilizados cinco lotes de sementes da cultivar FMS Brilhante das safras 2008, 2009, 2010 e 2011. Foram realizadas a caracteriza??o morfol?gica de sementes e pl?ntulas e a composi??o centesimal da semente de crambe. Para caracteriza??o do perfil dos lotes realizou-se a determina??o do grau de umidade e os testes de primeira contagem de germina??o, germina??o, ?ndice de velocidade de germina??o, emerg?ncia, estande inicial, ?ndice de velocidade de emerg?ncia e sanidade. Foi tamb?m realizada a an?lise eletrofor?tica das isoenzimas super?xido dismutase, esterase, catalase, ?lcool desidrogenase e malato desidrogenase. Para o teste de envelhecimento acelerado, as sementes foram submetidas ao m?todo tradicional e com solu??o saturada de NaCl, pelos per?odos de envelhecimento de 0; 24; 48; 72 e 96 horas. No teste de condutividade el?trica, as sementes foram submetidas aos per?odos de 2; 4; 6; 8; 10; 12; 14; 16 e 18 horas de embebi??o utilizando-se 25 sementes em 25 mL e 50 mL e 50 sementes em 50 mL e 75 mL. Concluiu-se que ? poss?vel avaliar o vigor de sementes de crambe pelo m?todo tradicional do teste de envelhecimento acelerado a 42 ?C por 96 horas. O teste de condutividade el?trica n?o foi adequado para avalia??o da qualidade fisiol?gica de crambe. Quando associado ? atividade das isoenzimas observou-se que o lote de maior vigor teve maior atividade dos grupos enzim?ticos super?xido dismutase, catalase e esterase. O lote de menor vigor n?o teve atividade das enzimas isocitrato liase e ?lcool desidrogenase. N?o houve altera??o na atividade da isoenzima malato desidrogenase. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Produ??o Vegetal, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2013. / ABSTRACT Crambe (Crambe abyssinica Hochst) has been highlighted in the national scenery for its potential in producing biodiesel due to its ease of cultivation, quality of the oil and possibilities of use of the oil extraction byproducts. In order to establish the culture in the Country, the use of quality seeds is necessary. However, the information on methodologies for seed quality evaluation for this culture is scarce. Thus, we aimed at adapting the methodologies to the accelerated aging and electric conductivity tests to evaluate the vigor of crambe seeds and investigate the enzymatic activity in relation to the vigor differences. Five seed lots of cultivar FMS Brilhante of the 2008, 2009, 2010 and 2011 harvests were used. We performed the morphologic characterization of seeds and seedlings and the centesimal composition of crambe seeds. For the profile characterization of the lots, we performed the determination of the humidity degree and the tests for first germination count, germination, germination speed index, emergence, initial stand, emergence speed index and sanity. We also performed the electrophoretic analysis of the superoxide dismutase, esterase, catalase, alcohol dehydrogenase and malate dehydrogenase isoenzymes. For the accelerated aging test, the seeds were submitted to the traditional method and with NaCl saturated solution, for the aging periods of 0; 24; 48; 72 and 96 hours. In the electrical conductivity test, the seeds were submitted to the periods of 2; 4; 6; 8; 10; 12; 14; 16 and 18 hours of soaking using 25 seeds in 25 mL and 50 mL, and 50 seeds in 50 mL and 75 mL. We concluded that it is possible to evaluate crambe seed vigor by the traditional method of the accelerated aging test at 42 oC for 96 hours. The electric conductivity test was not adequate for evaluating crambe physiological quality. When associated with isoenzymes activity, we observed that the lot with highest vigor presented the highest activity of the superoxide dismutase, catalase and esterase isoenzymes groups. The lot of lowest vigor did not present activity of the isocitrate liase and alcohol dehydrogenase enzymes. There was no interaction of the activity of the malate dehydrogenase isoenzymes.

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