One of the key responsibilities of Getinge's ventilators is to deliver accurate gas volumes to patients. To ensure this precision, specially designed rigid steel tanks are utilized to evaluate the performance and precision of the ventilators in providing exact air volume. The intention of this study is to design and implement a suitable controller for actuating a servo piston pump in order to be used for the tank volume measuring and calibration process. Two controlling strategies were chosen for this purpose: Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR) and Fractional Order Proportional Integral Derivative (FOPID). This work also aimed to establish a narrative of the two controlling strategies after optimizing them using genetic algorithm optimization (GA) and evaluating their effectiveness in controlling a brushless DC motor (BLDC) actuating a servo piston pump. This involved modeling the system in Matlab and Simulink based on the mathematical representations of the system's dynamics, specifically focusing on its pneumatic behavior. The nonlinear model was linearized and served as a basis for the controllers' optimization through the genetic algorithm. Both controller designs were then compared in both the Simulink environment and the actual physical system. The results show that the FOPID exhibits superior performance in the Simulink environment. Contrariwise, the LQR displays a far greater level of superiority in the physical system, whereas the FOPID performance significantly deteriorated upon implementation in the physical system. Furthermore, the study suggests implementing anti-windup techniques and ensuring the accurate digitization of fractional calculus for further research to enhance the performance of the FOPID controller on the physical system. / En av de centrala uppgifterna för Getinges ventilatorer är att leverera exakta gasvolymer till patienter. För att säkerställa denna precision används speciellt designade ståltankar för att bedöma ventilatorernas funktion och precision att leverera exakt luftvolym. Syftet med denna studie är att utforma och implementera en lämplig Styrenhet för att aktivera en servokolvspump som ska användas för tankvolymens mätning och kalibreringsprocess. Två styrstrategier valdes för detta ändamål: Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR) och Fractional Order Proportional Integral Derivative (FOPID). Arbetet kommer också att syfta till att etablera ett narrativ för de två styrstrategierna efter att ha optimerat dem med genetisk algoritmoptimering (GA) och utvärderat deras effektivitet vid styrning av en borstlös DC-motor som aktiverar en servokolvspump. Detta innefattade modellering av systemet i Matlab och Simulink baserat på de matematiska representationerna av systemdynamiken, med speciellt fokus på dess pneumatiska beteende. Den icke-linjära modellen linjäriserades och fungerade som grund för regulatorernas optimering genom den genetiska algoritmen (GA). Båda regulatorernas utformningar jämfördes sedan både i Simulink-miljön och det fysiska systemet. Resultaten visar att FOPID uppvisar överlägsen prestanda i Simulink-miljön. Å andra sidan visar sig LQR vara överlägsen i det fysiska systemet, medan FOPID-prestandan försämras avsevärt vid implementering i det fysiska systemet. Dessutom föreslår studien att implementera anti-windup-tekniker och säkerställa korrekt digitalisering av fraktionell kalkyl för vidare forskning för att förbättra prestanda för FOPID-regulatorn på det fysiska systemet.

<div>In this thesis work, a novel approach for the design of a fractional order proportional integral</div><div>derivative (FOPID) controller is proposed. This design introduces a new time-varying FOPID controller</div><div>to mitigate a voltage spike at the controller output whenever a sudden change to the setpoint occurs. The</div><div>voltage spike exists at the output of the proportional integral derivative (PID) and FOPID controllers when a</div><div>derivative control element is involved. Such a voltage spike may cause a serious damage to the plant if it is</div><div>left uncontrolled. The proposed new FOPID controller applies a time function to force the derivative gain to</div><div>take effect gradually, leading to a time-varying derivative FOPID (TVD-FOPID) controller, which maintains</div><div>a fast system response and signi?cantly reduces the voltage spike at the controller output. The time-varying</div><div>FOPID controller is optimally designed using the particle swarm optimization (PSO) or genetic algorithm</div><div>(GA) to ?nd the optimum constants and time-varying parameters. The improved control performance is</div><div>validated through controlling the closed-loop DC motor speed via comparisons between the TVD-FOPID</div><div>controller, traditional FOPID controller, and time-varying FOPID (TV-FOPID) controller which is created</div><div>for comparison with all three PID gain constants replaced by the optimized time functions. The simulation</div><div>results demonstrate that the proposed TVD-FOPID controller not only can achieve 80% reduction of voltage</div><div>spike at the controller output but also is also able to keep approximately the same characteristics of the system</div><div>response in comparison with the regular FOPID controller. The TVD-FOPID controller using a saturation</div><div>block between the controller output and the plant still performs best according to system overshoot, rise time,</div><div>and settling time.</div>