<p>U radu se analiziraju agroekonomski faktori odrţivog razvoja na primeru regiona Fru&scaron;ke gore. Potreba za istraţivanjem ovih faktora polazi od ĉinjenice da je poljoprivreda najzastupljenija delatnost u ovom regionu, taĉnije u njegovoj za&scaron;titnoj zoni. Identifikovanje i kvantifikovanje agroekonomskih faktora putem relevantnih indikatora odrţive poljoprivrede pro&scaron;ireno je i na aspekt ruralnog razvoja. U radu je dat pregled vladajuće literature, kao i veći broj metodologija odrţivog razvoja, odrţive poljoprivrede i ruralnog razvoja. Prikazani su razliĉiti pristupi u regionalne ekonomije i oceni regionalne konkurentnosti ruralnih podruĉja u cilju sveobuhvatne analize posmatrane problematike. Date su karakteristike istraţivanog prostora na primeru Fru&scaron;ke gore (potencijala za odrţivi razvoj, profili op&scaron;tina/gradova koji ulaze u obuhvat ovog regiona, kao i prikaz odrţivih opredeljenja za sve delatnosti). Na osnovu dostupnih podataka analiziran je uticaj pojedinih agroekonomskih faktora odrţivog razvoja regiona Fru&scaron;ke gore, i data je procena njihovog daljeg delovanja u budućem periodu, uz uvaţavanje ostalih ekonomskih pokazatelja Republike Srbije i AP Vojvodine. U dokazivanju ili opovrgavanju hipoteza, osim identifikacije agroekonomskih faktora odrţivog razvoja, kori&scaron;ćeno je anketno istraţivanje svih zainteresovanih subjekata u regionu Fru&scaron;ke gore. Isto tako, izloţene su ideje i predlozi za buduća istraţivanja i predloţen je model koji bi na najoptimalniji naĉin valorizovao sve potencijale Fru&scaron;ke gore, a prvenstveno onih koji su u funkciji unapreĊenja poljoprivrede, ruralnog i odrţivog razvoja.</p> / <p>This paper analyses agrieconomics factors of sustainable development in the case of region of Fru&scaron;ka gora. The need for research on these factors comes from the fact that agriculture is the most common activity in the region, specifically in its protective zone. An identifying and quantifying agrieconomics factor through relevant indicators of sustainable agriculture has been extended to an aspect of rural development. The paper gives an overview of the actual literature, and a number of methodologies for sustainable development, sustainable agriculture and rural development. Different theoretical approaches of the regional economy and the assessment of regional competitiveness of rural areas are presented, in order a comprehensive analysis of the observed issues. The characteristics of the area in the case of Fru&scaron;ka gora are presented (potential for sustainable development, profiles of municipalities/cities which are located in the scope of this region, as well as the sustainable orientation for all business activity). Based on available data, was analysed the influence of the certain agrieconomics factors of sustainable development of the region of Fru&scaron;ka gora, and assessment of their impact in the following period, together with other economic indicators of the Republic of Serbia and AP Vojvodina. In proving or disproving the hypothesis, except the identification agrieconomics factors of sustainable development, the research by a survey questionnaire of all stakeholders in the region of Fru&scaron;ka gora was used. Also, the ideas and suggestions for future research are expressed and a model that would optimally valorised all potentials of Fru&scaron;ka gora is proposed, primarily those that are aimed at improving the agricultural, rural and sustainable development.</p>

Globally fish production has continued to increase during recent years at a rate exceeding that of human population growth. However the contribution from capture fisheries has remained largely static since the late 1980s with the increase in production being accounted for by dramatic growth in the aquaculture sector. As of 2012 aquaculture accounted for approximately 42% of total fisheries production and 78% of inland fish production. In view of these figures it is unsurprising that for a number of regions aquaculture represents an important source of both food security and income. The use of Geographical Information Systems (GIS) and spatial data have seen substantial developments in recent years with the help of increasingly affordable computing capacity. From an aquaculture perspective the use of GIS has shown significant potential as a means of combining varied data sources, including those acquired via remote sensing, into models to provide decision support in relation to site selection. A common theme amongst site suitability assessments is the incorporation of climate variables relating to temperature and water availability. These factors in turn can have a significant influence on aquaculture in terms of water availability and quality, and temperature modulated growth performance. There is now a strong consensus that during the 20th century, and especially during recent decades, the earth has experienced a significant warming trend. There is also strong agreement that this warming trend is at least partially a consequence of anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions and that some degree of further warming is inevitable. While global warming is typically discussed in terms of degrees centigrade of average global temperature increase the full effects in terms of climate changes will be varied both in terms of location and season. The current project focuses on site suitability for aquaculture in relation to changing climate conditions. Significant use is made of GIS and a range of spatial data including remotely sensed data and output from a series of climate models. The project consists of a number of key components: 1. Vulnerability of aquaculture related livelihoods to climate change was assessed at the global scale based on the concept of vulnerability to climate related impacts as a function of sensitivity to climate change, exposure to climate change, and adaptive capacity. Use was made of national level statistics along with gridded climate and population data. Climate change scenarios were supplied using the MAGICC/SCENGEN climate modelling tools. Analysis was conducted for aquaculture in freshwater, brackish, and marine environments with outputs represented as a series of raster images. A number of Asian countries (Vietnam, Bangladesh, Laos, and China) were indicated as most vulnerable to impacts on freshwater production. Vietnam, Thailand, Egypt and Ecuador stood out in terms of brackish water production. Norway and Chile were considered most vulnerable to impacts on Marine production while a number of Asian countries (China, Vietnam, and the Philippines) also ranked highly. 2. Site suitability for pond-based aquaculture was modelled at the global scale using a 10 arcsecond grid. Data from an ensemble of 13 climate models was used to model pond temperature and water availability for rain fed ponds under late 20th century conditions and for a 2°C global warming scenario. Two methods are demonstrated for combining data with a focus on the culture of warm water species. Results suggest both positive and negative impacts in relation to the 2°C warming scenario depending on location and season. Some areas are projected to see negative effects from maximum temperatures during the warmest parts of the year while for many regions there are likely to be potential increases in growth performance during colder months with possible expansion into previously unsuitable areas. 3. Methods for detecting surface water using remotely sensed data were investigated for Bangladesh. Use was made of data from the Moderate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) and Landsat ETM+ instruments with accuracy assessed against ground truth data collected in the field. A time series was constructed using all available MODIS data (approximately 13 years with an 8 day temporal resolution) to show areas of: surface water, land, and mixed land and water. The time series was then analysed to produce a layer showing the percentage of the total time series where surface water is indicated thus providing a spatial representation of flood prevalence. 4. A land cover data set was produced using 9 Landsat ETM+ scenes to cover the majority of Bangladesh. 10 different classification routines were evaluated including a decision tree approach unique to the current study. Classification results were assessed against two sets of ground control points produced: one based on field collected ground truth data and the other using a stratified random sampling procedure in association with visual analysis of high resolution true colour satellite images and ETM+ composites. The most accurate classifications were provided by the decision tree method developed for the current study and a Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) neural network based classifier. 5. Site suitability for pond-based aquaculture within Bangladesh was assessed using a GIS in combination with the ETM+ based land cover data, the MODIS based surface water time series, and components of the global site suitability assessment including modelled pond temperature data. Assessments were made based on late 20th century conditions and a 2°C global warming scenario. The MODIS surface water time series was also used to show the effects of storm surge flooding in relation to cyclone Aila that struck Bangladesh on 25th May 2009. The south and east of the country were considered most suitable for aquaculture due to more favourable cold season temperatures and higher water balance values. The north west of the country was considered least favourable due to higher maximum modelled pond temperatures and lower water balance values. The effect of the 2°C warming scenario was to enhance these trends. To date the potential spatial implications of changing climate for aquaculture has been significantly under researched. In this respect the current study provides a highly useful indication of where aquaculture related livelihoods may be vulnerable. In addition valuable and unique insights are provided into the distribution of areas of both potential increased, as well as decreased, suitability for existing aquaculture and further aquaculture development.

- Typology of rural space in the Pilsen Region and evaluation of soft factors of the development Presented diploma thesis deals with an important theme of rural differentiation. The goal is to create a typology of rural space within the Pilsen Region by potential of the development using quantitative data and then verify the typology by qualitative research of soft factors. The verification consists firstly in research of perception and regional identity of rural regions from the point of view of actors involved in rural development within the Pilsen Region and secondly in evaluation of appearance of chosen rural municipalities to observe the differences of each type. Theoretical part is focused on issues of differentiation of space, institutional theories with accent on application in the rural areas and rural development issues. Analytical part consists of created typology using component and cluster analysis. Further it presents the results of analysis of perception and regional identity of rural regions using method of semi-structured interviews and results of analysis of appearance of municipalities using standardized observation. The outcome is a compact typology created by combination of quantitative and qualitative data with suggestions of specific development possibilities of each type....

В современной экономике малое предпринимательство играет большую роль как в создании рабочих мест в регионах, так и в создании ВВП. Однако в России малое предпринимательство сталкивается со многими проблемами, поэтому необходимо понять, какие именно региональные факторы способствуют развитию малого бизнеса. Целью магистерской диссертации является разработка эконометрической модели для оценки влияния региональных факторов на развитие малого предпринимательства в регионах России. Анализ, проведенный в работе, основывается на изучении зарубежной и отечественной литературы по теме малого предпринимательства. В качестве источников информации использовались данные Федеральной службы государственной статистики, ФНС и Единой межведомственной информационно-статистической системы (ЕМИСС). В ходе написания магистерской диссертации была разработана и апробирована эконометрическая модель для оценки влияния региональных факторов на развитие малого предпринимательства в России и ее регионах, которая предназначена выявить, какие факторы являются основополагающими для развития малого предпринимательства в регионах России. Основываясь на полученные результаты исследования, были предложены рекомендации по совершенствованию государственной политики, направленной на стимулирование развития малого предпринимательства. / In nowadays economy small entrepreneurship play a huge role both in employment providing and contribution to GDP. However, small entrepreneurship in Russian economy faces many problems. That is why it is important to understand which regional factors particularly support small business development. The aim of the master thesis is to develop an econometric model for assessment of impact of regional factors on small entrepreneurship in Russian regions. The analysis, provided in the work, is based on Russian and foreign literature on the topic of small enterprises. As information sources Federal State Statistics Service, Federal Tax Service of Russia and Unified intra-departmental information-statistical system were used. During the work on master thesis an econometric model for assessment of regional factors influence on small entrepreneurship in Russia and its regions was developed and tested. The model is demanded to determine which factors are main for small entrepreneurship development in Russian regions. According to the results of research, recommendations on governmental policy improvement were suggested, which has to stimulate small business development.

Das automatisierte Fahren hat bereits den Weg auf den kommerziellen Markt geschafft und weiterer Fortschritt kann in naher Zukunft erwartet werden. Das Level 3 des automatisierten Fahrens verspricht steigende Sicherheit, Komfort und Verkehrseffizienz. Für den menschlichen Fahrer sind diese Funktionen und damit einhergehende Nutzerschnittstellen eine neuartige Technologie. Im Bereich Human Factors stehen Forschung und Entwicklung vor zwei Herausforderungen, welche (1) der Entwurf von intuitiven und einfach bedienbaren Nutzerschnittstellen und (2) die Entwicklung von Methoden zur Bewertung ebendieser sind. Bei der Bewertung von Technologie wurde bereits häufig auf die sogenannte Preference-Performance Dissoziation aufmerksam gemacht. Diese beschreibt das Ergebnis von Nutzerstudien, in denen die Präferenz (Selbstbericht) der Nutzer nicht mit deren Leistung (beobachtbares Verhalten) übereinstimmt. Dieses Phänomen stellt eine Gefährdung für die Bewertung von Nutzerschnittstellen beim automatisierten Fahren dar. Aufgrund dessen berichtet die vorliegende Dissertation zunächst Untersuchungen zur Messbarmachung von Präferenz und Leistung. Zudem wurde das Verständnis von automatisierten Systemen (mentales Modell) als ein wichtiger Einflussfaktor zur Entstehung des beobachtbaren Verhaltens angenommen und mit in die Arbeiten eingeschlossen. Mithilfe der gewonnenen Erkenntnisse der Messbarmachung widmete sich der zweite Teil der Dissertation den Faktoren, die einen Einfluss auf das Entstehen von Präferenz und/oder Leistung ausüben. Untersuchte Faktoren waren die Anzahl an Wiederholungen von Anwendungsfällen, Rückmeldung zur Bedienleistung, Nutzerschulung und eine statistische post-hoc Analyse. Um die Ziele der Messbarmachung und Einflussnahme zu erreichen wurden drei Fahrsimulatorstudien mit insgesamt N=225 Probanden durchgeführt. Die Haupterkenntnisse waren (1) die Entwicklung einer differenzierten Empfehlung von Fragebögen zur Erfassung der Nutzerpräferenz. Außerdem (2) wurden Erkenntnisse der Entwicklung von Verhaltensmaßen über die Zeit sowie deren Zusammenhang zu Präferenzmaßen gewonnen. Betreffend der mentalen Modelle (3) zeigte die vorliegende Arbeit, dass es wiederholter Interaktion bedarf, damit diese sich korrekt entwickeln. Außerdem kann das Verständnis durch Blickverhaltensmaße erfasst werden. Zusätzlich (4) zeigte sich, dass Leistungsrückmeldung Präferenz, nicht aber Leistung selbst beeinflussen kann. Im Gegensatz dazu (5) wirkt sich Nutzerschulung positiv auf die Korrektheit mentaler Modelle und nachfolgend der Nutzerleistung selbst aus, lässt aber Präferenzmaße unbeeinflusst. Abschließend zeigte sich, dass (6) Nutzer verschiedener Leistungsstufen ähnliche Präferenzurteile fällen. Der theoretische Beitrag der vorliegenden Arbeit liegt in den Einblicken in die Entstehung der beiden Datenquellen der Preference-Performance Dissoziation wodurch diese erklärt und vorhergesagt werden kann. Der praktische Beitrag liegt in der Anwendung der Arbeit zur Messbarmachung von Variablen und Empfehlung zum Studiendesign hinsichtlich Anzahl an Messwiederholungen und Nutzerschulung. Abschließend betreffen die hier gewonnenen Erkenntnisse nicht nur die Bewertung von Nutzerschnittstellen beim automatisierten Fahren, sondern können auch auf andere Automationsbereiche der Mensch-Maschine Interaktion wie beispielsweise Luftfahrt, Robotik oder Medizintechnik übertragen werden. / Driving automation systems have already entered the commercial market and further advancements will be introduced in the near future. Level 3 automated driving systems are expected to increase safety, comfort and traffic efficiency. For the human driver, these functions and according human-machine interfaces are a novel technology. In the human factors domain, research and development faces two challenges which are (1) the conceptualization of intuitive and easy to use interfaces and (2) the development of a methodological framework to evaluate these interfaces. In technology evaluation, a methodological phenomenon has frequently been reported which is called the preference-performance dissociation. It describes the outcome of studies where users' preference (i.e., self-report) does not match their performance (i.e., interaction behavior). This phenomenon poses a threat to the evaluation of automated vehicle HMIs. Therefore, the present thesis first reports investigations on how to operationalize both performance and preference. Moreover, the understanding (i.e., mental model) of automated vehicle HMIs was hypothesized as an influential precursor of performance and included in the present work. Using the insights of the operationalization part, the second part of the thesis aimed at finding out about factors that exert influence on preference and/or performance. Investigated factors were the number of use case repetitions, feedback on operator performance, user education and a post-hoc statistical analysis. To reach the operationalization and variation aims, three driving simulator studies with a total of N=225 participants were conducted. The main outcomes were that (1) a sophisticated recommendation regarding preference questionnaire application could be given. Furthermore, (2) insights into the development of behavioral measures over time and their relation to a satisfaction measure could be given. Concerning mental models, (3) the present work showed that it takes repeated interaction to evolve accurately and gaze measures could also be used for capturing these processes. In addition, (4) feedback on operator performance was found to influence preference but not performance while (5) user education increased understanding and subsequent performance but did not affect preference. Eventually it showed that (6) users of different performance levels report similar preference. The theoretical contribution of this work lies in insights into the formation of the two sources of data and its potential to both explain and predict the preference-performance dissociation. The practical contribution lies in the recommendation for research methodology regarding how to operationalize measures and how to design user studies concerning the number of use cases and user education approaches. Finally, the results gained herein do not only apply to automated vehicle HMIs but might also be generalized to related domains such as aviation, robotics or health care.