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Management and outcome after a fall a 6-month prospective study of 54 older men and women presenting to the emergency department /Salter, Allison Elizabeth. January 1900 (has links)
Thesis (M.S.)--University of British Columbia, 2004. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 92-102).
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How the absence of restraints affects falls in the elderlyThacker, Mitzi. January 1900 (has links)
Thesis (M.A.)--Northern Kentucky University, 2006. / Made available through ProQuest. Publication number: AAT 1438634. ProQuest document ID: 1203575541. Includes bibliographical references (p. 62-63)
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Epidemiology of and risk factors for falls among the community-dwelling elderly people in selected districts of Umutara Province, Republic of Rwanda.Ntagungira, Egide Kayonga January 2005 (has links)
Falls among elderly people have been identified as a significant and serious medical problem confronting a growing number of older people. Falls have been found to be a leading cause of disability, distress, admission to supervised care and death among older persons that pose a serious problem to public health. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of and risk factors for falls in the community-dwelling elderly persons in the Umutara province of Rwanda.
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Epidemiology of and risk factors for falls among the community-dwelling elderly people in selected districts of Umutara Province, Republic of Rwanda.Ntagungira, Egide Kayonga January 2005 (has links)
Falls among elderly people have been identified as a significant and serious medical problem confronting a growing number of older people. Falls have been found to be a leading cause of disability, distress, admission to supervised care and death among older persons that pose a serious problem to public health. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of and risk factors for falls in the community-dwelling elderly persons in the Umutara province of Rwanda.
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The development of a fall risk assessment and exercise intervention programme for geriatric subjectsDekenah, Ghabrielle Anne 12 1900 (has links)
Thesis (M Sport Sc)--Stellenbosch University, 2012. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Falling is a common occurrence and one of the most serious problems in the elderly population
(65 years and older). Falls account for 70% of accidental deaths in persons aged 75 years and
older. Falls can be markers/indicators of poor health and declining function, and are often
associated with significant morbidity. More than 90% of hip fractures occur as a result of falls,
with most of these fractures occurring in persons over 70 years of age (Fuller, 2000). About one
third of people aged 65 years and older fall each year, resulting in a substantial decrease in
quality of life in addition to placing a huge burden on current health care systems.
The purpose of this study was to determine whether a 12-week exercise intervention programme,
consisting of two 30 minute exercise sessions a week, could lower the risk of falling in a group
of elderly women. Female subjects (n=22) with an average age of 79.5 years were selected from three retirement
homes situated in Stellenbosch, Western Cape, South Africa, according to specific inclusion and
exclusion criteria. The subjects included presented no major cardiovascular and pulmonary
disease signs and symptoms as recognised by the American College of Sports Medicine (2011);
had no serious illnesses or co-morbidities; were mobile with no significant musculoskeletal
disorders; had no uncorrected visual or vestibular problems as well as no significant cognitive
impairments or major psychological disturbances; were not taking any psychotropic medications
or Benzodiazepines that could affect their progress. Subjects also had to be willing to follow the
12-week exercise intervention programme and sign an informed consent document. The selected
subjects then underwent a pre- and post-intervention assessment consisting of a subjective rating
of their fear of falling, the Fall Risk Assessment: Biodex Balance system, Balance Evaluations
Systems Test (BESTest) and the 30-Second Chair Stand Test. Statistica 10 was used to analyse
the data. Data was analysed to assess any significant improvements that the exercise intervention
had on each fall risk variable tested. The main fall risk variables consisted of: fear of falling,
muscular strength, balance, gait and getting up strategies. Statistically significant improvements (p<0.001) were seen in: Fear of falling, muscular strength,
balance, gait and getting up strategies after the 12-week exercise intervention programme.
This study suggests that exercise intervention has the potential to decrease the risk of falling
among elderly women and should play an extremely important role in the prevention of falling
amongst this population group. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Om te val is ‘n alledaagse gebeurtenis en een van die mees ernstige probleme vir ons bejaarde
bevolking (65 jaar en ouer). Insidente van val verklaar tot 70% van toevallige sterftes met
betrekking tot persone van 75 jarige ouderdom en ouer. Om te val kan ‘n teken van swak
gesondheid en/of ‘n afname in funksionele kapasiteit wees, en is gewoonlik met
morbiditeitspatrone gekoppel. Meer as 90% van heupfrakture kom as gevolg van valle voor,
waar die meeste van die frakture in persone bo 70 jarige ouderdom voorkom (Fuller, 2000).
Minstens een derde van persone bo 65 jaar en ouer val elke jaar, so ‘n val het ‘n
noemenswaardige afname in lewenskwaliteit tot gevolg asook ‘n enorme druk wat op huidige
gesondheidsorg sisteme geplaas word.
Die doel van die studie was om te bepaal of ‘n 12 week oefenintervensieprogram, wat uit twee
oefen sessies van 30 minute elk bestaan, die risiko van val vir n groep bejaarde vroue kan
verlaag. Vroulike individue (n=22) met ‘n gemiddelde ouderdom van 79.5 jaar uit drie ouetehuise/aftree
oorde in Stellenbosch, Wes-Kaap, Suid-Afrika geleë; is volgens bepaalde insluitings- en
uitsluitingskriteria geselekteer. Individue wie ingesluit is het geen tekens of simptome van
grootskaalse kardiovaskulêre of pulmonêre siekte getoon nie, soos herken deur die “American
College of Sports Medicine (2011) ; het aan geen ernstige siektes of ko-morbiditeite gely nie;
kon stap met geen merkwaardige muskulo-skeletale afwykings nie; het geen nie-gekorrigeerde
visie of vestibulêre probleme asook geen beduidende kognitiewe gestremdhede of ernstige
sielkundige steurnisse gehad nie; het nie enige psigotropiese medikasie of Benzodiazepines
geneem wat hul kon beinvloed nie. Individue moes bereid gewees het om die 12 week
oefenintervensieprogram te volg en moes ook ‘n ingeligte toestemmingsvorm onderteken. Die
geselekteerde individue het ‘n pre- en post-intervensie assessering ondergaan wat uit ‘n
subjektiewe bepaling van hul vrees vir val bestaan het, die Val Risiko Assessering asook
“Biodex Balans System Test, Balance Evaluations Systems Test (BESTest)” asook die 30
Sekonde Stoel-staan Toets. Statistica 10 is gebruik om die data te analiseer. Data was geanaliseer
om enige merkwaardige verandering wat die oefenintervensie op elke val risiko veranderlike wat getoets was gehad het, te bepaal. Die belangrikste val risiko veranderlikes het uit: die vrees vir
val, spier sterkte, balans, stappatroon en opstaan tegnieke bestaan.
Betekenisvolle statistiese veranderinge (p<0.001) is gerapporteer in: die vrees vir val,
spiersterkte, balans, stappatroon en opstaan tegnieke na die 12 week oefenintervensieprogram.
Die studie bevind dat die intervensieprogram die potensiaal het om die risiko van val onder
bejaarde vroue te verminder en behoort ‘n uiters belangrike rol in die voorkoming van val onder
die bevolkingsgroep te speel.
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An exploratory study of environmental risk factors to elderly falls inHong Kong: a GIS case study of Mong Kok,2006-2007Low, Chien-tat., 劉振達. January 2008 (has links)
published_or_final_version / Geography / Master / Master of Philosophy
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Balance mechanisms during standing and walking in young and older adultsLee, Sungeun. January 2010 (has links)
Thesis (M.Sc.)--University of Alberta, 2010. / A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Graduate Studies and Research in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Rehabilitation Science, Faculty of Rehabilitation Medicine. Title from pdf file main screen (viewed on February 16, 2010). Includes bibliographical references.
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Cohort study of falls and mortality in Hong Kong elderlyLok, Yin-sun, Viviane., 駱燕生. January 2006 (has links)
published_or_final_version / Community Medicine / Master / Master of Public Health
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A prospective study of functional performance balance self-efficacy, and bone mineral density in community-dwelling elderly womenGunter, Katherine B. 05 September 2002 (has links)
In the United States, falls are the leading cause of unintentional
death with one of every three people 65 years and older falling each year. Falls
account for approximately 95% of hip fractures among older adults and falls to the
side predominate hip fracture related falls in this population. However, risk factors
for side and frequent falls are poorly understood. Furthermore, few data exist to
explain differences in bone mineral density among older postmenopausal women.
In particular, data regarding the timing of hormone replacement therapy (HRT)
among older women is scarce. In the first aim of this dissertation, we examined
changes in mobility and balance-related risk factors for side falls as well as
differences in these risk factors according to fall status in a population of 107
independent, elderly women (>70 yrs), who were followed over 2 years. We found
hip abduction strength decreased (p<.001) in all subjects, with side-fallers
exhibiting weaker hip abduction strength (p=.008), greater sway velocity (p=.027),
and slower performances on the tandem walk (p=.039) and Get Up and Go
(p<.001) compared to non-fallers. For the second study, in the same population, we
examined 2-year changes in balance self-efficacy (BSE) and the relationship of
BSE to side fall risk factors and falls incidence. Results showed BSE at baseline
was predictive of Get Up and Go, hip abduction strength and tandem walk at
follow-up (p<.008), but that BSE decreased only among the non-fallers (p=.013).
In the third study, we examined 3-yr hip bone mineral density (BMD) changes in
women with distinct hormone replacement therapy (HRT) profiles: 1) no hormone
replacement therapy (N0HRT), 2) HRT continually since menopause (Continual),
3) HRT begun 10 years after menopause (Late), 4) HRT initiated within 5 years
(New), and compared the change in BMD of the hip across HRT groups. Only the
NoHRT group lost bone over the 3 years (p=.014). We also assessed BMD of the
lateral spine across levels of estrogen use in a sub-sample of participants and found
long-term HRT users had significantly higher lateral spine BMD (p=.041)
compared to women who had never been on HRT. / Graduation date: 2003
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Retinol intake, bone mineral density and falls in elderly womenGramer, Carrie M. 20 November 2003 (has links)
This study was designed to investigate the relationship between retinol
intake, bone mineral density, and falls in 101 elderly women aged 72 to 90
years (78.6 yrs. �� 4.3 yrs.). Bone mineral density (BMD) (g/cm��) of the
left hip, anterior-posterior lumbar spine (L3), and lateral spine (L3) was
measured using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. Dietary intake and
physical activity were assessed by validated questionnaires (the 100-item
Block Food Frequency Questionnaire and the Physical Activity Scale for
the Elderly, respectively). Isometric hip abduction strength of the right
and left legs was assessed using a hand-held dynamometer. Fall
surveillance was collected using a "postcard" system at three-month
intervals over a two-year period. Multiple regression analyses were used
to show the predictability of retinol, vitamin D, calcium, years past
menopause, years on hormone replacement therapy, and physical activity
on BMD variables. Together, these variables explained 14% of the
variance in total hip BMD at follow-up (R��=0.14, SEE=0.12, p=0.020),
26% of the variance in the anterior-posterior spine BMD at follow-up
BMD (R��=0.26, SEE=0.17, p=0.051), and 33% of the variance in lateral
spine BMD at follow-up (R��=0.33, SEE=0.10, p=0.009). Two-year
changes in hip BMD were poorly predicted using the model with only 5%
of total hip BMD variance being explained by the six independent
variables (R��=0.05, SEE=0.03, p=0.558). Logistic regression was used
to determine whether the likelihood of being a faller vs. a non-faller could
be predicted from a model using retinol, vitamin D, average hip strength,
and physical activity. It was shown that 11.5% of the variability in fall
status could be explained by the model (Cox & Snell's R��=0.115). Using
an ROC curve analysis, the model correctly classified 69% of the
individuals into the correct "fall category". We conclude that retinol,
although not an independent predictor of BMD or fall status, is an
important component in the prediction of both BMD and falls. Further
interventional research is needed to determine the effects of retinol on
BMD and falling. / Graduation date: 2004
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