M.A. (Sociology) / This study investigated the effects of female cross border traders’ work on family well-being in the context of economic hardships in Zimbabwe. The research focused on ten Zimbabwean married women, who work as cross border traders between Harare and Johannesburg and it aimed to understand how their work as cross border traders impacted on the economic and emotional well-being of their families as well as on family resilience. Literature on cross border trading shows that the trade is a key livelihood strategy for families and households but the impacts of the traders’ increased mobility and prolonged absence from home on the emotional well-being of family members have rarely been explored. Using detailed data drawn from in depth interviews with the participants, this study sought to address this gap. The findings of the study reveal that cross border trading is no longer merely a survival strategy that meets the basic needs of families but instead, it has elevated the standards of living of the families, enabling traders to acquire highly valued property. Beyond such economic benefits, the women’s work is having significant effects on the emotional well-being of the family members. The women’s relationships with their spouses were found to be generally stable but in some cases were fraught with tensions and disagreements emanating from the trading work. In most instances, cross border trading work compromised the emotional care and the resilience of the children. The regular absence of the women from their homes presented additional responsibilities and burdens on their children. Older children, for instance, have to take care of their siblings in a context were the fathers do not play an active role in child care. The consequences of the women’s trading activities are evident but often overlooked by the families as they focus on increased material provision. The study sheds light on some of the effects of increased migration of Zimbabwean women on the family and calls for more extensive research on the family in Zimbabwe with the continued economic challenges in the country.

A sustentabilidade da vida humana, entendida como conjunto de atividades necessárias para o processo de reprodução social e manutenção da vida, por não ser considerada como trabalho produtivo, não tem sido tratada como prioritária para o desenvolvimento da sociedade e do indivíduo. Desenvolvida basicamente por mulheres no ambiente doméstico, é palco de desigualdades e conflitos, onde mulheres que não conseguem dividir responsabilidades vivem a dupla, tripla jornada de trabalho. Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo conhecer quais as estratégias as mulheres curitibanas, que possuem trabalho remunerado fora do lar com exigência de escolaridade de nível médio, estão utilizando para enfrentar este desafio, com quem e com o que podem contar. É uma pesquisa qualitativa-interpretativa, que entrevistou 15 mulheres e procurou entender o significado da divisão sexual do trabalho, isto é, como o trabalho doméstico é dividido entre homens e mulheres de uma mesma família, e qual é a participação do Estado e do empregador. Através dos discursos das entrevistadas percebe-se que o momento é de avanços e permanências, onde a reprodução de comportamentos convive com mudança de valores e atitudes. O modelo predominante da divisão sexual do trabalho, definido por Hirata e Kergoat, é o da conciliação, embora apareçam os modelos tradicionais e de parceria em menor escala. Destaca-se também a participação das avós na emancipação das mulheres mães trabalhadoras, que podem contar com as suas próprias mães, sobretudo quando não conseguem o apoio do Estado e do empregador, por meio de creches para seus filhos. No que se refere às inovações tecnológicas notou-se que contribuíram significativamente como poupadores de tempo e esforço para realização das tarefas domésticas, mas não representam o foco principal na divisão sexual do trabalho. / The sustainability of human life, meaning the activities necessary for the process of social reproduction and life maintenance, as not conceived as productive work has not been treated as a priority for the development of the individual or the society. Performed basically by women in the domestic environment, it is the scene of inequalities and conflicts, in which women who cannot divide responsibilities face a double or triple day work. The object of this research is to know which strategies the working women of Curitiba, holders of a high school diploma, are using to go through this challenge, what services they can be provided and who they can count on. This qualitative and interpretative research has interviewed 15 women and tried to understand the meaning of the gender division of labour i.e. how is domestic work divided between men and women of the same family, and what is the role of the Government and the employer. Their testimonies evidence they are facing times of change and persistency, where the reproductive behaviour coexists with change of values and attitudes. The prevalent model of gender division of labor, defined by Hirata and Kergoat, is the conciliation, although traditional and partnership models also occur in a smaller degree. Grandmothers play a substancial role on the emancipation of the working women. They can count on their own mothers mostly when they cannot get the Government and employer’s support through day-cares for their children. Technological innovations have significantly contributed as time and effort savers for the accomplishment of domestic tasks, but do not quite picture the main focus in the gender division of labour.

A sustentabilidade da vida humana, entendida como conjunto de atividades necessárias para o processo de reprodução social e manutenção da vida, por não ser considerada como trabalho produtivo, não tem sido tratada como prioritária para o desenvolvimento da sociedade e do indivíduo. Desenvolvida basicamente por mulheres no ambiente doméstico, é palco de desigualdades e conflitos, onde mulheres que não conseguem dividir responsabilidades vivem a dupla, tripla jornada de trabalho. Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo conhecer quais as estratégias as mulheres curitibanas, que possuem trabalho remunerado fora do lar com exigência de escolaridade de nível médio, estão utilizando para enfrentar este desafio, com quem e com o que podem contar. É uma pesquisa qualitativa-interpretativa, que entrevistou 15 mulheres e procurou entender o significado da divisão sexual do trabalho, isto é, como o trabalho doméstico é dividido entre homens e mulheres de uma mesma família, e qual é a participação do Estado e do empregador. Através dos discursos das entrevistadas percebe-se que o momento é de avanços e permanências, onde a reprodução de comportamentos convive com mudança de valores e atitudes. O modelo predominante da divisão sexual do trabalho, definido por Hirata e Kergoat, é o da conciliação, embora apareçam os modelos tradicionais e de parceria em menor escala. Destaca-se também a participação das avós na emancipação das mulheres mães trabalhadoras, que podem contar com as suas próprias mães, sobretudo quando não conseguem o apoio do Estado e do empregador, por meio de creches para seus filhos. No que se refere às inovações tecnológicas notou-se que contribuíram significativamente como poupadores de tempo e esforço para realização das tarefas domésticas, mas não representam o foco principal na divisão sexual do trabalho. / The sustainability of human life, meaning the activities necessary for the process of social reproduction and life maintenance, as not conceived as productive work has not been treated as a priority for the development of the individual or the society. Performed basically by women in the domestic environment, it is the scene of inequalities and conflicts, in which women who cannot divide responsibilities face a double or triple day work. The object of this research is to know which strategies the working women of Curitiba, holders of a high school diploma, are using to go through this challenge, what services they can be provided and who they can count on. This qualitative and interpretative research has interviewed 15 women and tried to understand the meaning of the gender division of labour i.e. how is domestic work divided between men and women of the same family, and what is the role of the Government and the employer. Their testimonies evidence they are facing times of change and persistency, where the reproductive behaviour coexists with change of values and attitudes. The prevalent model of gender division of labor, defined by Hirata and Kergoat, is the conciliation, although traditional and partnership models also occur in a smaller degree. Grandmothers play a substancial role on the emancipation of the working women. They can count on their own mothers mostly when they cannot get the Government and employer’s support through day-cares for their children. Technological innovations have significantly contributed as time and effort savers for the accomplishment of domestic tasks, but do not quite picture the main focus in the gender division of labour.

Orientador: Maria Lygia Quartim de Moraes / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciencias Humanas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-10T00:19:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Sartori_Elisiane_D.pdf: 2324463 bytes, checksum: 3aa513defc35200acf25bc7f4d3bc25f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008 / Resumo: A presente tese traçou um quadro amplo do Sistema de Proteção Social implantado no Brasil a partir dos anos 30, assim como o papel da família dentro deste contexto de intervenção estatal. A rigor, o objetivo foi deslindar, não apenas sob ponto de vista econômico, mas principalmente a partir da perspectiva sociológica, a inter-relação existente entre família e sistema de proteção social. A partir de uma ampla pesquisa de campo, junto à famílias pertencentes ao Programa de Erradicação do Trabalho Infantil, buscou-se compreender como vivem e a influência do programa em suas vidas. Para tanto, a argumentação movimentou-se em torno de três eixos analíticos a partir dos quais demonstramos as seguintes teses: a primeira mostrou que programas de transferência direta de renda às famílias mais pobres que possuem como contrapartida a inserção e a permanência da criança e do adolescente na escola, conseguem realmente garantir um maior e melhor nível no desempenho escolar. Na segunda, mostrou que somente por meio de uma complementação de renda que garanta um mínimo de sobrevivência, é que podemos alcançar (conseguir, conquistar) o combate ao trabalho infantojuvenil. Caso contrário, as crianças e os adolescentes irão continuar trabalhando, apesar do recebimento da bolsa. Por fim, mostrou-se que programas sociais com viés mais compensatórios do que emancipatórios, não propiciam a autonomia das famílias, o que as deixam numa situação crítica de dependência contínua (perene, incessante), podendo até afetar as suas próximas gerações / Abstract: The present thesis has outlined a wide range view of the Social Protection System implemented in Brazil back in the 30¿s, as well as the family role within this context of state intervention. In reality, the goal was to clarify, not only under the economical point of view, but mainly aiming at the sociological perspective, the interrelation existing between family and social protection system. Starting with a far-reaching field research, along with families belonging to the Eradication Program of Children Work, the job was intended to understand how they live and the influence of the program in their lives. To do so, the argumentation was carried out around three analytical axes, from which the following theses could be demonstrated: the first has shown that programs of direct transfer of income to poorer families that have as a counterpart the insertion and permanence of the child and the teenager in the school, can really guarantee a higher and better level of school performance. In the second, it was shown that just by means of an income complement that may guarantee a minimum for survival, the combat to the infant-juvenile work may be reached (attained, conquered). Otherwise, children and teenagers will keep on working, despite the receiving of school allowance. In the long run, it has been shown that social programs with more compensatory than emancipator bias do not provide autonomy to the families, what leaves them in a critical situation of continuous (lasting, ceaseless) dependence, what may even affect their next generations / Doutorado / Doutor em Ciências Sociais

The purpose of this study is to investigate family mealtime dynamics from the adolescent's perspective and explore what topics are discussed compared to what topics they would like to discuss, and to examine the association among mealtimes and the adolescent's academic status and self-esteem.

Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2017-08-10T13:51:46Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Gracielle Feitosa de Loiola Cardoso.pdf: 2571690 bytes, checksum: e6ecdc0d343fa169abc7b4eec040be25 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-08-10T13:51:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Gracielle Feitosa de Loiola Cardoso.pdf: 2571690 bytes, checksum: e6ecdc0d343fa169abc7b4eec040be25 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-08-04 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The objective of this research was to know the experiences of access to services / public policies of families with children in an institutional reception situation and the repercussions for the return to the relationship with their children. It is a relational object that pulsates in lands that are very strongly intertwined between the Single Social Assistance System and the Justice System. To carry out this study presupposes a complex movement that shows a saturated web of historical, cultural, political, economic and social mediations. From this perspective, we chose the qualitative research, carried out with the support of the oral source, as a way of getting as close as possible to the reality and historical processes experienced and counted by the subjects participating in the research. The narrative of three women, Cristina, Nega and Margareth, whose stories intersect not only through the institutionalization of their children, but also through a daily life that is crossed by inequalities, violence and abandonment. In order to help in this process, the narratives of workers working in the Justice System and the Single Social Assistance System also came on the scene: two social workers and an lawyer working in CREAS, an social worker and an psychologist from the Municipal Reception Service, an social worker of the Reception Service for children up to 06 years old, and four tutorial advisers. The orality allows us to understand how subjects give meaning to reality, the possibility of "giving life" to what is set in procedural records, medical records, reports and PIAs, to know the lives and stories behind the persons held As negligent, incapable or dependent. Thus, allowing access to other contours and living beyond the inability to care for their children. It was tried to raise questions that contribute so that families with institutionalized children have access to a social protection citizen and, the destitution of the familiar power, can be more and more an exception / Objetivou-se com a pesquisa conhecer as vivências de acesso aos serviços/políticas públicas de famílias com filhos em situação de acolhimento institucional e as repercussões para o retorno ao convívio com seus filhos. Trata-se de um objeto relacional que pulsa em terrenos que se entrelaçam muito fortemente entre o Sistema Único de Assistência Social e o Sistema de Justiça. Realizar esse estudo pressupõe um movimento complexo, que evidencia uma trama saturada de mediações históricas, culturais, políticas, econômicas e sociais. Partindo dessa perspectiva, escolhemos a pesquisa qualitativa, realizada com o suporte da fonte oral, como forma de nos aproximarmos o mais perto possível da realidade e dos processos históricos vivenciados e contados pelos sujeitos participantes da pesquisa. O fio condutor que teceu a sua construção foram as narrativas de três mulheres, Cristina, Nega e Margareth, cujas histórias se intercruzam não apenas pela institucionalização dos seus filhos, mas também por um cotidiano atravessado por desigualdades, violências e abandonos. Para auxiliar nessa tessitura também entraram em cena as narrativas de trabalhadores que atuam no Sistema de Justiça e no Sistema Único de Assistência Social, sendo: dois assistentes sociais e uma advogada atuando no CREAS, uma assistente social e uma psicóloga do Serviço de Acolhimento Municipal, uma assistente social do Serviço de Acolhimento para crianças de até 06 anos e, quatro conselheiros tutelares. A oralidade nos permite compreender a forma como os sujeitos dão significado a realidade, a possibilidade de “dar vida” ao que está posto nos autos processuais, nos prontuários, nos relatórios e nos PIAs, de conhecer as vidas e histórias por traz das pessoas tidas como negligentes, incapazes ou dependentes. Possibilitando, assim, o acesso a outros contornos e viveres para além da incapacidade de cuidarem de seus filhos. Buscou-se levantar questionamentos que contribuam para que famílias com filhos institucionalizados tenham acesso a uma proteção social cidadã e, a destituição do poder familiar, possa ser cada vez mais uma exceção

D.Litt. et Phil. / In recent research studies that have been done within the cadre of family sociology, researchers have emphasised the fact that the role of the man in the family is an important topic. This interest in the role of the husband/father has been facilitated by significant trends and changes of our time, manifesting world-wide, as well as in South Africa. These trends, such as the continuous rise in the rate of married women entering the labour market and the accompanying issues raised by changes in terms of the spouses' participation in household and childcare responsibilities, affect family life extensively. More researchers and theorists are now focussing on the shift from the man's role in the family as sole breadwinner to that of the active nurturant father within the context of a marital relationship characterised by companionship and an equal partnership between the spouses. For several decades the focus in South Africa, as in the case of other countries, fell on the increasing interface between work and family life, within the work/family spillover model, as experienced by the working married woman and how her marital and familial relationships are influenced by it. While it is clear from these research results, especially from those studies conducted in South Africa, that most men are no longer the sole or primary breadwinner in the family, it is less clear what new patterns of commitment and involvement these men are developing with regard to their family life. A related methodological shortcoming of sociological research on the husband/father role to date is that much of these research projects have relied on the wife/mother's report on her husband's attitude towards domestic responsibilities, his spousal and paternal conduct and the quality of the father-child relationship. As a result of this perspective on the changing role of the husband/father, the question arose as to what the situation in South Africa might be. The aim of this research was to shed light on the man's perception of his roles as husband and father in the dual-earner family and to what extent this perception may or may not stand in relationship to his experience of marital integration. In this quantitative research project the respondents were selected from the Gauteng area by means of purposive and snowball sampling.

Esta pesquisa analisou uma rede de pessoas de uma mesma família de descendentes de imigrantes originada de um encontro entre descendentes de japoneses e italianos, sendo que o objetivo da pesquisa foi estudar, sob a perspectiva da memória coletiva e das identidades culturais, os processos de construção de identidades dos sujeitos inseridos nesta rede, identidades essas examinadas em termos de sua origem migratória. Optou-se pelo método da história oral para analisar os conflitos e as negociações identitárias pelas quais passou cada membro da família, revelados através da análise das narrativas de vida de dezenove pessoas entrevistadas, que compõem três gerações da família fruto da união entre Concetta Campopiano, uma neta de imigrantes italianos, e Mituioce Sumida, um filho de imigrantes japoneses, os dois nascidos no Estado de São Paulo na década de 1920. Somou-se o fato do pesquisador ser também um membro da família, neto do casal que gerou o grupo estudado, o que acrescentou um desafio teórico-metodológico à pesquisa / This research analyzes a network of people from the same family of descendants of immigrants originated from a meeting between Italian and Japanese descendants, and the purpose of the study is to analyze, from the perspective of collective memory and cultural identity, the processes of building the identities of the subjects inserted in this group, being these identities examined in terms of their migratory origin. It was opted for the oral history method to analyze the conflicts and identity negotiations lived by each family member, revealed by the analysis of life narratives of nineteen people interviewed, who make up three generations of the studied family, as a result of the union between Concetta Campopiano, a granddaughter of Italian immigrants, and Mituioce Sumida, a son of Japanese immigrants, both born in São Paulo in the 1920s. It was added the fact that the researcher is also a family member, grandson of the couple who generated the study group, a fact that adds a theoretical - methodological research challenge