Thesis (D. Min.)--Trinity Evangelical Divinity School, 1993. / Abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 290-293).

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Thesis (D. Min.)--Gordon-Conwell Theological Seminary, 2006. / Abstract and vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 122-129).

Submitted thesis tries to show importance and irreplaceable space in communicatin at present. It also deals with the need for communication in the basic cell of society - the family. It speaks about the importance and need for mutual communication and the correct listening in families. It deals with the causes of matrimonial crisis and consequences of cinflicts in the family. It speaks about communication differences between man and woman, communication barrires, which causes problems in families and it also speaks about developing sequences of family problems. Similarly, it pays attention to ethics perspective on communication problem in the family. It seeks possibilities for common solutions to these problems, highlighting ethics and communication as the ways of conflict prevention. Still, there are only the rules for proper management of communication and interpersonal problem solving. The purpose of this work is to contribute to understanding the process of communication in the family and realize the need for greater accountability in approach to issues of interpersonal communication.

The main object of this thesis is to summarize the most important aspects of legal institution of marriage from its conclusion and duration to the ending of it in accordance with the current legislation. I also focused on main changes connected with passing the new Civil Code and I clarified the essence of some new legal institutions. I chose the topic "Marriage" because it is a legal institution that affects life of everyone and therefore it is useful to be familiar with these issues and be aware of rights and duties connected with marriage. The thesis is composed of six chapters which deal with particular aspects of marriage. The aims of the thesis are set in Introduction and the thesis is terminated by Conclusion where results of my thesis are summarized and evaluated. Besides that the thesis includes Content, Index of Abbreviations, Bibliography and Annexes. First chapter focuses on categorization of marriage into the Czech legal system and its position in it. I mention here the most important sources and basic principles of Family law. I explain the term and the purpose of marriage because its definition is crucial for all thesis and I state the most substantial differences between marriage and registered partnerships. Chapter two is dedicated to the conclusion of marriage. I concentrate on...

Currently, a great schism exists in the way that the law of financial provision treats cohabiting and married couples on relationship breakdown. Given that research consistently demonstrates that women are predominantly responsible for carrying out homemaking activities regardless of employment status, at the heart of this divide is the way that the law attributes value to this traditionally female role. In the married context, on divorce, breadwinning and homemaking contributions have equal value, yet in the cohabitation context only financial contributions are recognised, with homemaking having no value attributed to it. This polarised approach has received extensive criticism from the courts, the legal profession and the academic community, both for overvaluing domestic contributions in the married context and for ignoring or at best undervaluing them in the cohabitation context. Yet, despite the agreement over the inadequacies in this area, there is a lack of consensus over the direction that reform should take, and so far attempts have been slow and have often come to nothing, especially in the cohabitation context. Furthermore, feminist opinion is divided about whether financial recognition of domestic contributions in family law poses a threat to the financial autonomy of women, encouraging patriarchal financial dependence; or whether such developments redress a glaring inequality inherent in gendered roles freely chosen within the family. Consequently, this project uses the two very differing feminist positions of Ruth Deech and Martha Fineman who embody this divide as the lens through which to explore this dichotomous tension underlying the law in this area. To test out these two feminist stances, this project uses a range of doctrinal, feminist and empirical methodology, namely interviews with legal practitioners, to compare the approaches in New Zealand, Scotland and Queensland, Australia alongside England and Wales, where each jurisdiction differentially reflects a point on a spectrum between Deech and Fineman’s contrasting positions. This project also uses focus groups with members of the public in England and Wales to ascertain the affected communities’ views on these models of financial provision. Drawing on these results, this thesis shall consider how the law of financial provision in England and Wales should divide assets on relationship breakdown in the marriage, civil partnership and the same- and different-sex cohabiting context. Should it promote financial autonomy or should it offer greater protection to those who lead gendered lives in the private sphere?

Thesis (M.A.)--Trinity Evangelical Divinity School, Deerfield, Ill., 1998. / Abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 85-88).

This thesis maps trends and development of partner cohabitation in relation to social policy changes. Marriage has a rich history and its form and nature has changed several times in the past. In the last sixty years, the divorce rate has risen, women have become more emancipated and their participation in the labour market. Unmarried cohabitation is similar to marriage which it also usually precedes. This type of partner cohabitation is currently more common and it sometimes replaces marriage completely. The theoretical part of this thesis also describes the founding of a family, its function and history, because starting a family is closely related to marriage and unmarried cohabitation. The remainder of the theoretical part is dedicated to social and family policy, which is characterized in greater detail, regarding its concepts, goals and tools, together with family support systems and measures. The goal of this thesis was to map preferred forms of partner cohabitation at various stages of social policy development in the Czech Republic and to determine the influence of individual social policy measures on population development in the context of marriage, birth or divorce rates in the short and long term. Two hypotheses related to the goals of this thesis have been established. Hypothesis no. 1: The concept of marriage has been more important for women than for men at all stages of social policy development. Hypothesis no. 2: University-educated individuals prefer marriage more than those with elementary education. The first part of the research results is a comparative analysis of available secondary resources relating to certain development stages of social policy in our country. The second part of the research was conducted in the form of a pilot study, using the quantitative method on questionnaires. Results indicate that significant change in the material conditions of families with children has positive effect on population growth. Women used to link marriage to motherhood and to greater certainty while raising children. The number of marriages among university graduates is increasing. This has also been caused by the higher number of people with university education. This trend started in the early 90s. Respondents with university degrees expressed the opinion that the main reason to form a marriage is having children, yet they do not consider it as important as those without university education.

The thesis is focused on family and marriage counseling centers, currently established by the state in accordance with law no. 108/2006 Coll. on social services. The aim is to map out their development, with emphasis on the period from 1990 to the present, and try to understand this development in connection with external factors and legislation. Another objective of this work is to map the development of professional work within these centers and its potential evolution. Related to this is the implementation of supervision and its current use within these centers. Keywords: Family and marriage counseling centers, social work, counseling, psychotherapy, supervision

This dissertation explores how family and marriage relationships vary according to the culture in which they occur. Based on the individualism/collectivism framework about cultural variations in familial beliefs across countries, I study three topics of family and marriage relationships across cultures. In the first study, I examine how 17 member countries of Organisation of Economic and Co-operation and Development (OECD) differ culturally in older adults' preference for family elder care. I find that older adults from countries with more traditional values that emphasize the importance of a strong parent-child tie are more likely to prefer family care rather than formal care than those from more secular-rational countries with less emphasis on the parent-child tie; the cultural difference gets smaller at a higher level of individual family income. In the second study, I select China as a representative of the collectivist culture, and look into how the collectivist culture and older parents' filial beliefs shape the intergenerational relationship in China. I find that patrilocal and patrilineal traditions are still prevail in China. A highly cohesive intergenerational relationship people idealize in the collectivist culture is more common between older parents and married sons, and least common between older parents and married daughters. In the third study, I compare an individualist society, the U.S., and China, a collectivist society to test whether marriage also isolates people from their informal social network in China as observed in the U.S. I find that marriage does not isolate but integrates people into their informal social network in China, while marriage isolate people in the U.S. The three studies present new evidence on how marriage and family experiences differ due to different cultural beliefs about family, and under what conditions the cultural influences are weakened or reinforced. / Ph. D. / People tend to think and behave according to their individual cultural beliefs and value system and influenced by the cultural environment they live in. Three studies in this dissertation examine how the macro cultural environment and individual beliefs about the family and family relationships influence 1) the preference for family elder care in 17 countries in Europe, North and South America, and East Asia; 2) the intergenerational relationship in China; and 3) the marriage effect on socializing with friends, neighbors, and relatives in the collectivist China and the individualist U.S. In the first study, I find that the preference for family elder care is stonger among older adults from more traditional countries that value family traditions and strong parent-child ties than those from countries with less emphasis on family traditions and the parent-child tie. The cultural influence gets weaker as older adults’ family income increases. In the second study, I find that intergenerational relationship is still very traditional in China. A highly cohesive relationship idealized in the collectivist culture is more common between older parents and their married sons, and least common between older adults and married daughters. In the third study, I find that, compared to the never married and the previously married, married Chinese do not socialize less often with friends, and tend to socialize more often with neighbors and relatives. However, married Americans socialize less often with all these three groups of people in their informal social network than the unmarried. All three studies present new evidence on how marriage and family experiences differ due to different cultural beliefs about family, and how the cultural influence would change according to individuals’ social conditions.