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Casa de pais, escola de filhos: um estudo sobre transformações nos significados, valores e práticas de educar filhos em famílias de baixa rendaSantos, João Laurentino dos 03 June 2011 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2011-06-03 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This is a quanti-qualitative study of the nature of a participative intervention
with low-income families (IPVS 4) carried out within the NGO Associação Meninos do
Morumbi (Boys from Morumbi Association), located in the Southern District of the city
of São Paulo Brazil. It had as its objective to understand the meaning attributed by
parents from low-income families to the participation in Grupos Reflexivos (Reflective
Groups), and also how this experience impacted the transformations of meanings,
values and practices of educating children in the family.
The theoretical framework employed was that of the New-Paradigmatic
Systemic Thinking, which takes into account the dimensions of complexity,
intersubjectivity, and unpredictability of phenomena. The study was conducted in
several stages with different methodological procedures, and consisted in (1) reflection
groups, whose objective was of constituting an intervention context for the study; (2)
focal groups with the objective of discussing in greater depth the most significant
themes that emerged from the reflection groups concerning the changes perceived in the
education of their children, and (3) Inventory of parental styles, which aimed at
assessing how the meetings were influencing the change in frequency of some kinds of
behavior regarded as important by the parents. Results point to the decrease in violence
between parents and their children, to improvements in communication and affective
ties, reduction of pressure and stress, and also to the significant learning of values,
competences and psychosocial skills. These results argue in favor of the idea of
constituting community group spaces to stimulate reflection about the issues involving
the difficulties of educating children nowadays, under a dialogical proposal of coconstruction,
in a climate of exchange of experiences and sharing. It made possible the
development of conscience as a process of transformation of education practices, based
on the free expression of differences, and on reflectivity as an identity process to face up
to the crisis of values and to the challenges presented by post-modernity / Trata-se de uma pesquisa quanti-qualitativa de natureza participativa
interventiva com famílias de baixa renda (IPVS 4), realizada na ONG Associação
Meninos do Morumbi, localizada na Zona Sul da Cidade de São Paulo Brasil. Teve
como objetivo compreender o significado atribuído por pais de famílias de baixa renda à
participação em Grupos Reflexivos e como esta experiência interferiu nas
transformações dos significados, valores e práticas de educar filhos na família.
Utilizou-se o referencial teórico do Pensamento Sistêmico Novo-Paradigmático
que considera as dimensões de complexidade, intersubjetividade e imprevisibilidade dos
fenômenos. O estudo foi realizado em várias etapas com procedimentos metodológicos
diversos, que consistiu em (1) grupos de reflexão, cujo objetivo foi constituir um
contexto interventivo para o estudo; (2) grupos focais com o objetivo de discutir de
modo mais aprofundado os temas mais significativos nas mudanças que perceberam na
educação dos filhos que emergiram nos grupos de reflexão e (3) Inventário de estilos
parentais que objetivou avaliar como os encontros estavam refletindo na mudança de
freqüência de alguns comportamentos considerados como importantes para os pais. Os
resultados apontam para a diminuição das violências entre pais e filhos, melhora da
comunicação e dos vínculos afetivos, diminuição da pressão e do estresse, bem como a
aprendizagem significativa de valores, competências e habilidades psicossociais. Tais
resultados falam a favor de se constituir espaços grupais comunitários para permitir a
reflexão sobre as questões que envolvem as dificuldades de educar filhos hoje, numa
proposta dialógica de co-construção, em um clima de troca de experiências e
compartilhamento. Isto possibilitou o desenvolvimento da consciência como processo
de transformação das práticas educativas, baseado na livre expressão das diferenças e na
reflexividade como processo identitário para enfrentar a crise de valores e os desafios
impostos pela pós-modernidade
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Family, School And Neighbourhood Influences On The Educational Attainment Of Youth: Guzelyaka Case StudyKaya, Gokhan 01 December 2008 (has links) (PDF)
The aim of the master thesis is to understand how neighborhood, family and school
influence on the educational attainment of young people. Within the scope of this
work, I conducted thirty two in-depth interviews with youth living in the Gü / zelyaka
gecekondu (squatter) neighborhood in Ankara. Gecekondu neighborhoods are
residential areas where rural migrants might initially or permanently move when they
come to the city in order to improve their life standards. However, many of them
have to survive here against conditions such as poverty and the insufficiency of
social services during the early years of their migration. Nevertheless, families can
develop survival strategies based on self-help networks like kinship and hemSehri
(people with same geographic origins) connections. Throughout this master thesis, I
discuss how young people&rsquo / s interactions within the disadvantaged neighborhoods,
school climate around the neighborhood, family background, conditions at home and
parental involvement influence the educational attainment of youth
The research revealed that despite the specific conditions of gecekondu
neighborhoods and heterogeneity amongst working class families, there is little
variation in educational attainment of the youth. The main reason for this low level
of educational attainment is the poverty they experienced or are still experiencing at
home. While such poverty may compel them to take up positions in the labor market
participation early in life, the influence of peer groups also discourages school
attendance, as the environment is one in which schools provide neither a good
quality education, nor a competitive educational environment.
Furthermore, poverty, the disadvantaged nature of the neighborhood and the strength
of the family network among the residents all serve to reproduce the inferior value of
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education in their life. On the other hand, family practices regarding education vary
with the transformation towards a nuclear family life, improvement in household
income and with increasing length of stay. Early migrant families who have better
life standards are more likely to encourage their children to stay in school in order to
find regular income jobs than are newcomer families who need a supplement to the
family budget since they are exposed to the worst conditions in the neighborhood.
The younger parents among early migrant families are more involved in their
children&rsquo / s schooling, and provide personal space for their children, enabling them to
adequately complete school work.
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COOPERATIVISMO DE CRÉDITO: ATUAÇÃO DA CRESOL COMO FATOR DE DESENVOLVIMENTO SOCIOECONÔMICO E COMBATE À POBREZA NA REGIÃO SUL/RSGarcia, Suélen dos Santos 09 December 2011 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2011-12-09 / The modern world coexist with deep inequalities of various orders. On the one hand,
groups thrive through access to material, cultural and political goods, made possible
largely by the rapid advancement of technology. On the other hand, are private
groups of these goods and relegated to the deep poverty. Among these, is the family
farmers, still deeply affected by poverty that characterizes much of the brazilian rural
area. Insistent public policies focused on efforts to minimize this framework of
inequality, taking as a means of solution, almost always, the criterion of per capita
income and groups located. However, recent studies point to the multiplicity of the
concept of poverty. Disproving the predominant way of dealing with the problem of
poverty and the development of these marginalized groups, there are theses
alternatives, among which is the Theory of the Expansion of Capabilities, founded by
Amartya Sen, theoretical framework that has guided the research and the
preparation of this dissertation. Thus, it was possible to the assumption that the
development of human capabilities will allow us to expand/ qualification of its
workings, understood as the knowledge that the human being has to possess,
because the sought and the acquired so methodical, reflective and free. Considering
that the rural reality is made up of different social groups and labor, depicting also the
socioeconomic inequalities that exist in Brazil, it was defined stratum of family
farming as boundaries for the research and the voice of family farmers as a source of
information about this reality. Understanding the cooperative credit as a model of
policy that serves both the demands instrumental in the fight against poverty as the
policies for the promotion of entrepreneurship and the growth, we decided to move
the research for the unveiling of the reality of a credit cooperative. Thus, we
performed a case study of the Cooperative of Rural Credit with Supportive Interaction
CRESOL, placing it in the Single Cooperative of Boa Vista, City of São Lourenço
do Sul / Rio Grande do Sul. The research was justified in reason, also, hat the
cooperative solidarity has been recognized as an efficient alternative for economic
and social inclusion of people entrepreneurs need. This is mainly due to its
methodology be considered appropriate for this public meeting, therefore, to the goal
markedly social of cooperative of solidarity lending, or providing job opportunities and
income to the farmer, enabling him to better living conditions / O mundo contemporâneo convive com profundas desigualdades de diversas ordens.
Por um lado, prosperam grupos por meio do acesso aos bens materiais, culturais e
políticos, possibilitados, em grande parte, pelo acelerado avanço das tecnologias. Por
outro lado, se encontram grupos privados desses bens e relegados a profunda pobreza.
Dentre esses, se encontra o dos agricultores familiares, ainda profundamente afetados
pela pobreza que caracteriza grande parte da área rural brasileira. Insistentes políticas
públicas centram esforços no sentido de minimizar esse quadro de desigualdade,
tomando como via de solução, quase sempre, o critério da renda per capita e de grupos
localizados. Todavia, estudos recentes apontam para a multiplicidade da concepção de
pobreza. Refutando esse modo predominante de enfrentar a problemática da pobreza e
do desenvolvimento desses grupos marginalizados, surgem teses alternativas, dentre
as quais se encontra a Teoria da Expansão das Capacitações, fundamentada por
Amartya Sen, referencial que orientou a pesquisa e a elaboração desta dissertação.
Assim, firmou-se o pressuposto de que o desenvolvimento de capacidades do ser
humano permitirá a ampliação/ qualificação de seus funcionamentos, entendidos estes
como os saberes que o ser humano passou a possuir, porque os procurou e os adquiriu
de modo metódico, reflexivo e livre. Considerando-se que a realidade rural se compõe
por diferentes grupos sociais e laborais, retratando, também, as desigualdades
socioeconômicas existentes no Brasil, definiu-se o estrato da agricultura familiar como
delimitação para a pesquisa e a voz do agricultor familiar como fonte de informações
acerca dessa realidade. Entendendo-se o crédito cooperativo como modelo de política
que atende, tanto às demandas instrumentais de combate à pobreza quanto às políticas
de fomento ao empreendedorismo e ao crescimento, optou-se por encaminhar a
pesquisa para o desvelamento da realidade de uma cooperativa de crédito. Assim, foi
realizado um estudo de caso da Cooperativa de Crédito Rural com Interação Solidária
CRESOL, situando-o na Cooperativa Singular de Boa Vista, Município de São Lourenço
do Sul/Rio Grande do Sul. Justificou-se a pesquisa em razão, também, de que o
cooperativismo solidário vem sendo reconhecido como eficiente alternativa para a
inclusão econômica e social das populações empreendedoras carentes. Isso ocorre,
principalmente, em razão de sua metodologia mostrar-se adequada a esse público,
atendendo, consequentemente, ao objetivo marcadamente social do cooperativismo de
crédito solidário, ou seja, propiciar oportunidades de trabalho e renda ao agricultor,
possibilitando-lhe melhores condições de vida
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