Introdução O comportamento alimentar do indivíduo resulta de decisões, conscientes ou não, relacionadas à cultura alimentar de sua região, à tradição alimentar de seu convívio social e às transformações decorridas do acesso à informação científica e popular. Objetivo Analisar a alimentação de adolescentes, residentes na região Norte do município de São José dos Campos (SP), na perspectiva da família. Materiais e métodos Estudo qualitativo, realizado em 2014 e 2015, com mães e adolescentes do 6o ano do ensino fundamental municipal. Dados sobre percepção, conhecimento, comportamento e barreiras para uma alimentação saudável dos adolescentes foram produzidos por meio de grupos focais. Entrevistas semiestruturadas foram realizadas com as mães dos estudantes para investigar aspectos sobre alimentação da família e relação com formação de práticas e comportamentos alimentares dos filhos. Os discursos foram registrados com auxílio de um gravador de voz, e transcritos posteriormente para análise, por meio da técnica de análise de conteúdo temática. Foram realizados 4 grupos focais com 6 estudantes cada, e 15 entrevistas com mães. Resultados e discussão Os discursos foram classificados em temas: comportamento alimentar, preferências alimentares e conhecimentos e crenças. Verificou-se que a alimentação dos adolescentes pode ser influenciada pelo comportamento alimentar dos pais. Mães e adolescentes percebemse conscientes e julgam sobre o que comem. Entretanto, a fala muitas vezes está distante da prática, seja por negligencia, dificuldade em perceber possibilidades de ação, questões emotivas ou pelo hábito formado, considerado a maior dificuldade para mudanças relacionadas à alimentação, tanto das mães quanto adolescentes. Possibilidades de soluções, quando referidas, eram por vezes permeadas por conflitos, causando insatisfação em mães e filhos. O contexto no qual esses individuos estão inseridos deve ser considerado, como o bairro e a escola, os quais contribuem para a determinação das escolhas alimentares. Conclusão a família exerce importante papel no comportamento alimentar de adolescentes, entretanto, a compreensão sobre o tema deve considerar, sobretudo, a cultura e o meio social em que a dinâmica familiar está contextualizada. / Introduction Food behavior is a result of conscious and unconscious decisions taken by individuals, which reflect regional food culture, the food tradition of social cycles and the transformation driven by the access to scientific and/or commonsense information. Objective To analyze eating behavior of adolescents living in the North side of the city of São José dos Campos (SP), from the family meals perspective. Materials and methods A qualitative study done between 2014 and 2015, with mothers and students of 6th grade of a public elementary school. Data on perception, knowledge, behavior and barriers to provide a healthy diet for adolescents were produced through a focus group research. Semi-structured interviews were carried out with mothers of students to investigate aspects of family eating behavior and how it relates to the childrens views and behaviors towards food. The interviews audio were recorded and then transcripted for analysis, through thematic content analysis technique. The study accounted with four focus groups - with 6 students each and 15 mothers were interviewed. Results and Discussion - The interviews were classified according to topics: food behavior, food preferences, knowledge and beliefs. It was found that the adolescents eating behavior might be influenced by eating behavior of their parents. Mothers and teenagers declared themselves aware and thoughtful about what they eat. However, the speech is often incongruent with reality. This is because of negligence, difficulty to realize alternative actions, emotional issues or even the inherited behavior, which is detrimental to succeed in improving eating behavior. These difficulties are faced by the mothers as well as by the adolescents. When healthier alternatives for actual eating behavior were mentioned, they were often source of conflicts, causing dissatisfaction among mothers and children. The context in which these individuals are inserted should be considered, such as the neighborhood and the school, which contribute to the determination of food choices. Conclusion - the family has an important role in the food behavior of adolescents, however, the better understanding of this matter should take into account the family culture and the social environment.

Introdução O comportamento alimentar do indivíduo resulta de decisões, conscientes ou não, relacionadas à cultura alimentar de sua região, à tradição alimentar de seu convívio social e às transformações decorridas do acesso à informação científica e popular. Objetivo Analisar a alimentação de adolescentes, residentes na região Norte do município de São José dos Campos (SP), na perspectiva da família. Materiais e métodos Estudo qualitativo, realizado em 2014 e 2015, com mães e adolescentes do 6o ano do ensino fundamental municipal. Dados sobre percepção, conhecimento, comportamento e barreiras para uma alimentação saudável dos adolescentes foram produzidos por meio de grupos focais. Entrevistas semiestruturadas foram realizadas com as mães dos estudantes para investigar aspectos sobre alimentação da família e relação com formação de práticas e comportamentos alimentares dos filhos. Os discursos foram registrados com auxílio de um gravador de voz, e transcritos posteriormente para análise, por meio da técnica de análise de conteúdo temática. Foram realizados 4 grupos focais com 6 estudantes cada, e 15 entrevistas com mães. Resultados e discussão Os discursos foram classificados em temas: comportamento alimentar, preferências alimentares e conhecimentos e crenças. Verificou-se que a alimentação dos adolescentes pode ser influenciada pelo comportamento alimentar dos pais. Mães e adolescentes percebemse conscientes e julgam sobre o que comem. Entretanto, a fala muitas vezes está distante da prática, seja por negligencia, dificuldade em perceber possibilidades de ação, questões emotivas ou pelo hábito formado, considerado a maior dificuldade para mudanças relacionadas à alimentação, tanto das mães quanto adolescentes. Possibilidades de soluções, quando referidas, eram por vezes permeadas por conflitos, causando insatisfação em mães e filhos. O contexto no qual esses individuos estão inseridos deve ser considerado, como o bairro e a escola, os quais contribuem para a determinação das escolhas alimentares. Conclusão a família exerce importante papel no comportamento alimentar de adolescentes, entretanto, a compreensão sobre o tema deve considerar, sobretudo, a cultura e o meio social em que a dinâmica familiar está contextualizada. / Introduction Food behavior is a result of conscious and unconscious decisions taken by individuals, which reflect regional food culture, the food tradition of social cycles and the transformation driven by the access to scientific and/or commonsense information. Objective To analyze eating behavior of adolescents living in the North side of the city of São José dos Campos (SP), from the family meals perspective. Materials and methods A qualitative study done between 2014 and 2015, with mothers and students of 6th grade of a public elementary school. Data on perception, knowledge, behavior and barriers to provide a healthy diet for adolescents were produced through a focus group research. Semi-structured interviews were carried out with mothers of students to investigate aspects of family eating behavior and how it relates to the childrens views and behaviors towards food. The interviews audio were recorded and then transcripted for analysis, through thematic content analysis technique. The study accounted with four focus groups - with 6 students each and 15 mothers were interviewed. Results and Discussion - The interviews were classified according to topics: food behavior, food preferences, knowledge and beliefs. It was found that the adolescents eating behavior might be influenced by eating behavior of their parents. Mothers and teenagers declared themselves aware and thoughtful about what they eat. However, the speech is often incongruent with reality. This is because of negligence, difficulty to realize alternative actions, emotional issues or even the inherited behavior, which is detrimental to succeed in improving eating behavior. These difficulties are faced by the mothers as well as by the adolescents. When healthier alternatives for actual eating behavior were mentioned, they were often source of conflicts, causing dissatisfaction among mothers and children. The context in which these individuals are inserted should be considered, such as the neighborhood and the school, which contribute to the determination of food choices. Conclusion - the family has an important role in the food behavior of adolescents, however, the better understanding of this matter should take into account the family culture and the social environment.

The thesis deals with development and changes in family behavior in the Czech Republic and selected European countries. First, the thesis explains the concepts of population and family policy. There are big differences how the definitions are viewed in case of these concepts and the relationship of population policy and family policy. Some authors consider population and family policy as identical, other authors strictly separate those two. Another part describes the changes in family behavior in the Czech Republic after 1989. The key part of this thesis is contained in the third chapter. It deals with development and description of the first selected demographic indicators characterizing the family behavior, then the indicators describing the family behavior based on LFS and SILC data. All indicators are monitored in 21 European countries including the Czech Republic. Based on the data received I created cluster analysis for each group of indicators(i.e. for Demographic indicators describing the family behavior and for indicators describing the family behavior based on LFS and SILC data).

The aim of this work is to analyze the changes in family behavior in Czech Republic especially using the framework of the second demographic transition. Attention was focused on the analysis of attitudes towards new form partnerships and childbearing and development reproductive behavior in Czech Republic. In this analysis using data of two surveys ISSP (1994, 2002, 2012) and EVS (1990, 1999, 2008). The trajectories of changes in Czech Republic were compared with trajectories of transformation in selected post-communist countries. Different trajectories of transformation have been identified for postcommunist countries. The results in many aspects suggested Czech Republic has been approaching the North-western European countries. However, important the Czech Republic seems to be much further in the process of the second demographic transition in comparison with many post- communist countries. Keywords family behavior, attitude, family, the second demographic transition, postcommunist countries

nÃo hà / O presente trabalho contribui na discussÃo do modelo de previdÃncia social brasileiro com foco no comportamento das famÃlias brasileiras em relaÃÃo Ãs contribuiÃÃes destinadas à previdÃncia complementar; mais especificamente, na modalidade do Plano Gerador de BenefÃcio Livre â PGBL, em face de sua importÃncia na tentativa de garantir o poder de compra e manutenÃÃo do padrÃo de qualidade de vida dos indivÃduos no futuro quando da reduÃÃo de sua capacidade laboral e sua contribuiÃÃo à economia brasileira, enquanto poupanÃa privada nacional. O estudo buscou identificar como as variÃveis econÃmicas nÃvel de renda per capta, Ãndice de pobreza da populaÃÃo, Ãndice de concentraÃÃo de renda, Ãndice de pobreza e quantidade de anos de estudo influenciam na captaÃÃo per capta mÃdia de contribuiÃÃes para a previdÃncia complementar, modalidade PGBL, utilizando-se de anÃlise de dados em painel. / This paper offers contribution to discussion of the Brazilian social welfare model with a focus on the behaviour of Brazilian families in relation to contributions for private pension plan, more specifically in the free benefit generator plan mode, in face of its importance in an attempt to ensure the purchasing power and maintaining the standard of quality of life of individuals in the future when there is a reduction in their labour capacity and in their contribution to the Brazilian economy while national private savings. The study aims to identify how economic variables such as per capita income level, poverty index of population, income concentration index, poverty rate and number of years of study influence on the funding per capita average of private pension contributions, free benefit generator plan mode, using panel data analysis.