This study investigates the nature of social reproduction in single-black-womanheaded families in post-apartheid South Africa, through an ethnographic case study in Bophelong Township in Gauteng. The study focuses on the two coterminous aspects of social reproduction: the physical reproduction of labour power and the reproduction of social relations of the mode of production as such, in this case capitalism. The study included a socio-economic survey, participatory observation and in-depth interviews with woman-heads over a period of four years. After a preliminary analysis, the data concerning the woman-headed family form was organised into three generations, the Grandmothers, the Mothers and the Daughters. The conclusions are however tentative given that this was a qualitative study based on a particular type of woman-headed family, one sample in one township in South Africa. The internal variations within this family form expressed the woman-heads’ concrete lived experience, biography and social agency; and are moments of a single totality. While black women’s location is informed by many social determinations that intersect and deepen their oppression as woman-heads, they are cast into leadership roles and directly mediate relations within their families, with males, with family kin, with communities and society. The woman-heads find themselves in contradictory positions within patriarchal society, given their own socialization, the daily struggle to reproduce children physically and the need to transcend traditional patriarchal social relations, including the challenge to appropriate egalitarian forms of leadership and avoid becoming proxies for patriarchy. Despite daily struggles for survival, woman-headed families are important social spaces for struggles for egalitarian family arrangements, including those concerning sons and traditional culture, historically the domain of men. However, it is necessary that the struggles within the family are anchored and supported by the struggles for egalitarianism within society as a whole. In particular this means struggles anchored and supported by a radical, grassroots and dynamic women’s movement.

Transforming the composition of families and households in the 19th and 20th centuries in a selected area of the Czech Lands Abstract The aim of this work is to analyze changes in the size and composition of families and households in the 19th and 20th centuries in the South Bohemian town of Soběslav. The research is based on a comparison of data obtained excerption of census in 1869, 1880 and 1910. The first part of the demographic analysis focuses on the assessment of the size and structure of the population by age, sex, family status and nationality. In the second part the survey data from individual census are processed for individual households and families. The notion of familly and household is based on the basis of cohabitation. The division of households by the P. Laslett was used.

This work focuses on family issues and its development from 1989 to the present. By analyzing the demographic characteristics and sociological facts are trying to determine whether the education of the child is still determined by marriage or otherwise under the common coexistence of household. The thesis is divided into three main chapters. The first analyzes the demographic characteristics associated with households. The second chapter is devoted to the concepts of family and household. The final chapter contains data analysis of the Labour Force Survey for the home. In conclusion, we find the reflection on the future development of family issues.

Families and households in census data with a focus on the methodological aspects of the data Abstract Over the past few decades, significant changes in the family and household structure have been observed. Nevertheless, demographic behaviour does not have to be the only factor affecting these changes. Therefore, the thesis brings a comprehensive look at the family and household and focuses more on the methodological aspects of its structure and development evaluation. The first part of the thesis is rather a methodological work and introduces a detailed household methodology of one of the most important data source on families and households. Over the last half- century, the population and housing census has allowed a monitoring of household formation in the Czech Republic. Despite the efforts, new technologies, data collection and processing methods have required a change of the household concept in the last census. Since then, the time series have not been fully comparable. For the first time, household type derivation was based on automated process only, using a predefined algorithm. This algorithm, drafted by the author of the thesis, is also introduced in a separate chapter. The thesis also includes analytical chapters discussing the long-term development of the family and household structure...

Single-parent families in the Czech Republic from census and sample surveys Abstract The main objective of this thesis is to comprehensively chart as much as possible what we can learn about single-parent families in the Czech Republic from all publicly available data sources, such as surveys and censuses. Incomplete families are viewed from a historical and the contemporary perspective and the expected development of a structure for the future is also shown. Single-parent families are a contemporary phenomenon because the number of dependent children in the incomplete families in the Czech republic has increased by almost a half in the last fifteen years. The thesis provides information about various data sources regarding single-parent families and it evaluates their use and comparability for the research. It also contains an analysis of the structure of families and households based on the population development and census data in the Czech Republic. The financial situation of single-parent families is examined in detail - their income expenditure, individual groups of cash expenditures. The thesis also focuses on the description of their apartment's facilities. Based on the results of the generated forecasts of the number of nuclear families in the Czech Republic for the period 2015-2050, which comes...