• Refine Query
  • Source
  • Publication year
  • to
  • Language
  • 1
  • Tagged with
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Bioprospec??o de polissacar?deos sulfatados de macroalgas marinhas do litoral do Rio Grande do Norte: caracteriza??o de uma heterofucana extra?da da alga marron Sargassum filipendula que induz apoptose em c?lulas HeLa

Costa, Leandro Silva 08 March 2012 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:03:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 LeandroSC_DISSERT_1-68.pdf: 3005513 bytes, checksum: 4d385177273793fb97add8fa79a198b9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-03-08 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / The coast of Rio Grande do Norte has more than 100 species of seaweed, mostly unexplored regarding their pharmacological potential. The sulfated polysaccharides (PS) are by far the more seaweed compounds studied, these present a range of biological properties, such as anticoagulant activity, anti-inflammatory, antitumor and antioxidant properties. In this study, we extract sulfated polysaccharide rich-extracts of eleven algae from the coast of Rio Grande do Norte (Dictyota cervicornis; Dictiopterys delicatula; Dictyota menstruallis; Dictyota mertensis; Sargassum filipendula; Spatoglossum schr?ederi; Gracilaria caudata; Caulerpa cupresoides; Caulerpa prolifera; Caulerpa sertularioides e Codim isthmocladum), and these were evaluated for the potential anticoagulant, antioxidant and antiproliferative. All polysaccharide extracts showed activity for anticoagulant, antioxidant and/or antiproliferative activity, especially D. delicatula and S. filipendula, which showed the most prominent pharmacological potential, thereby being chosen to have their sulfated polysaccharides extracted. By fractionating method were obtained six fractions rich in sulfated polysaccharides to the algae D. delicatula (DD-0,5V, DD-0, 7V, DD-1,0v, DD-1,3v, DD-1,5v and DD-2,0) and five fractions to the alga S. filipendula (SF-0,5V, SF-0,7V, SF-1,0v, SF-1,5v and SF-2,0v). For the anticoagulant assay only the fractions of D. delicatula showed activity, with emphasis on DD-1, 5v that presented the most prominent activity, with APTT ratio similar to clexane? at 0.1 mg/mL. When evaluated the antioxidant potential, all fractions showed potential in all tests (total antioxidant capacity, hydroxyl and superoxide radicals scavenging, ferrous chelation and reducing power), however, the ability to chelate iron ions appears as the main mechanism antioxidant of sulfated polysaccharides from seaweed. In antiproliferative assay, all heterofucanas showed dose-dependent activity for the inhibition of cell proliferation of HeLa, however, with the exception of SF-0,7V, SF- 1,0v and SF-1,5v, all fractions showed antiproliferative activity against MC3T3, a normal cell line. The heterofucana SF-1,5V had its antiproliferative mechanism of action evaluated. This heterofucan induces apoptosis in HeLa cells by a pathway caspase independent, promoting the release of apoptosis Inducing Factor (AIF) in the cytosol, which in turn induces chromatin condensation and DNA fragmentation into 50Kb fragments. These results are significant in that they provide a mechanistic framework for further exploring the use of SF-1.5v as a novel chemotherapeutics against human cervical cancer. / O litoral do Rio Grande do Norte apresenta mais de 100 esp?cies de macroalgas marinhas, a maioria delas ainda n?o explorada quanto ao seu potencial farmacol?gico. Os polissacar?deos sulfatados (PS) s?o de longe os compostos de macroalgas marinhas mais estudados, sendo atribu?da a estes uma gama de propriedades biol?gicas, como: atividade anticoagulante, antiinflamat?ria, antitumoral e antioxidante. Neste trabalho, obteve-se extratos ricos em polissacar?deos de onze algas do litoral do Rio Grande do Norte (Dictyota cervicornis; Dictiopterys delicatula; Dictyota menstruallis; Dictyota mertensis; Sargassum filipendula; Spatoglossum schr?ederi; Gracilaria caudata; Caulerpa cupresoides; Caulerpa prolifera; Caulerpa sertularioides e Codium isthmocladum), e estas foram avaliadas quanto ao seu potencial anticoagulante, antioxidante e antiproliferativo frente ? linhagem celular tumoral HeLa. Todos os extratos polissacar?dicos apresentaram atividades anticoagulante, antioxidante e/ou antiproliferativa, com destaque para os das algas D. delicatula e S. filipendula, que apresentaram os maiores ?ndices de potencial farmacol?gico, sendo, portanto, escolhidas para serem submetidos a passos posteriores de purifica??o de seus polissacar?deos sulfatados. Atrav?s do fracionamento com volumes crescentes de acetona foram obtidas seis fra??es ricas em polissacar?deos sulfatados da alga D. delicatula (DD-0,5v, DD-0,7v, DD-1,0v, DD-1,3v, DD-1,5v e DD-2,0v) e cinco fra??es da alga S. filipendula (SF-0,5v, SF- 0,7v, SF-1,0v, SF-1,5v e SF-2,0v). An?lises f?sico-qu?micas mostraram que estas s?o ricas em heterofucanas sulfatadas. Apenas as fra??es da alga D. delicatula apresentaram atividade anticoagulante, com destaque para DD-1,5v que apresentou a atividade mais proeminente com raz?o de APTT semelhante ? clexane?, f?rmaco anticoagulante comercial. Quando avaliadas com rela??o ao potencial antioxidante todas as fra??es apresentaram atividade em todos os testes realizados (Capacidade antioxidante total, sequestro de radicais super?xido e hidroxila, quela??o f?rrica e atividade redutora), entretanto, a capacidade de quela??o de ?ons ferro aparece como o principal mecanismo antioxidante dos polissacar?deos sulfatados dessas macroalgas marinhas. No ensaio antiproliferativo, todas as heterofucanas apresentaram atividades dose-dependente para a inibi??o da prolifera??o celular de HeLa, entretanto, as fra??es SF-0,7v, SF-1,0v e SF-1,5v apresentaram atividade espec?fica para esta linhagem celular, n?o inibindo a prolifera??o da linhagem celular normal MC3T3, sendo a heterofucana SF-1,5v escolhida para ter seu mecanismo de a??o antiproliferativo determinado. SF-1,5v induz a apoptose em c?lulas HeLa principalmente atrav?s de uma via independente da ativa??o das caspases, promovendo a libera??o do Fator Indutor da Apoptose (AIF) no citosol, que por sua vez induz a condensa??o da cromatina e fragmenta??o do DNA em fragmentos de 50Kb. Este trabalho ? o primeiro relato mostrando uma heterofucana cujo principal mecanismo antiproliferativo ? a libera??o de AIF mitocondrial para o citosol, o que torna SF-1,5v um promissor f?rmaco na terapia antitumoral, possibilitando uma alternativa aos quimioter?picos tradicionais.

Page generated in 0.0839 seconds