Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2017-09-04T20:38:58Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DanieleDeSouzaMarinhoDoNascimento_DISSERT.pdf: 2192295 bytes, checksum: 73b11671b4d2ac4a205f4fba79f5180a (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-09-06T19:07:23Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DanieleDeSouzaMarinhoDoNascimento_DISSERT.pdf: 2192295 bytes, checksum: 73b11671b4d2ac4a205f4fba79f5180a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-09-06T19:07:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DanieleDeSouzaMarinhoDoNascimento_DISSERT.pdf: 2192295 bytes, checksum: 73b11671b4d2ac4a205f4fba79f5180a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-06-22 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico (CNPq) / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / A obesidade ? considerada um importante problema de sa?de p?blica, sendo um fator de risco para v?rias doen?as cr?nicas como doen?as cardiovasculares, hipertens?o, diabetes e outras. A Baccharis trimera (Less.) DC, conhecida popularmente como carqueja, ? uma planta medicinal utilizada na medicina tradicional em v?rias partes do Brasil. Para tal, infus?es, decoc??es e tinturas de suas folhas s?o produzidas e utilizadas para o tratamento da obesidade, diabetes, assim como diur?ticos, agentes digestivos, antiinflamat?rios, dentre outros. Neste trabalho, com intuito de respaldar o potencial medicinal da carqueja, extratos de folhas de Baccharis trimera foram obtidos, caracterizados qu?mica e fitoquimicamente e avaliados com rela??o ? sua atividade antioxidante e antiadipog?nica. Foram obtidos tr?s extratos: aquoso (AE), decoco (AE-D) e metan?lico (ME); a partir destes, foram realizados seis diferentes ensaios antioxidantes in vitro: ensaio do radical super?xido e hidroxila, poder redutor, capacidade antioxidante total e quela??o dos ?ons ferro e cobre. Bem como, foi avaliada sua poss?vel atividade antiadipog?nica com os testes de oil red O, glicerol livre e mensura??o de fatores de transcri??o adipog?nicos C/EBP?, C/EBP? e PPAR?. Na caracteriza??o fitoqu?mica, revelou-se a presen?a de flavonoides (?cido clorog?nico e apigenina) e compostos fen?licos nos extratos AE e AE-D. Quanto a atividade antioxidante, verificou-se uma atividade dose-dependente. Em rela??o ? atividade antiadipog?nica, a Baccharis trimera inibiu significantemente tanto a diferencia??o e ac?mulo de gordura nos adip?citos pelo MDA, quanto a express?o dos fatores de transcri??o C/EBP?, C/EBP? e PPAR?, durante a adipog?nese todas em rela??o dose-dependente. Este trabalho sugere que Baccharis trimera possui ?tima atividade antioxidante, prevenindo o estresse oxidativo, podendo contribuir para a diminui??o da adipog?nese, al?m de possuir ?tima atividade antiadipog?nica. Este foi o primeiro trabalho que demonstrou o potencial efeito de extratos de Baccharis trimera na diferencia??o de adip?citos 3T3-L1 em adip?citos. / Obesity is considered an important public health problem, being a risk factor for several chronic diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, hypertension, diabetes and other. Baccharis trimera (Less.) DC (carqueja) is a medicinal plant used in traditional medicine in various parts of Brazil. Infusions, decoctions and tinctures of its leaves are produced and used for the treatment of obesity and diabetes, and also as diuretics, digestive agents, anti-inflammatory drugs, among others. In this work, in order to support the medicinal potential of carqueja, extracts of Baccharis trimera leaves were obtained, characterized chemically and phytochemically and evaluated in relation to their antioxidant and antiadipogenic activities. Three extracts were obtained: aqueous (AE), decoco (AE-D) and methanolic (ME); From these, six different in vitro antioxidant assays were performed: superoxide and hydroxyl radical assay, reducing power, total antioxidant capacity and chelation of iron and copper ions. As well, its possible antiadipogenic activity was evaluated with oil red O, free glycerol and measurement of adipogenic transcription factors C / EBP?, C / EBP? and PPAR?. Phytochemical characterization revealed the presence of flavonoids (chlorogenic acid and apigenin) and phenolic compounds in extracts AE and AE-D. As for the antioxidant activity, a dose-dependent activity was observed. Regarding antiadipogenic activity, Baccharis trimera significantly inhibited the differentiation and accumulation of fat in adipocytes by MDA in a dose-dependent relationship and significantly reduced the expression of the transcription factors C / EBP?, C / EBP? and PPAR?, during adipogenesis in a relation dose-dependent too. This work suggests that Baccharis trimera has an excellent antioxidant activity, preventing oxidative stress, and may contribute to the decrease of adipogenesis, besides having an excellent antiadipogenic activity. This was the first work that demonstrated the potential effect of Baccharis trimera extracts on the differentiation of 3T3-L1 adipocytes into adipocytes.

Submitted by PPG Pediatria e Sa?de da Crian?a (pediatria-pg@pucrs.br) on 2018-01-02T16:42:12Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese Lidiane.pdf: 1449534 bytes, checksum: 483272938ee77a60ad54caa8f898d243 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Caroline Xavier (caroline.xavier@pucrs.br) on 2018-01-24T12:15:04Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese Lidiane.pdf: 1449534 bytes, checksum: 483272938ee77a60ad54caa8f898d243 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-01-24T12:17:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese Lidiane.pdf: 1449534 bytes, checksum: 483272938ee77a60ad54caa8f898d243 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-08-31 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / Introduction: acute bronchiolitis (AB) is an inflammatory disease of the airways considered the most common pathology of the lower respiratory tract in childhood. Responsible for a large number of hospitalizations in infants is one of the leading respiratory diseases worldwide, raising the costs of health care in infants. According to epidemiological data, between 75,000 and 125,000 children are hospitalized in the United States each year with infections caused by respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), accounting for approximately 25% of pediatric pneumonia and up to 70% of hospitalizations for acute bronchiolitis. Children with deficiencies in cell-mediated immunity can develop more severe and prolonged infections. Activation of the mTOR, STAT-3 and STAT-6 signaling pathways have been identified as key regulators in different functions of the immune system. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the gene expression of mTOR, STAT-3, STAT-6 and AB severity. Methods: it is a cohort study that included a group of infants less than 12 months old with AB admitted to a tertiary hospital in Porto Alegre, Brazil. Nasopharyngeal lavage was collected from all patients and stored in Trizol solution at -80?C at the Biomedical Research Institute (IPB) of PUCRS for subsequent extraction of RNA and cDNA synthesis. Specific primers were used to verify the relative expression of mTOR, STAT-3 and STAT-6 by means of real-time PCR. The results obtained were correlated with AB severity markers such as hospitalization time and wheezing time. Results: for the analysis of expression of the mTOR signaling protein and transcription factors STAT-3 and STAT-6, 23 patients hospitalized with AB were included. A general correlation was made between clinical markers (days of hospitalization and days of wheezing) and expression of signaling pathways. Data were stratified according to severity markers and showed a trend towards decreased mTOR expression in patients with a wheezing time equal to or greater than 5 days (r = -0.702 and p = 0.024). However, the STAT-3 and STAT-6 signaling pathways were not correlated with AB severity factors when applied in this group of patients. Conclusion: transcription factors are essential for generating effective immune responses. mTOR, STAT-3 and STAT-6 participate in the expression of a variety of genes in response to cellular stimuli and may play a key role in the manifestation of the disease. Our data demonstrate the decrease in mTOR expression, with improvement in clinical markers of severity, but other studies are needed to reinforce this finding. / Introdu??o: a bronquiolite aguda (BA) ? uma doen?a inflamat?ria das vias a?reas considerada a patologia mais comum do trato respirat?rio inferior na inf?ncia. Respons?vel por um grande n?mero de hospitaliza??es em lactentes ? uma das principais doen?as respirat?rias em todo o mundo, elevando os custos de cuidados de sa?de em lactentes. Segundo dados epidemiol?gicos, entre 75.000 e 125.000 crian?as s?o hospitalizadas nos Estados Unidos anualmente com infec??es causadas pelo v?rus sincicial respirat?rio (VSR), respondendo por aproximadamente 25% das pneumonias pedi?tricas e at? 70% das interna??es por bronquiolite aguda (BA). As crian?as com defici?ncia na imunidade mediada por c?lulas podem desenvolver infec??es mais graves e prolongadas. A ativa??o das vias de sinaliza??o mTOR, STAT-3 e STAT-6 t?m sido identificadas como reguladores-chave em diferentes fun??es do sistema imune. O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar a rela??o entre a express?o g?nica de mTOR, STAT-3, STAT-6 e a gravidade da BA. M?todos: trata-se de um estudo de coorte onde foi inclu?do um grupo de lactentes de idade inferior a 12 meses, com BA, internados em um hospital terci?rio de Porto Alegre, Brasil. Foi coletado lavado nasofar?ngeo de todos os pacientes e armazenados em solu??o de Trizol ? temperatura de -80?C no Instituto de Pesquisas Biom?dicas (IPB) da PUCRS para posterior extra??o de RNA e s?ntese de cDNA. Foram utilizados os iniciadores espec?ficos para verificar a express?o relativa de mTOR, STAT-3 e STAT-6 por meio de PCR em tempo real. Os resultados obtidos foram correlacionados com marcadores de gravidade da BA como tempo de interna??o e tempo de sibil?ncia. Resultados: para a an?lise da express?o da prote?na de sinaliza??o mTOR e fatores de transcri??o STAT-3 e STAT-6, foram inclu?dos 23 pacientes hospitalizados com BA. Foi realizada uma correla??o geral entre os marcadores cl?nicos (dias de interna??o e dias de sibil?ncia) e a express?o das vias de sinaliza??o. Os dados foram estratificados de acordo com os marcadores de severidade e mostraram uma tend?ncia para a diminui??o da express?o de mTOR em pacientes com tempo de sibil?ncia igual ou superior a 5 dias (r = -0,702 e p = 0,024). No entanto, as vias de sinaliza??o STAT-3 e STAT-6 n?o foram correlacionadas com fatores de gravidade da BA quando aplicadas neste grupo de pacientes. Conclus?o: os fatores de transcri??o s?o essenciais para gerar respostas imunes eficazes. O mTOR, STAT-3 e STAT-6 participam na express?o de uma variedade de genes em resposta a est?mulos celulares e podem desempenhar um papel-chave na manifesta??o da doen?a. Nossos dados demonstram a diminui??o da express?o de mTOR, com melhora dos marcadores cl?nicos de gravidade, por?m outros estudos s?o necess?rios para refor?ar este achado.