A dissertation submitted to the faculty of science, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, in fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science. July 6, 2017. / We study the collective field theory of a free multi-matrix model in the radial sector, which has an emergent 1/r2 term, and take the large N limit. We show that it is possible to generate 2−d metrics with generic dependence on the collective field Lagrange multiplier (μ) and potential and which are distinguished by the choice of the potential. The Lagrange multiplier is shown to depend on an induced scale parameter after an I.R. regularization and breaks scale invariance. The collective field sl(2, R) algebras of the free Hamiltonian and a related alternative compact operator only close in the absence of μ. We point out that the broken conformal symmetry is contained in the associated metrics which suggests that they are related to a Near-AdS2 geometry. We also comment on the resemblance of these metrics to black hole solutions. / MT2018

A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Science, University of the Witwatersrand, in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy February 2017. / In this dissertation we exploit the Ads slash CFT correspondence to describe a system of strings suspended between giant gravitons. The strings can be in an excited state. The excitations of the strings can be given a particle-like description and are known as magnons. The proposed gauge invariant operators used to construct a complete description of this system belong to the su(2) sector of the N = 4 SYM. Using an open spin chain description of the suspended strings, the states of the system we consider enjoy an SU 2j2)2 symmetry. By making use of this symmetry, we compute the all loop anomalous dimensions of these operators. The spectrum of the dilatation operator in the su(2) sector of the theory is reproduced in the dual gravity description. In the dual theory, the energies of the magnons are computed using strings in a background LLM geometry and the results are in complete agreement with the anomalous dimensions of the operators we have considered. Using the symmetries enjoyed by our system we achieve a complete determination - up to an overall phase - of the reection/scattering matrix between a boundary magnon and a bulk magnon. Thus, although the open boundary conditions of the spin chain spoil integrability. The two-loop subleading correction to the dilatation operator is also explored. This subleading term corresponds to a correction of the magnon energies. The computation of this subleading term requires consideration of the giant's backreaction on their excitations. We nd that this backreaction implies a nontrivial mixing of the dual operators and this mixing is characterized completely. / MT2017

MSc., Faculty of Science, University of the Witwatersrand, 2011 / Anomalous dimensions are calculated for a certain class of operators in the restricted Schur polynomial basis in the large N limit. A new computationally simple form of the dilatation operator is derived and used in this dissertation. The class of operators investigated have bare dimension of O(N). Thus the calculation necessarily sums non-planar Feynmann diagrams as the planar approximation has broken down for operators of this size. The operators investigated have two long columns and the operators mix under the action of the dilatation operator, however the mixing of operators having a different number of columns is suppressed and can be neglected in the large N limit. The action of the one loop dilatation operator is explicitly calculated for the cases where the operators have two, three and four impurities and it is found that in a particular limit the action of the one loop dilatation operator reduces to that of a discrete second derivative. The lattice on which the discretised second derivative is defined is provided by the Young tableaux itself. The one loop dilatation operator is diagonalised numerically and produces a surprisingly simple linear spectrum, with interesting degeneracies. The spectrum can be understood in terms of a collection of harmonic oscillators. The frequencies of the oscillators are all multiples of 8g2Y M and can be related to the set of Young tableaux acted upon by the dilatation operator. This equivalence to harmonic oscillators generalises on previously found results in the BPS sector, and suggests that the system is integrable. The work presented here is based primarily on research carried out by R.de Mello Koch, V De Comarmond, and K. Jefferies in [1].

In this work we discuss the application of high energy theory methods to the study of condensed matter problems. We focus in particular on the effective field theory (EFT) approach and on the holographic duality. We show that, in certain contexts, both techniques present some relevant advantages with respect to more standard approaches. In particular, we will study holographic superfluids, and make explicit connection between the holographic picture and the EFT one. We also determine for the first time the gravity dual of a solid, and show that it undergoes a first order phase transition, a “holographic melting”. On a more phenomenological ground, we study the motion of vortex lines in a confined superfluid. Using a suitable EFT we successfully reproduce the experimental results, and perform a number of steps forward with respect to traditional methods. Finally, we also discuss possible exciting directions for the future of EFTs and condensed matter.

Orientador: Denis Dalmazi / Banca: Marcelo Hott / Banca: Nathan Jacob Berkovits / Resumo: Nesta disserta,ão obtemos modelos duais de rank superior para partículas de spin-0, spin-1 e spin-2 em D-dimensões utilizando a técnica da ação mestra. Como introdução obtemos um modelo simples para uma partícula de spin-0 utilizando um campo vetorial o qual servirá de paradigma para os capítulos posteriores. Verificamos o conteúdo físico obtido através de suas equações de movimento, propriedades analíticas do propagador e do algoritmo de Dirac-Bergman para sistemas vinculados. No caso de partículas de spin-1, fazemos um acoplamento mínimo na ação mestra tanto com o campo gravitacional quanto com o campo eletromagnético o que resulta, curiosamente, no aparecimento de termos não mínimos nas ações descendentes / Abstract: In this master thesis we obtain dual models of the higher rank type for particles of spin-0, spin-1 and spin-2 in D-dimensions by using the master action technique. As an introduction we obtain a simple model for a spin-0 particle by using a vectorial field which serve as paradigm for the next chapters. We verify the particle content of the models through the analysis of the equations of motion, analytical properties of the propagator and we count the degrees of freedom by using the Dirac-Bergman algorithm for constrained systems. In the case of spin-1 particles, we do a minimal coupling in the master action first with the gravitational field and secondly with the electromagnetic field which result, curiously, in the appearance of non minimal couplings terms in the descendent actions / Mestre

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Texas at Austin, 2000. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 117-118). Available also in a digital version from Dissertation Abstracts.

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Erratum (14 leaves) in pocket / Bibliography: leaves 124-128 / x, 128 leaves ; 30 cm. / Title page, contents and abstract only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University Library. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Mathematical Physics,1986

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Florida, 1981. / Description based on print version record. Typescript. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 114-117).