The dissertation thesis Collected Works of Jan Patočka as an Editorial Problem deals with both the samizdat and the printed versions of the collected works of Czech philosopher Jan Patočka (1907 - 1977) and other domestic as well as foreign editions of his work. The Archival Collection of Jan Patočka's Work emerged as the side product, to some extent uncoordinated and intuitive, of the sorting of the author's legacy in the years 1977 - 1989. Nevertheless, the 27 volumes of this unpublished edition represent a fully-fledged attempt to organize a critical edition of Patočka's collected works. At the end of the 1980's, an exile edition was intended, as the outcome of the cooperation of domestic, exiled and foreign community of researchers. The post-revolution Collected Works of Jan Patočka have been published since 1996 and, contrary to the previous series, represent a re-arranged and amended edition. The paper follows the process of scientific reflection, which has accompanied the edition of Patočka's works (both edition series were assembled by the same editorial team of Patočka's disciples.) We describe the use of thematic, chronological and other criteria in the course of the organization of the collected works, the transformation and scope of editorial commentaries, especially when dealing with the areas...

This work deals with the search for the possibility of fine art with the world of religions, which appears in their common language of symbols and figurative expression. These facts may subsequently be placed in religious education. Basic theoretical definition of these disciplines is devoted to the first chapter, which also suggests the principles that determine the further procedure. The second chapter is a reflection of the interdisciplinary cooperation of the social sciences, that the phenomena of religion and the arts review from their different sectoral aspects. This is in particular on the following areas: anthropology, sociology, psychology and theology. On the experience of art and religious experience, and their mutual context deals with the third chapter. In the fourth chapter of this work devoted to the question of the symbol, its potential use in religion and the arts, and also a treatise on the character in fine art and the metaphor in biblical texts.This unit is concluded by an evaluation of individual methods that can be applied when working with image in religious education. They are: Didactics of correlation, didactics of the symbol, the didactics of biblical text and an image or the interpretation of the symbol, which are supplemented by the new program "Philosophy for children". These didactic and methodological theory have been applied in the modeling design for possible application in the teaching of religion.

This paper analyzes the content of the concept of social justice involvement in the broader context of the application of the principles of state social policy applied in the field of social security of citizens. The first part is devoted to the major theories of justice of the last century and their analysis in terms of the evaluation criteria of two most prominent schools of thought, i.e. liberalism and communitarianism. The paper describes the difference of opinion on the formation of a just society with emphasis on the difficulty of choice associated with preferences of the basic ideas of liberalism and communitarianism. The conclusion contains argumentative attitudes related to a different interpretation of the concept of social justice in the context of the degree of implementation of the principles of solidarity, subsidiarity and market mechanism in the field of social policy. What has become desirable in today's society is a necessity for legislative changes, but chiefly changes in citizens' behaviour and access to their own lives.

This work discourses about the teaching of bulgarian {--} french philosopher, pedagogue and spiritual teacher Omraam Mikhaël Aivanhov. It is divided in several thematic chapters discoursing always a certain philosofical {--} spiritual theme from the point of view how is it treated in the teaching of Aivanhov. Among those themes are for example: Creation, Good and evil, About God, Jesus and Christ, Reincarnation, Soul, Ressurection, Holy Trinity. Aivanhov has fresh and undogmatic approach to these themes and he accents that his teaching can serve to a man for the practical work on him or herself. He does not stick to any particular tradition neither he arteficially syncretizes. He rather sees the various levels of the creation and its Creator as a reality which has universal laws and principles. And a mission of man is according to Aivanhov to discover those laws and principles and to live in harmony with them.

The thesis analyzes the crisis of authority in education. The first part deals with an analysis of the contemporary concept of authority; the definition of dimensions, legitimacy, power, bureaucracy, charisma, obedience to authority, authoritarianism, and the definition of the crisis of authority in society. The second part evaluates the knowledge, defines crisis of authority in education, analyses the roots of this crisis, and offers a solution. The final part deals with the definition of animation as a third dimension of education and defines its potential benefits in the issue of crisis of autority.

Martin Haloun Normality and Normativity Annotation: The thesis Normality and Normativity is concerned with the problems of the relation of normal and abnormal. The analysis of the expression 'normal' is the introduction of the topic followed by the demonstration that there are multiple meanings of the normal that do not always coincide. During the description of the aspects of norm and normal the fundamental relations between facts and prescriptions will have to be taken into account. The full meaning of the notion normal will be demonstrated on the basis of its relation to the pathological and healthy. A definition of health presented in this thesis, which takes into consideration the specifics of the normal, is based on the works of George Canguilhem and Kurt Goldstein. The crucial moment is the understanding of disease as a reaction of an organism to the limitation of the milieu. An important factor is the introduction of vital normativity that is intrinsic to the living being. This conception opposes the influential conception which identifies the state of health with certain physiological criteria - standards of health - advocated among others by Claude Bernard. At the end of the thesis we will shortly overview the norms as formative aspect in a society. The sociological view of norms that is...

The goal of this master thesis is to summarise theoretical knowledge and characteristics of the corporate image and characteristics of public relations and subsequently to practice the PR audit and the research of the corporate image by the key target groups in the surrounding of the organization. An optimazing approach to the communication process has been developed based by outputs from the PR audit. The analysis and the research were conducted on a higher educational institution XY Ltd. The analysis of the material facts through the scientific literature and company internal documents and personal partially standardised interview were used as a methodological background for the PR audit. The subjective attitudes of the key target groups of interested persons towards corporate image was conducted with the help of questionionnaires.

Many scientific disciplines rely on the construction and use of models: biomedical sciences are no exception. This PhD thesis addresses several aspects of the practice of scientific modeling. First, I discuss the nature of modeling as such, proposing a novel, complementary account of scientific modeling which I term the experimentation-driven modeling account and which drives the construction of mechanistic models in many fields of biological and biomedical research, such as cancer immunology. Second, I scrutinize an objection to the mechanistic account of explanation according to which the account fails to accommodate the common practice of idealizing difference-making factors. I argue that this objection ultimately fails because it is riddled with a number of conceptual inconsistencies. Third, I analyze the roles of similarity judgments in some fields of cancer research which employ a variety of mouse models to learn about the disease mechanisms, arguing that by appreciating the epistemic complexities it is possible to shed new light on more general philosophical debates regarding scientific representation. Fourth, mechanisms can also be studied using more theoretical apparatus in the form of simulations. I investigate an example of an agent-based model used to model the outbreak of SARS-CoV-2...

Descartes' Conception of the First Principles RNDr. Bc. Pavel KŘÍŽEK Master's degree thesis, Prague, June 2017 Summary In this Master's thesis, seven interpretations of Descartes' Cogito are reviewed. The introductory chapter presents a brief explanation of the origin and development of Descartes' views on the role of the first philosophical principles, in fact, the principles of certain knowledge, that is, principles understood by him as the necessary and indispensable starting point for laying the foundations of all science. First - naturally - Descartes' own diverse formulations of Cogito are reproduced. Then, based on relevant text and (their) broader context, all Descartes' necessary concepts and terms concerning Cogito are systematically explained. The second chapter, which is the core of the entire study, contains short reviews of seven interpretations of Descartes' Cogito as presented in a number of established academic publications as well as in more recent papers. Every review is then briefly commented on. The authors of the seven interpretations were chosen to show the differences in understanding and explaining Descartes' first principle, as established on the European continent by the philosophical traditions of German-speaking countries, beginning with Hegel's attitude towards Descartes, on...

Tomáš Pivoda, The Multiplicity of Being: The Ontology of Alain Badiou PhD thesis Abstract The thesis introduces for the first time in the Czech philosophical context the ontology of the French philosopher Alain Badiou, as he set it out in his fundamental work Being and Event (L'être et l'événement, 1988). It first presents the starting point of Badiou's philosophy as well as the reasons of his identification of ontology with the set theory, and it points out Badiou's importance for contemporary philosophy, especially for the so called speculative realism around Quentin Meillassoux. The main axis of the exposition is then built around Badiou's four fundamental "Ideas": the multiplicity, the event, the truths and the subject, in connection with which it is shown how Badiou constructs his conceptual apparatus out of individual axioms of the set theory, whereby he follows the basic formal definition of multiplicity based on the operator . In connection with∈ the first Idea of multiplicity, the thesis exposes - with references to Martin Heidegger and Plato - Badiou's conceptual transposition of the couple one/multiple on the couple existence/being and defines the fundamental concepts of his ontology - the situation, the presentation, the representation and the void, with the help of which Badiou interprets...