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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
51

Ferroelectric phase transitions in oxide perovskites studied by XAFS /

Ravel, Bruce D. January 1997 (has links)
Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Washington, 1997. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. [153]-167).
52

Local structural studies of oriented high temperature superconducting cuprates by polarized XAFS spectroscopy /

Haskel, Daniel, January 1998 (has links)
Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Washington, 1998. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. [225]-236).
53

XAFS study of solid-solid transitions under high pressure /

Wang, Fuming M., January 1998 (has links)
Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Washington, 1998. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. [139]-145).
54

Aplicação do Método de Monte Carlo no estudo da atividade obtida em sistema de coincidências 4π(β,EC)-γ pelo Método da Discriminação com reposição / Application of the Monte Carlo Method to the study of the activity obtained in a 4π(β,EC)-γ coincidence system by the Discrimination with Reposition Method

CORREA, GUSTAVO P. 22 June 2016 (has links)
Submitted by Claudinei Pracidelli (cpracide@ipen.br) on 2016-06-22T12:55:19Z No. of bitstreams: 0 / Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-22T12:55:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / Dissertação (Mestrado em Tecnologia Nuclear) / IPEN/D / Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP
55

Aplicação do Método de Monte Carlo no estudo da atividade obtida em sistema de coincidências 4π(β,EC)-γ pelo Método da Discriminação com reposição / Application of the Monte Carlo Method to the study of the activity obtained in a 4π(β,EC)-γ coincidence system by the Discrimination with Reposition Method

CORREA, GUSTAVO P. 22 June 2016 (has links)
Submitted by Claudinei Pracidelli (cpracide@ipen.br) on 2016-06-22T12:55:19Z No. of bitstreams: 0 / Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-22T12:55:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / O objetivo do presente trabalho foi o de estabelecer uma nova característica ao programa de Monte Carlo ESQUEMA, destinado a simular todo o processo de detecção em um sistema de coincidência 4π(β,EC)-γ e possibilitou o conhecimento antecipado do comportamento da atividade aparente da fonte radioativa como função da eficiência do detector 4π. Esta metodologia foi aplicada anteriormente para os casos onde a eficiência é variada pela colocação de absorvedores sobre a fonte radioativa ou variando-se o nível de discriminação eletrônica, com a exclusão completa das contagens abaixo deste nível. No presente trabalho, esta metodologia foi modificada com a inclusão dos eventos não coincidentes abaixo do nível de discriminação eletrônica, adotado para a via beta. Desta forma, a curva de extrapolação passa a ter um comportamento rigorosamente linear e o valor extrapolado corresponde a atividade da fonte radioativa, esperando-se obter uma melhor acurácia no seu valor. Esta alteração é inovadora e particularmente apropriada para ser aplicada ao caso de medidas com o Sistema de Coincidências por Software (SCS), desenvolvido recentemente pelo LMN. O trabalho consiste na modificação de um programa desenvolvido no LMN, denominado ESQUEMA, que leva em conta as características gerais de um esquema de desintegração complexo, incluindo-se os diversos tipos de transição, além das características experimentais do sistema de medidas por coincidência 4π(β,EC)-γ. Estas modificações permitem a obtenção das curvas de extrapolação, aplicando-se o método proposto de Discriminação com Reposição. O software MCNP5 é usado para simular o transporte de radiação. A simulação de Monte Carlo é comparada com valores experimentais para o radionuclídeo padronizados no LMN, o 111In . / Dissertação (Mestrado em Tecnologia Nuclear) / IPEN/D / Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP
56

Estudo da estrutura local da família RMn2O5 (R=Bi, Tb, Gd, Pr) / Local structure study of the family RMn205 (R=Bi, Tb, Gd,Pr)

Fabbris, Gilberto Fernandes Lopes 14 August 2018 (has links)
Orientadores: Gustavo Fernandes Lopes, Eduardo Granado Monteiro da Silva / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Fisica Gleb Wataghin / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-14T22:47:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Fabbris_GilbertoFernandesLopes_M.pdf: 3782519 bytes, checksum: d66cd36be4756310d108388eaef23b5e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009 / Resumo: Materiais multiferróicos apresentam pelo menos duas propriedades ferróicas na mesma temperatura: (anti) ferroeletricidade, (anti) ferromagnetismo, ou ferroelasticidade. Esses materiais têm atraído grande atenção da comunidade científica nos últimos anos devido às suas potenciais aplicações e ao complexo acoplamento entre suas propriedades, o que ainda não é bem compreendido. Neste trabalho, nos concentramos nos materiais multiferróicos da família RMn2O5, que possuem estrutura ortorrômbica com grupo espacial Pbam. Nestes compostos, a transição antiferromagnética acontece a ~40K e a ferroelétrica em torno de 39K para todos os membros da família. A ferroeletricidade vista nesse material é incompatível com o centro de simetria existente no grupo espacial Pbam. Resultados de EXAFS para o composto TbMn2O5 existentes na literatura indicam uma distribuição bimodal de Tb-O na primeira camada de coordenação. Este desdobramento da primeira camada de coordenação independe da temperatura e indica uma possível variação do grupo espacial Pbam. Tais resultados nos motivaram a empreender o estudo da estrutura local da família RMn2O5 a fim de entendermos a correlação entre a estrutura local e a natureza do íon R. Medidas do espectro de XAFS como função da temperatura foram realizadas na linha XAFS2 do Laboratório Nacional de Luz Síncrotron (LNLS). Foram realizadas varreduras na borda K do Mn e em torno da borda L3 dos íons R (Bi, Gd, Pr, Tb). Os resultados para a borda do manganês em todos os compostos indicam que os poliedros de MnO são rígidos. Já na borda do íon R há comportamentos distintos. Enquanto no composto com bismuto observamos uma possível vibração rígida dos poliedros de MnO, para os outros compostos estudados identificamos uma distorção rígida desses poliedros. O comportamento distinto do composto com Bi, em relação aos demais membros da família, parece estar relacionado ao lone pair do bismuto / Abstract: Multiferroic materials present, at the same temperature, at least two of the so-called ferroic properties: (anti) ferroelectricity, (anti) ferromagnetism and ferroelasticity. They have attracted great attention in the last few years due to their potential applications as well as from the basic science point of view, given the intricate coupling between their physical properties, which remains poorly understood. In this work, we have focused on the study of the RMn2O5 family multiferroic materials. Their crystalline structure belongs to the Pbam orthorhombic space group, with an antiferromagnetic and ferroelectric phase transition temperatures below 40 K and 39K, respectively. Such ferroelectric phase is incompatible with the inversion center of symmetry in the Pbam space group. Recently published EXAFS results for TbM n2O5 revealed a first coordination shell with a bimodal Tb-O bond length distribution. Such bond length splitting is temperature-independent and may be related to a change of the Pbam space group. Such results were our main motivation to undertake a systematic study of the local structure of the RMn2O5 multiferroic family, aiming at a better understanding the correlation between the ion R and the local structure. Mn K-Edge and R-ion L3 Edge (R=Bi, Gd, Pr, Tb) temperature-dependent XAFS measurements were performed at the Brazilian Synchrotron Light Laboratory XAFS2 beam line. Results for the Mn K-edge in all studied compounds reveal the Mn-O coordination polyhedral are rigid. The R-ion results reveal distinct behaviours. For the R=Bi compound, we identified that low energy Mn-O rigid unit vibrational modes are likely to be operative. For the other compounds, we have identified a rigid distortion of the Mn-O polyhedra. The distinct behavior of the BiMn2O5 seems to be related to the Bi 6s2 lone pair / Mestrado / Física da Matéria Condensada / Mestre em Física
57

Condensat de Bose-Einstein par refroidissement évaporatif dans un piège dipolaire pour la métrologie par interférométrie atomique / Bose-Einstein condensate by evaporative cooling in a dipole trap applied to metrology by atom interferometry

Courvoisier, Clément 07 October 2016 (has links)
Le travail de recherche réalisé dans le cadre de mon projet de doctorat a consisté à concevoir, construire et caractériser un nouveau dispositif expérimental fondé sur une source atomique refroidie par évaporation dans un piège dipolaire optique. Il vise à améliorer l’incertitude sur la mesure du rapport h/m entre la constante de Planck et la masse d’un atome de rubidium, en réduisant l’effet de la phase de Gouy et de courbure du front d’onde.Dans un premier temps, nous avons étudié différentes configurations optiques pour optimiser le taux de chargement du piège dipolaire : le faisceau de 50 W à 1070 nm est mis en forme pour constituer un double faisceau réservoir de 93 µm de waist, ainsi qu’un faisceau fin croisé de waist 20 µm. Après avoir optimisé et caractérisé le processus d’évaporation, nous avons obtenu un condensat de Bose-Einstein.Par ailleurs, nous avons mis en place, pour l’interférométrie Raman, un nouveau système laser utilisant des sources primaires à 1560 nm doublées en fréquence. Nous avons conçu un double asservissement : il permet d’une part d’asservir en phase les deux sources laser et, d’autre part, de corriger le bruit de phase accumulé dans les amplificateurs à fibres.Le nouveau dispositif expérimental est aujourd’hui prêt à réaliser l’interférométrie atomique sur le condensat de Bose-Einstein. / This research work fulfilled as part of my PhD project involved to design, build and characterise a new experimental setup based on an atom source by evaporative cooling in an optical dipole trap. It goes after the improvement of the uncertainty on the measurement of the ratio h/m between Planck’s constant and the rubidium atom mass, reducing the Gouy phase and wavefront curvature.In a first step we have studied several optical configurations to optimise the dipole trap loading: the 50 W beam at 1070 nm is shaped in a double 93 µm waist reservoir and one crossed 20 µm waist dimple. After having optimised and caracterised the evaporative process, we obtained one Bose-Einstein condensate.Furthermore, for Raman interferometry, we set up a new laser system at 1560 nm based on frequency doubling. We developed a double cervo loop: on the one hand, it allows to phase lock the two laser sources, and on the other hand to correct phase noise accumulated in fibered amplifiers.Today, our new experimental setup is ready to perform atom interferometry on a Bose-Einstein condensate.
58

Investigations On Alkali Borovanadate, Molybdophosphate And Tungstophosphate Glasses

Muthupari, S 06 1900 (has links) (PDF)
No description available.
59

Arsenic Distribution and Speciation in Antigorite-Rich Rocks from Vermont, USA

Niu, Lijie January 2011 (has links)
Summary Serpentinites from the northern Vermont were examined for the distribution and abundance of As. XRD and electron microprobe showed the samples are composed of antigorite, chromite, magnetite, and carbonate minerals (magnesite, dolomite, calcite). The concentration in As when the samples were dissolved in H3PO4 was 10% of the concentration in As when the samples were dissolved in concentrated HF/HNO3, suggesting that As is mainly incorporated in the structure of antigorite. X-ray absorption near-edge structure spectra showed that the As is As(III) in the samples. Extended X-ray absorption fine structure spectra suggested that the As has a tetrahedral coordination and is located in the Si-site in serpentine.
60

Properties of the interstellar medium of the star-forming galaxy, IC10, at various spatial scales / Propriétés du milieu interstellaire dans la galaxie à formation d’étoiles IC10 à diverses échelles spatiales

Polles, Fiorella Lucia 29 September 2017 (has links)
Les propriétés du milieu interstellaire (MIS) influencent fortement l’environnement et les processus menant à la formation d’étoiles qui, à son tour, dicte l’évolution d’une galaxie. Les galaxies naines du Groupe Local sont de parfaits laboratoires pour comprendre comment le contenu en métaux (ou métallicité) du MIS affecte l’interaction entre le gaz, la poussière et les étoiles. Mon travail de thèse porte sur les propriétés physiques des régions HII et du gaz diffus ionisé de la galaxie naine IC10, de métallicité 1/3 solaire. La proximité de cette galaxie (d=700kpc) permet l’analyse du MIS à différentes échelles spatiales: des nuages brillants compacts (25pc) au corps entier de la galaxie formant des étoiles (650pc). Afin de mesurer les propriétés physiques du MIS, j’ai modélisé les raies d’émission en infrarouge observées avec Spitzer et Herschel grâce à des modèles de photoionisation et de photodissociation. Je présente une exploration complète de plusieurs méthodes pour déterminer, de manière la plus fiable et selon les contraintes disponibles, les propriétés du MIS à diverses échelles. J’ai contraint les propriétés des nuages compacts les plus brillants dans IC10 et montré que l’émission à plus grande échelle (300pc) est dominée par celle de ces nuages. Enfin, je démontre le besoin d’un modèle à plusieurs composantes pour reproduire les observations dans leur ensemble. / The properties of the Interstellar Medium (ISM) strongly influence the environment and processes that lead to star-formation, which in turn, drives the evolution of a galaxy. Dwarf galaxies in the Local Group are perfect laboratories to investigate how the metal-poor ISM affects the interplay between gas, dust and stars. In this thesis, I investigate the properties of the HII regions and the diffuse ionized gas of the nearby dwarf galaxy IC10, which has a metallicity of 1/3 solar. Its proximity (d=700 kpc) enables the analysis on different spatial scales: from the compact clumps (~25 pc) to the whole star-forming body of the galaxy (~650pc). In order to measure the physical properties of the ISM, I model the infrared emission lines observed with Spitzer and Herschel with photoionization and photodissociation models. I present an extensive exploration of different methods to determine the most reliable ISM properties, based on the available constraints. I determined the properties of the brightest star-forming clumps within the galaxy and show that the emission at large scales (~300 pc) is dominated by that of the compact, bright clumps that lie within the region. I further demonstrate the need for a multi-component model to fully reproduce the observations.

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