In this thesis, the PC base and DSP base speech keyword retrieval and recognition systems could work. The keywords and describing sentences will not have the limit of word length and could be any languages. Besides, training speech models is not needed anymore. It means that the database gets its expansibility without training speech models again. We can establish the system on the PC base, and calculate the program with fixed-point DSP board. In the processing of speech signal, lots of mathematical functions will be required. We must reach its immediately effect, so that the system could be useful. In addition, compared with floating point, the fixed point DSP cost much less; it makes the system nearer to users. After being tested by experiments, the speech keyword retrieval and recognition system got great recognition and efficiency.

Ministry of Communications promised to give an impetus to "the third trillion Yuan telecommunication industry development plan" on May 2004. They estimated the telecommunication industry will make the output value surpass a trillion Yuan in 2008. In order to achieve this "the third trillion Yuan plan", without doubt, the development of the fixed network industry will be the key project in the entire plan in the future. Therefore the Ministry of Communications issued officially three fixed networks licenses to Taiwan Fixed Network Co., Eastern Broadband Telecom Co., Sparq Corporate in March 19, 2000. This is not only a new milestone in the telecommunication liberalization of our country, but also symbolization that Taiwan will be soon a broadband network society. However, because this three new telecom companies join the competition, it will break the monopoly and bring the new technology. In such industry environmental variation, including new competitor's joining and new technical introduction, how the new fixed network companies face the brand-new competition will be a worth discussing question. The final goal of this research is to take the ABC fixed network company as the example, and then to propose the most suitable business model for the new fixed network companies. Provides the reference suggestion to be as follows: (1)Use the add-Value service to transform the users of mobile phone and cable TV to the basic users of fixed network. (2)Provides multimedia of data, sound and image conformity service. (3)Develops market of the international simple resale and the broadband. (4)Form an alliance of media, information and entertainment and provide multi- positions service. (5)Unify mutually the electrical appliances product like television, sound and so on in the network.

The first topic of this thesis is to carry out a multi-symbol codec (encoder-decoder) design for interfacing variable-length and fixed-length data conversion of H.263. The poor memory efficient of the variable-length can be avoided while its advantages can be reserved. The proposed codec converts variable-length symbols to fixed-length packets which can be decoded parallelly. The basic idea is to encode extra symbols in the redundant bits of the fixed-length packets. This encoding scheme relaxes the intrinsic poor compression rate of the prior fixed-length data codec. The second topic is a synthesizable Verilog code generator for the mentioned multi-symbol codec. According to different requirements and constraints of encoding bit rate, the generator can provide several different kinds of encoding modes by selecting proper parameters. Each codec generated by the generator is synthesizable by thorough simulations.

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This research examines the time used by teenagers, aged 16 to 19 years, the types of activities teenagers do, and the impact of internet usage on their non-fixed activities during weekdays. The data employed for this research is the 2009 National Household Travel Survey (NHTS 2009). For this study, socio-demographic factors (such as age, gender, race, work status, immigrant status, number of individuals in the household, number of children in the household, number of workers in the household, household income, and others), non-fixed activities (at home, shopping, personal business, physical, recreational and social, meals, religious, and others), time spent on non-fixed activities, and internet use among teenagers were taken into consideration. The methodology in this research uses an ordered response model to analyze internet usage, and a Multiple Discrete Continuous Extreme Value model (MDCEV) to analyze the activity participation. The results show that individual and household demographic characteristics have an impact on internet usage, as well as, internet usage is found to have a significant impact on the activity participation behavior of teenagers. / text

This dissertation consists of two papers. The first paper examines the propagation of firm-specific shocks as well as market-wide shocks between 1995-2003 using Treasury and corporate bond market data. It then tests the implications of previously proposed models of contagion. I find little support for the industry and counterparty structure hypothesis, suggesting that fundamentals do not generate contagion. Consistent with the information transmission, rebalancing, and liquidity-shock hypotheses, I find evidence of flight to quality during the event periods. However, in contrast to the prediction of the liquidity-shock channel, the corporate bond market, on average, seems to be more liquid during event periods (evidenced by higher trading volume, trading frequency, and mean bond age). Furthermore, there are no significant changes in the trading of assets with the low transaction costs, which is contrary to the rebalancing theory. These findings are more in favor of the correlated information channel as a means of inducing contagion.The second paper examines the effect of liquidity on corporate bond prices using the newly formed TRACE data set. In the spirit of Acharya and Pedersen's (2005) liquidity-adjusted capital asset pricing model (LCAPM), I examine the impact of multiple sources of risk on corporate bond prices. The results do not lend strong support for the existence of liquidity risk in the corporate bond market or for the LCAPM, especially when liquidity is captured using the trading frequency, trading volume, and turnover. Contrary to the predictions of the LCAPM, more illiquid portfolios do not have higher values for the three liquidity betas; betas that capture the commonality in liquidity with the market, the sensitivity in returns with the market-wide liquidity, and the liquidity sensitivity with the market returns. Furthermore, after running cross-sectional regressions I do not find strong evidence either for the validity of the model or that liquidity risk does matter for the corporate bond prices.

Šiame magistro darbe analizuojami Lietuvos, Latvijos, Estijos ir Rusijos terminuotų darbo sutarčių sudarymo, vykdymo bei nutraukimo ypatumai. Kad nebūtų piktnaudžiaujama terminuotomis sutartimis, valstybės savo darbo statymuose įstatymuose nustato tam tikrus imperatyvius reikalavimus. Darbo tikslas yra palyginti Lietuvos ir minėtų užsienio valstybių darbo įstatymų nuostatas, susijusias su terminuotų sutarčių reglamentavimu, pateikti jų apibendrinimus, aptarti šių teisės normų įgyvendinimo praktikoje problemas bei pateikti pasiūlymus Lietuvos įstatymų leidėjui. Pirmoje darbo dalyje pabrėžiama darbo sutarties instituto svarba, apžvelgiami pagrindiniai valstybių darbo įstatymai, aptariama terminuotos darbo sutarties samprata bei išskiriamos jos rūšys. Antroji dalis yra skirta terminuotų darbo sutarčių sudarymui – joje aptariamas terminuotų darbo sutarčių turinys, kurį sudaro būtinosios ir papildomos sąlygos, apibrėžiamos bendros visoms valstybėms termino nustatymo taisyklės, taip pat analizuojamos terminuotos darbo sutarties prielaidos ir apribojimai. Trečioje darbo dalyje dėmesys skiriamas teisės normų, reglamentuojančių terminuotų darbo sutarčių vykdymą ir keitimą, analizei – pabrėžiami sutarčių keitimo ypatumai, atsižvelgiant į sąlygų keitimo priežastį, jų rūšį ir nuo to, kuriam laikui (terminuotai ar neterminuotai) tos sąlygos keičiamos. Šioje dalyje taip pat aptariami pagal terminuotas darbo sutartis dirbančių darbuotojų nediskriminavimo bei informavimo apie laisvas darbo... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / In these Master theses are analyzed the characteristics of fixed-term employment contracts in Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia and Russia. To prevent abuse arising from fixed-term employment contracts the countries define imperative requirements in their labour laws. The object of these theses is to compare the provisions of labour laws, related to the regulation of the fixed-term employments contracts, to present the generalization thereof, to discuss the problems of provisions’ realization in practice and to make suggestions to the legislator. In the first part of the theses the importance of employment contract’s institute is pointed, the countries’ main labour laws are reviewed and the conception of employment contract and its types are discussed. The second part is about the conclusion of fixed-term employment contracts: the content of fixed-term employment contracts (obligatory and additional conditions) is discussed, the general rules of term determination are defined, the preconditions and restrictions of fixed-term employment contracts are analyzed. In the third part of theses the rules of law, related to the implementation and amendment of fixed-term employment contracts, are analyzed – it is pointed that the amendments are made according to the reason and duration of amendment and the type of employment conditions to be amended. The principles of non-discrimination of fixed-term workers and information about vacancies are also discussed. The last, fourth, part is about... [to full text]

The objectives of this paper are twofold: the first is to illustrate the potential of the World Wide Web as a new or complementary resource for researching various linguistic phenomena, while the second objective is to apply the idea of the “Web as corpus” to a concrete example – in this case, the study of lexical variation in French idiomatic expressions. The first part of this paper examines the idea of using the World Wide Web as an exploitable corpus for linguistic research and provides an overview of related theoretical and practical issues. The major advantages and drawbacks of using the Web as a linguistic corpus are surveyed. Two different approaches to using the Web for corpus linguistics are also described. The latter half of the paper presents results of a small-scale study conducted to investigate lexical variation in seven selected French idiomatic expressions. An online concordancing tool called WebCorp is used to search the Web and generate concordances for analysis. The theory behind the notions of lexical frozenness and variation are also briefly discussed.

Neterminuotos darbo sutartys yra bendriausia ir pagrindinė darbdavių bei darbuotojų darbo santykių forma, tačiau tam tikromis aplinkybėmis – nenuolatinio pobūdžio darbams atlikti - vis dažniau atsiranda poreikis darbuotojus įdarbinti pagal terminuotas darbo sutartis, kurios tam tikromis aplinkybėmis labiau atitinka ir darbuotojų ir darbdavių interesus. Šiame magistro darbe yra nagrinėjamos Lietuvos ir Lenkijos darbo teisėje įtvirtintos nuostatos dėl terminuotos darbo sutarties rūšių išskyrimo, jos sudarymo prielaidos, vykdymo ypatumai bei nutraukimo pagrindai ir apribojimai, analizuojamas šių nuostatų įgyvendinimas teismų praktikoje. Taip pat analizuojamas abiejų valstybių terminuotą darbo sutartį reglamentuojančių nuostatų atitikimas EB Tarybos direktyvoje Nr. 1999/70/EB įtvirtintiems bendriesiems reikalavimams, įpareigojantiems kiekvieną valstybę narę nacionaliniuose teisės aktuose įtvirtinti normas, užtikrinančias vienodų sąlygų taikymą pagal terminuotas darbo sutartis dirbantiems darbuotojams, saugant juos nuo diskriminacijos bei neleisti piktnaudžiauti sudarant terminuotas darbo sutartis. Pažymėtina, jog dauguma terminuotą darbo sutartį reglamentuojančių normų Lietuvos ir Lenkijos darbo kodeksuose yra suderintos su Europos Sąjungos ir tarptautiniais teisės aktais. Terminuotos darbo sutarties analizė, lyginant abiejų valstybių nacionalinės darbo teisės normas, rodo, jog Lenkijos darbo kodeksas labiau orientuotas į liberalius, paremtus šalių lygybe, darbo teisinius... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Open-ended employment contracts are the most general and the main form of employment relationship between employers and employees; however, in certain circumstances – for the purposes of performing temporary work – there is an increasing need for recruitment of employees under fixed-term employment contracts, which in certain circumstances better respond to the interests of both employees and employers. This master thesis considers the provisions stipulated in the Lithuanian and Polish labour law regarding discernment of the fixed-term employment contract, preconditions for its conclusion, specific features of its execution as well as the basis for and restrictions on its termination; implementation of these provisions in judicial practice is considered. The author also analyses compliance of the provisions of both states regulating the fixed-term employment contract with the general requirements set forth in Council Directive 1999/70/EC and committing every member state to lay down in national legislation the norms ensuring equal treatment for fixed-term workers by protecting them against discrimination and to prevent abuse when concluding fixed-term employment contracts. It should be noted that the majority of the norms regulating the fixed-term employment contract in the Lithuanian Labour Code and the Polish Labour Code have been harmonised with legal acts of the European Union and international legal acts. Analysis of the fixed-term employment contract by comparing both... [to full text]