Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:32:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2011-08-15Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:02:21Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 oliveira_fhs_dr_botfm.pdf: 1109354 bytes, checksum: 0cd1da052963c400f897bebd38a2f468 (MD5) / Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) / O trauma torácico (TT) é uma situação bastante comum no politraumatizado nos dias de hoje. Uma das injúrias provocadas pelo TT é a perda da estabilidade torácica consequente a fraturas múltiplas do gradil costal (tórax instável). O paciente com tórax instável pode ser tratado clinicamente com intubação oro-traqueal e ventilação mecânica, como também pode ser submetido à cirurgia para fixação das fraturas costais. Na busca da melhor evidência para decisão do tratamento justifica-se a procura da resposta através de uma revisão sistemática. Avaliar a eficácia e segurança do tratamento cirúrgico quando comparado ao tratamento clínico em pacientes com trauma torácico fechado com tórax instável. Revisão sistemática de ensaios clínicos aleatorizados avaliando a eficácia e segurança do tratamento cirúrgico quando comparado ao tratamento clínico. Estudos relevantes foram identificados eletronicamente por meio de bases de dados MEDLINE, EMBASE, LILACS, Cochrane Controlled Trials register (CENTRAL). Referências bibliográficas também foram pesquisadas para encontrar estudos não indexados. A qualidade metodológica foi avaliada com formulários retirados do HANDBOOK (Higgins & Green 2009), e as análises estatísticas foram executadas através do REVNAN 5.0.2 fornecido pela Colaboração Cochrane. Nas bases eletrônicas de dados foram selecionados seis estudos, desses apenas dois estudos cumpriam os critérios de inclusão para se fazer uma metanálise. Nestes estudos foram analisados 77 pacientes, dos quais 38 foram tratados cirurgicamente e 39 tratados conservadoramente. Apenas quatro desfechos avaliados eram comuns aos dois estudos, mortalidade, incidência de pneumonia, tempo de ventilação mecânica (tVM) e tempo de internação em UTI (tUTI). Apenas para a mortalidade não houve diferença estatística após a metanálise. Já o tVM, tUTI e incidência... / The thoracic trauma (TT) is a common situation in polytraumatized today. One of the injuries caused by the TT is the loss of stability resulting in multiple fractures of thoracic rib cage (flail chest). The patient with flail chest can be treated medically with orotracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation, but also may undergo surgery to fix the costal fractures. In search of the best evidence for treatment decision justifies the search for an answer through a systematic review. To evaluate the efficacy and safety of surgical treatment compared to medical treatment in patients with blunt chest trauma with flail chest. A systematic review of randomized controlled trials evaluating the efficacy and safety of surgical treatment compared to medical treatment. Relevant studies were identified through electronic databases MEDLINE, EMBASE, LILACS, Cochrane Controlled Trials register (CENTRAL). References were also searched to find studies not indexed. Methodological quality was assessed with forms taken from the HANDBOOK (Higgins & Green 2009), and the statistical analyzes were performed by REVNAN 5.0 provided by the Cochrane Collaboration. The electronic databases were selected six studies, only two of these studies met the inclusion criteria for doing a meta-analysis. These studies analyzed 77 patients in whom 38 were treated surgically and 39 treated conservatively. Only four outcomes evaluated were common to both studies, mortality, incidence of pneumonia, mechanical ventilation time (MVt) and length of stay in ICU (ICUt). Just for mortality showed no statistical difference after the meta-analysis. Already MVt, ICUt and incidence of pneumonia showed a statistical difference favoring the surgical group. Based on the results of this systematic review and meta-analysis we can conclude that there is scientific evidence currently available providing surgical treatment for unstable chest... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Resumo: O trauma torácico (TT) é uma situação bastante comum no politraumatizado nos dias de hoje. Uma das injúrias provocadas pelo TT é a perda da estabilidade torácica consequente a fraturas múltiplas do gradil costal (tórax instável). O paciente com tórax instável pode ser tratado clinicamente com intubação oro-traqueal e ventilação mecânica, como também pode ser submetido à cirurgia para fixação das fraturas costais. Na busca da melhor evidência para decisão do tratamento justifica-se a procura da resposta através de uma revisão sistemática. Avaliar a eficácia e segurança do tratamento cirúrgico quando comparado ao tratamento clínico em pacientes com trauma torácico fechado com tórax instável. Revisão sistemática de ensaios clínicos aleatorizados avaliando a eficácia e segurança do tratamento cirúrgico quando comparado ao tratamento clínico. Estudos relevantes foram identificados eletronicamente por meio de bases de dados MEDLINE, EMBASE, LILACS, Cochrane Controlled Trials register (CENTRAL). Referências bibliográficas também foram pesquisadas para encontrar estudos não indexados. A qualidade metodológica foi avaliada com formulários retirados do HANDBOOK (Higgins & Green 2009), e as análises estatísticas foram executadas através do REVNAN 5.0.2 fornecido pela Colaboração Cochrane. Nas bases eletrônicas de dados foram selecionados seis estudos, desses apenas dois estudos cumpriam os critérios de inclusão para se fazer uma metanálise. Nestes estudos foram analisados 77 pacientes, dos quais 38 foram tratados cirurgicamente e 39 tratados conservadoramente. Apenas quatro desfechos avaliados eram comuns aos dois estudos, mortalidade, incidência de pneumonia, tempo de ventilação mecânica (tVM) e tempo de internação em UTI (tUTI). Apenas para a mortalidade não houve diferença estatística após a metanálise. Já o tVM, tUTI e incidência... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The thoracic trauma (TT) is a common situation in polytraumatized today. One of the injuries caused by the TT is the loss of stability resulting in multiple fractures of thoracic rib cage (flail chest). The patient with flail chest can be treated medically with orotracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation, but also may undergo surgery to fix the costal fractures. In search of the best evidence for treatment decision justifies the search for an answer through a systematic review. To evaluate the efficacy and safety of surgical treatment compared to medical treatment in patients with blunt chest trauma with flail chest. A systematic review of randomized controlled trials evaluating the efficacy and safety of surgical treatment compared to medical treatment. Relevant studies were identified through electronic databases MEDLINE, EMBASE, LILACS, Cochrane Controlled Trials register (CENTRAL). References were also searched to find studies not indexed. Methodological quality was assessed with forms taken from the HANDBOOK (Higgins & Green 2009), and the statistical analyzes were performed by REVNAN 5.0 provided by the Cochrane Collaboration. The electronic databases were selected six studies, only two of these studies met the inclusion criteria for doing a meta-analysis. These studies analyzed 77 patients in whom 38 were treated surgically and 39 treated conservatively. Only four outcomes evaluated were common to both studies, mortality, incidence of pneumonia, mechanical ventilation time (MVt) and length of stay in ICU (ICUt). Just for mortality showed no statistical difference after the meta-analysis. Already MVt, ICUt and incidence of pneumonia showed a statistical difference favoring the surgical group. Based on the results of this systematic review and meta-analysis we can conclude that there is scientific evidence currently available providing surgical treatment for unstable chest... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Orientador: Paulo Eduardo de Oliveira Carvalho / Coorientador: Antonio José Maria Cataneo / Banca: Regina P. El Dib / Banca: Samuel Marek Reibscheid / Banca: Olavo Ribeiro Rodrigues / Banca: João Alessio Juliano Perfeito / Doutor

Chest compressions during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) may be associated with iatrogenic chest wall injuries. The extent to which these CPR-associated chest wall injuries contribute to a delay in the respiratory recovery of cardiac arrest survivors has not been sufficiently explored. In a single-center retrospective cohort study, surviving intensive care unit (ICU) patients, who had undergone CPR due to medical reasons between 1 January 2018 and 30 June 2019, were analyzed regarding CPR-associated chest wall injuries, detected by chest radiography and computed tomography. Among 109 included patients, 38 (34.8%) presented with chest wall injuries, including 10 (9.2%) with flail chest. The multivariable logistic regression analysis identified flail chest to be independently associated with the need for tracheostomy (OR 15.5; 95% CI 2.77–86.27; p = 0.002). The linear regression analysis identified pneumonia (β 11.34; 95% CI 6.70–15.99; p < 0.001) and the presence of rib fractures (β 5.97; 95% CI 1.01–10.93; p = 0.019) to be associated with an increase in the length of ICU stay, whereas flail chest (β 10.45; 95% CI 3.57–17.33; p = 0.003) and pneumonia (β 6.12; 95% CI 0.94–11.31; p = 0.021) were associated with a prolonged duration of mechanical ventilation. Four patients with flail chest underwent surgical rib stabilization and were successfully weaned from the ventilator. The results of this study suggest that CPR-associated chest wall injuries, flail chest in particular, may impair the respiratory recovery of cardiac arrest survivors in the ICU. A multidisciplinary assessment may help to identify patients who could benefit from a surgical treatment approach.