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This study presents a reliable and economic model for achieving an accurate Knife River Flint identification, utilizing a macroscopic, microscopic and ultra-violet methodology supported by an experimental protocol. Correct identification of Knife River Flint is essential for understanding of trade and acquisition strategies involving stone tools in the Northern Plains. The identification model is applied to archaeological sites from three ecozones of southern Alberta, all dating to the Late Precontact Period. Knife River Flint decreases in size and quantity the further north the sites are found. However, the quantity of Knife River Flint from this time period is very low so that no firm conclusions about acquisition strategies or trade patterns can be established as yet.

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M.S.

The measurement of fluorine penetration into archeological flint artifacts using Nuclear Reaction Analysis (NRA) has been reported to be a potential dating method. However, the mechanism of how fluorine is incorporated into the flint surface, and finally transported into the bulk is not well understood. This research focuses on the study of the fluorine uptake phenomenon of flint mineral in aqueous fluoride solutions. Both theoretical and experimental approaches have been carried out. In a theoretical approach, a pipe-diffusion model was used to simulate the complicated fluorine transportation problem in flint, in which several diffusion mechanisms may be involved.

Call number: LD2668 .T4 1985 C34 / Master of Science

Etheostoma spectabile, E. punctulatum, and Cottus carolinae were sampled Mar., 1983, - Feb., 1984, in Flint Creek, Oklahoma. Immature E. spectabile ate primarily microcrustaceans, while mature fishes relied more on mayflies and amphipods. Juvenile E. punctulatum fed upon mayflies, amphipods, and Asellus. Mature E. punctulatum ate primarily mayflies, and other relatively larger prey. Cottus carolinae consumed chironomids almost exclusively in Jan. - Feb., 1984, while mayflies were predominant the remainder of the year. No significant habitat partitioning between the two darters, and seasonal habitat segregation between C. carolinae and the two darters was found. Dietary overlap between the darters was significantly correlated (p<0.0005) to differences in x prey sizes.

Many times it is not an answer towards which we struggle but instead the formulation of the question. The answer then becomes the lifelong quest. This thesis I believe to be the formulation of that question and my architectural career the pursuit of the answer. / Master of Architecture

Call number: LD2668 .T4 1961 G79