This master‘s thesis deals with the problematic of flue gas produced by a gas microturbine which is used as a drying media for general drying. Flue gas needs to be cooled to specific temperatures. The computing part of this work includes solving the microturbine and the mixer. Further part contains bilance solution of a general dryer for resolving the output parameters of wet flue gas. In the last part, the problematic of drying in a laundry facility is described, along with using the flue gas for drying at the specific clothes dryer Primus T24 G.

This thesis deals with the evaluation of emissions of NOx and CO formed during the combustion process when the burner utilizing fuel staging and internal flue gas recirculation is used. In the theoretical part the NOx formation mechanisms and methods used to suppress their formation are described. This is followed with the currently valid legislation in the Czech Republic in terms of the emission limits for NOx and CO in stationary sources. In the work, combustion tests were performed at the burners testing facility at UPEI BUT. The tests revealed that the most important parameters, which influence the NOx formation, are fuel staging, increasing combustion air excess and the utilization of new equipment that induces the flue gas to be drawn back into the burner. The equipment is installed in the burner’s air channel. The dependence of flue gas temperature, heat flux to the combustion chamber’s section walls and in-flame temperatures distribution in the horizontal symmetry plane of the combustion chamber on various parameters were investigated. The parameters included the geometry of the equipment for flue gas recirculation, primary/secondary ratio, geometry of nozzles for secondary fuel supply, tangential orientation of these nozzles towards the burner axis, and the excess of combustion air.

This master‘s thesis deals with the design of horizontal heat recovery steam generators (HRSG) with two pressure levels after a combustion turbine. In the introduction part is performed thermal calculation and proposal of a heat transfer surfaces. Furthermore, are suggested dimensions of the drums and pipes for flooding and transferring. The emphasis is placed on the fulfillment the required parameters of steam and flue gas at HRSG outlet. At the end is calculated loss of boiler draft and made technical documentation a drawing of the boiler.

The diploma thesis deals with the loss of stability of thin-walled flue pipe at coal power plant. The problem of thin-walled structures is their propensity to the loss of stability due to abnormal conditions, for example a vacuum, effect of wind, snow and earthquake. The purpose is to find the optimal deployment of reinforcements so that the model meets the requirements of EN 1993-1-6. This required an evaluation of unreinforced version of the model to identify weaknesses and subsequently other configurations for the application of reinforcement. For determining the resistance the flue pipe to the loss of stability used primarily to access linear bifurcation analysis based on linear analysis, possibly materially nonlinear analysis. The result of work is a design of reinforcement of pipeline which under the requirements of the standard meets the latest model with a reserve of approximately 20 %.

This thesis deals with the nonlinear analysis of stability loss of flue gas pipe. This pipe is a part of desulphurization line. The thesis describes the creating of a simplified FEM model. It also describes the setting of the boundary conditions of the model for few loading cases. These cases differ by preference for one of the load as dominant. There are proposed several variants of stiffening by light ring stiffener. The work is finished by comparing the resistance to the stability loss of the reinforced variants and unreinforced model of flue gas pipe.

Tato diplomová práce se zabývá návrhem dvojtlakého horizontálního kotle využívající teplo spalin za spalovací turbínou na zemní plyn. Zahrnuje návrh a výpočet jednotlivých výměníků, jejich základní uspořádání s ohledem na požadované parametry výstupní páry a dané vstupní a výstupní parametry spalin. Dále tato práce zahrnuje výpočet a konstrukční návrh parních bubnů, zavodňovacích trubek a převáděcích potrubí. Tato práce je zakončena výpočtem a prověřením tlakových ztrát mezi vstupem a výstupem kotle. Důležitou součástí této práce je přiložena výkresová dokumentace.

This Master´s thesis deals with a thermal calculation and dimensional design of steam boiler for natural gas combustion with respect to the high efficiency of the boiler. It includes stoichiometric calculation and calculation of technical specifications of the boiler. Dimensions of combustion chamber are proposed. The crucial part of this thesis includes thermal calculation of designed heat-exchanging surfaces. The heat balance of the whole boiler is made to verify the results.

No description available.

>Magister Scientiae - MSc / Coal combustion accounts for over 40 % of the world's energy production and this figure is projected to increase with increasing human population and industrialization. The combustion of coal leads to the generation of waste products such as fly ash (FA), brine from water treatment, bottom ash, slag, flue gas desulphurization products (FGD) and gas emissions such as N20, and C02. The emissions contribute to air pollution and global warming, while FA, brines, and FGD are possible soil and water pollutants. In order to minimize the environmental impact of coal combustion, mitigation of the effects of coal burning processes such as the waste products (FA, brine, bottom ash, slag and FGD) and gas emissions is required. This study investigated utilization of the Secunda FA (class F) and reverse osmosis (RO) Tutuka brine to sequester C02 in an attempt to make coal power production more environmentally sustainable. It was hypothesized that South African FA and brine could sequester C02 through mineral carbonation. A statistical approach was undertaken to optimize the % CaC03 formed from FAlbrine/C02 interaction with input parameters of temperature, pressure, particle size and solid/liquid ratio (S/L) being varied. The ranges adopted for the input parameters were: temperature of 30°C or 90 °C; pressure of 1 Mpa or 4 Mpa; four particle sizes namely bulk ash, > 150 11m, < 20 11m and 20 urn- 150 11m particle size range; S/L ratios ofO.1, 0.5 or 1. The FA! brine dispersions were carbonated in a high pressure reactor varying the above mentioned input parameters. The fresh Secunda FA of various size fractions was characterized morphologically using scanning electron microscopy, chemically using X-ray fluorescence and mineralogically using qualitative X-ray diffraction. The carbonated solid residues on the other hand were characterized using quantitative X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, thermal gravimetic analysis and Chittick tests. The raw brine from Tutuka together with the carbonation leachates were characterized using inductively coupled mass spectrometry and ion chromatography. Total acid digestion was carried out to evaluate the differences in the total elemental content in both the fresh ash and the carbonated solid residues. The results suggested that South African FA from Secunda belongs to class F based on the CaO content as well as the total alumina, silica and ferric oxide content, while the RO brine from Tutuka were classified as NaS04 waters. Mineral carbonation occurred and ranged between 2.75 % and 6.5 % of CaC03 depending on the input parameters. Two polymorphs of CaC03 were identified in the carbonated residues i.e. calcite and aragonite. The carbonated ash/brine leachates were cleaner with respect to major and trace element concentration compared to raw brine thus the carbonation process could be used to improve the quality of brines generated in the power industry. Removal of the major elements from brine was as follows Ca-74.8 %, Na- 28.7 %, Mg- 98 %, K- 82.9 %, S04- 20.8 %. Hundred percent removal was observed for traces of Fe, Al, Mn, Cu, Zn, Pb, Ni, As, Ti, Sr, Se, Si and N03. However Mo, V, B, and Cl concentrations increased by 72.5 %, 94 %,48.2 % and 7.2 % respectively after carbonation at 90°C, 4 Mpa, S/L ratio of 1 using the bulk ash. The parameters found to be of most significance in the carbonation process were the main effects of temperature, particle size and S/L ratio while the interactions of temperature and particle size as well as the interaction of temperature with S/L ratio were also found to be significant. The statistical approach led to a clear understanding of the effect of each input parameter as well as the ansmg interactions. The conditions of 90°C, 4 Mpa, using bulk ash at a S/L ratio of 1 resulted in the highest yield of % CaC03 with a value of 6.5 %. Theoretically one ton of Secunda FA containing 9.2 % of CaO could sequester 0.083 tons of C02. With the optimized protocol developed in this study bearing in mind that the carbonation efficiency is 75.54%, 1 ton of Secunda FA could sequester 0.062 tons of CO2. This translates to 0.65 % of CO2 produced annually at Secunda plant being sequestered in the FAlbrine dispersions. In other words, 16 tons of FA are required to sequester a ton of C02 annually. It was also observed that carbonation using brine resulted in higher carbonation efficiency than carbonation using water as the Ca2+ component in the brine contributed towards the Ca 2+concentration.

The thesis describes the development of a computational tool that allows sophisticated analysis and design of flue gas cleaning technologies for thermal treatment of waste. The assessment of a technological composition of the process in terms of energy consumption, temperature of the flue gas stream and ensuring the fulfilment of emission limits allows estimating the influence of flue gas cleaning system on parameters of an up-to-date waste incinerator. The work is based on an already created computational system. Its output will be integrated into a software system with a user-friendly interface. Creation of the computational system is based on the performed research in the given area. The work presents sets of operational values and relationships describing current technologies used to reduce harmful emissions in the flue gas from thermal treatment of waste.