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Achieving Food System Resilience Requires Challenging Dominant Land Property RegimesCalo, Adam, McKee, Annie, Perrin, Coline, Gasselin, Pierre, McGreevy, Steven, Sippel, Sarah Ruth, Desmarais, Annette Aurélie, Shields, Kirsteen, Baysse-Lainé, Adrien, Magnan, André, Beingessner, Naomi, Kobayashi, Mai 30 March 2023 (has links)
Although evidence continues to indicate an urgent need to transition food systems away
from industrialized monocultures and toward agroecological production, there is little
sign of significant policy commitment toward food system transformation in global North
geographies. The authors, a consortium of researchers studying the land-food nexus in
global North geographies, argue that a key lock-in explaining the lack of reform arises
from how most food system interventions work through dominant logics of property
to achieve their goals of agroecological production. Doing so fails to recognize how
land tenure systems, codified by law and performed by society, construct agricultural
land use outcomes. In this perspective, the authors argue that achieving food system
“resilience” requires urgent attention to the underlying property norms that drive land
access regimes, especially where norms of property appear hegemonic. This paper first
reviews research from political ecology, critical property law, and human geography to
show how entrenched property relations in the global North frustrate the advancement
of alternative models like food sovereignty and agroecology, and work to mediate
acceptable forms of “sustainable agriculture.” Drawing on emerging cases of land tenure
reform from the authors’ collective experience working in Scotland, France, Australia,
Canada, and Japan, we next observe how contesting dominant logics of property
creates space to forge deep and equitable food system transformation. Equally, these
cases demonstrate how powerful actors in the food system attempt to leverage legal
and cultural norms of property to legitimize their control over the resources that drive
agricultural production. Our formulation suggests that visions for food system “resilience”
must embrace the reform of property relations as much as it does diversified farming
practices. This work calls for a joint cultural and legal reimagination of our relation to land
in places where property functions as an epistemic and apex entitlement.
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Reconnection of Production and Consumption in Alternative Food Networks – Motivations, Drivers and socio-economic ImplicationsZoll, Felix 28 March 2024 (has links)
Im heutigen globalisierten Ernährungssystem sind Produktion und Konsum von Lebensmitteln weitgehend entkoppelt, was negative Auswirkungen auf Landwirt*innen und Verbraucher*innen haben kann. Alternative Ernährungsnetzwerke (AFNs) haben das Potenzial, diese Verbindung wiederherzustellen. Es fehlt jedoch an Forschung zu den Wiederverbindungsprozessen in AFNs. Die übergeordnete Forschungsfrage dieser Dissertation ist daher, ob und wie AFNs Produktion und Konsum von Lebensmitteln wieder verbinden. Zur Beantwortung wurden (a) Motivationen für die AFN-Teilnahme erforscht, (b) transformative Prozesse in AFNs untersucht, (c) die relevantesten Interaktionen zwischen Konsument*innen und Produzent*innen für die wirtschaftliche Stabilität von solidarischen Landwirtschaftsbetrieben identifiziert und (d) Faktoren für das Vertrauen in solidarische Landwirtschaft ermittelt. Ein Mixed-Method-Ansatz wurde gewählt, um die Forschungsziele zu erreichen. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass AFNs zu sechs Arten von Wiederverbindung beitragen:
1. Wiederverbindung von Produzent*innen und Konsument*innen
2. Wiederverbindung von Konsument*innen und Konsument*innen
3. Wiederverbindung von Konsument*innen und Lebensmitteln/ deren Produktion
4. Wiederverbindung von AFNs mit anderen (ernährungsbezogenen) Initiativen
5. Wiederverbindung von AFN-Produzent*inen und -Konsument*innen mit der Ernährungswirtschaft
6. Wiederverbindung von AFN-Produzent*innen und -Konsument*innen mit der Ernährungspolitik
Wiederverbindungsprozesse in AFNs fördern das Empowerment von Produzent*innen und Konsument*innen und bieten lokale Lösungen für Probleme des Ernährungssystems. Eine stärkere Vernetzung und Verbreitung von AFNs wäre positiv für einen über die AFN-Nische hinausgehenden Einfluss auf das Ernährungssystem. Als Teil einer gesellschaftlichen Bewegung können AFNs zu einem wertebasierten Ernährungssystem beitragen und im Kleinen ein Beispiel für einen nachhaltigeren Umgang mit Lebensmitteln bieten. / In today’s global food system, food production and consumption are mostly disconnected which has negative implications for producers and consumers. Alternative Food Networks (AFNs) can potentially re-establish links between production and consumption. For a comprehensive understanding of AFNs, more research is needed on how exactly they contribute to reconnection processes. The overarching research objective of this dissertation is, therefore, if and how AFNs reconnect production and consumption. To answer this research question, this dissertation (a) explores what motivates consumers to participate in AFNs, (b) investigates which drivers of transformation occur in AFNs, (c) assesses which consumer-producer-interactions are most relevant for the economic stability of community-supported agriculture farms, and (d) examines which factors determine members’ trust in community-supported agriculture and its farmers. A mixed-method approach is applied to answer these research objectives taking both a producer and consumer perspective into account. The results show that AFNs contribute to six different types of reconnection, namely:
1. Reconnection of producers and consumers
2. Reconnection of consumers and consumers
3. Reconnection of consumers and food (production)
4. Reconnection of AFN with other (food) initiatives
5. Reconnection of AFN participants with the food economy
6. Reconnection of AFN participants with food politics
By providing these different types of reconnection, AFNs foster empowerment of producers and consumers and offer spaces to create local-level solutions to existing problems of the dominant food system. For a stronger impact beyond the individual AFN initiative, networking and replication are recommended. As a part of a broader societal movement, AFNs could contribute to creating a value-based food system and be small scale examples of a more sustainable way of food production and consumption.
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