Tese (doutorado)—Universidade de Brasília, Departamento de Serviço Social, 2011. / Submitted by Matheus Denezine (matheusdenezine@yahoo.com.br) on 2011-06-17T16:10:50Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2011_RicardoGonçalvesdaSilva.pdf: 1178042 bytes, checksum: 9b4c2c350abc8ce88fff1c9f925df18e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Marília Freitas(marilia@bce.unb.br) on 2011-06-17T16:17:52Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2011_RicardoGonçalvesdaSilva.pdf: 1178042 bytes, checksum: 9b4c2c350abc8ce88fff1c9f925df18e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2011-06-17T16:17:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2011_RicardoGonçalvesdaSilva.pdf: 1178042 bytes, checksum: 9b4c2c350abc8ce88fff1c9f925df18e (MD5) / A reestruturação das políticas sociais, como consequência do desmonte dos direitos sociais apresenta-se como um dos principais problemas associado ao processo de reestruturação das formas de produzir e dos modos de organizar e gerir o trabalho não somente no Brasil, mas em quase todo o mundo. Esse processo vem ocorrendo, de modo mais efetivo, desde a década de 1980, no bojo das transformações desencadeadas pela crise capitalista dos anos 1970 e pela expansão do neoliberalismo, dentre os quais ressalta o trânsito do regime de produção keynesiano/fordista para o regime de produção pós-keynesyano/pós-fordista, ancorado nas idéias empreendedoristas schumpterianas e no bem-estar como produto do mérito individual e não mais como direito social; ou melhor, ressalta a passagem do welfare (bem-estar como direito incondicional) para o workfare (bem-estar em troca de trabalho), a qual constitui o objeto de interesse desta tese. No contexto dessa problemática, tem-se como objetivo geral detectar os efeitos concretos sobre a política social da passagem do welfare para o workfare, efeitos estes associados às mudanças na relação entre Estado e sociedade e entre a economia de mercado, incluindo o mercado de trabalho, e a política de trabalho, caracterizada pela precarização, desorganização trabalhista, crescente (des)assalariamento e reduzida proteção social pública. Sendo este um evento de proporções mundiais, o seu estudo requereu investigação de suas principais características e tendências, a partir dos países capitalistas avançados, bem como das teorias que o fundamentam e justificam, para identificar a sua presença inclusive no Brasil. Todavia, no contexto brasileiro, a presença dessa transição foi apresentada como ilustração, elegendo-se como caso exemplar o que melhor traduz o ideário workfariano tributário de Schumpeter – a experiência do Sistema Brasileiro de Apoio às Micro e Pequenas Empresas (SEBRAE). Na revisão de literatura, procurou-se avançar no debate referente à construção conceitual da noção de welfare e workfare; especificar a diferenças entre ambas e contrapor os seus fundamentos e paradigmas. No campo particular das políticas sociais, salientou-se a sua atual função de ativar os demandantes da proteção social do Estado para o trabalho precário, mal pago e desprotegido, revelando a sua tendência à laboração em vez de assistencialização, como vêm sendo diagnosticado. _________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT / The restructuring of social policies, as consequence of the disassemble of social rights is one of the main problems related to the process of restructuring the ways to produce and the ways to organize and manage labor not only in Brazil, but in almost all over the world. This process has been happening, more effectively, since the 1980‘s, in the midst of the transformations initiated by the capitalist crises of the 1970‘s and by the expansion of neoliberalism, among them highlights the move from the Keynesian / Fordist Regime of Production to the post-Keynesian / post-Fordist Regime of Production, anchored in the entrepreneurial Schumpeterian ideas and also in the well-being as a result of individual merit and not more as a social right; or rather, it highlights the passage from the welfare (well-being as an unconditional right) to the workfare (well-being as a result of work), which is the object of interest of this thesis. In the context of this problematic, the main objective of this thesis is to detect the concrete effects on social policy of the passage from the welfare to the workfare, effects that are linked to the changes in the relation between State and society and also between the market economy, including the work market, and the policy of work, characterized by the precariousness, labor disorganization, increasing wage unemployment and reduced public social protection. As it is an event of global proportion, its study required an investigation of its main features and trends, of the advanced capitalist countries as well as the theories that substantiate and justify it, in order to find its presence even in Brazil. Nevertheless, in the Brazilian context, the presence of this transition was presented as an illustration, selecting as exemplary case that translates it better the tributary workfare ideas of Schumpeter – the experience of the Brazilian Micro and Small Business Support Service (SEBRAE). In the review of literature, we aimed to advance in the debate about the conceptual building of the welfare and workfare notion; to specify the differences between them and compare their fundaments and paradigms. In the particular field of social policies, we highlighted their current function of activating the applicants of State social protection to the precarious, badly-paid and unprotected work, revealing its trend to the laborization instead of assistentialization, as it has been diagnosed.

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / This thesis investigates why twentieth-century philanthropists, such as Henry Ford, John and Abby Rockefeller, Henry du Pont, and Henry and Helen Flynt, developed American museums between 1925 and 1970. These individuals shared similar beliefs and ideological perspectives of American history, which shaped their museum-building efforts. Additionally, philanthropists had financial resources, social networks, and access to agents. The combination of these elements assisted in the establishment of their institutions. Over two generations, these museum builders established an American museum ideal through the implementation of their philanthropy. Philanthropists’ extensive financial resources, combined with philanthropic and museum-oriented ideas of the time, provided the impetus for the creation of new museums and collections. Furthermore, this work investigates Henry Ford as a case study of the philanthropic system used to establish these institutions. Ford’s agents mediated an exchange of artifacts and resources between Ford and average people, who were willing to give buildings, furnishings, and industrial machinery to the museum. This multi-directional system of philanthropy exemplifies the relationship between Ford as the philanthropist, his agents, and potential donors, to create his museums. Other philanthropists and institutions are referenced to further illustrate the museum building process and the role of philanthropy established at this time.

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / This dissertation argues that the Edison Institute (presently known as The Henry Ford in Dearborn, Michigan) survived internal and external challenges through the evolution of the Ford family’s leadership and the organization’s funding strategy. Following Henry Ford’s death, the museum complex relied upon the Ford Foundation and the Ford Motor Company Fund as its sole means of philanthropic support. These foundations granted the Edison Institute a significant endowment, which it used to sustain its facilities in conjunction with its inaugural fundraising program. Navigating a changing legal, corporate, and philanthropic landscape in Detroit and around the world, the Ford family perpetuated Henry Ford’s legacy at the Edison Institute with the valuable guidance of executives and staff of their corporation, foundation, and philanthropies. Together they transitioned the Edison Institute into a sustainable and public nonprofit organization by overcoming threats related to the deaths of two generations of the Ford family, changes in the Edison Institute’s administration and organizational structure, the reorganization of the Ford Foundation, the effects of the Tax Reform Act of 1969, and legal complications due to overlap between the Fords’ corporate and philanthropic interests. The Ford family provided integral leadership for the development and evolution of the Edison Institute’s funding strategy and its relationship to their other corporate and philanthropic enterprises. The Institute’s management and funding can be best understood within the context of philanthropic developments of the Ford family during this period, including the formation of the Ford Foundation’s funding and concurrent activity.   This dissertation focuses on the research question of how the Edison Institute survived the Ford family’s evolving philanthropic strategy to seek a sustainable funding and management structure. The work examines its central research question over multiple chapters organized around the Ford family’s changing leadership at the Edison Institute, the increase of professionalized managers, and the Ford’s use of their corporation and philanthropies to provide integral support to the Edison Institute. In order to sustain the Edison Institute throughout the twentieth century, it adapted its operations to accommodate Henry Ford’s founding legacy, its legal environment, and the evolving practice of philanthropy in the United States.