A presente dissertação tem por objetivo a análise jurídica e a demonstração do cabimento da tutela de urgência na homologação da sentença estrangeira. Para alcançá-lo estuda a homologação de sentença estrangeira, a tutela de urgência em suas modalidades de tutela cautelar e tutela antecipada, nesta incluída a tutela específica das obrigações de fazer ou não fazer e de entrega de coisa e analisa precedentes jurisprudenciais do Supremo Tribunal Federal sobre o tema. O estudo sinaliza a importância do assunto e critica as decisões do Supremo Tribunal Federal que negaram a tutela de urgência em procedimentos de homologação de sentenças estrangeiras. O fundamento constitucional da tutela de urgência no princípio do acesso à justiça, compreendido em seu sentido de efetividade da jurisdição, desponta como um dos dois argumentos nucleares da posição defendida na dissertação. Considera o trabalho que este princípio constitui um dos princípios gerais de direito comuns a todos os Estados civilizados. Por outro lado, a análise da natureza jurídica constitutivo-integrativa da sentença na ação de homologação, bem como o efeito que possui a sentença estrangeira de fazer nascer a pretensão à homologação proporcionam uma interpretação do artigo 483 do Código de Processo Civil compatível com a tutela de urgência, emergindo como o segundo argumento principal da dissertação. Na conclusão elabora-se a síntese da argumentação demonstrativa da posição assumida na dissertação. / This dissertation aims to present the juridical analysis and the admissibility of interim protection and provisional measures in the recognition of foreign judgments. In order achieve its ends, it studies the recognition of foreign judgments, interim protection and provisional measures, including its application to the obligations to do or not to do a specific thing and to deliver a certain thing, and it analyses the decisions of the Federal Supreme Court on the subject. The work highlights the importance of the issue and criticizes the precedents of the Supreme Court that did not grant interim protection and provisional measures in the recognition of foreign judgments. Interim protection and provisional measures are based in the constitutional principle of access to justice, in its meaning of the effective rendering of judgment. This is the first core argument of the thesis that this dissertation defends, as this principle is one of those general principles of law recognized in all civilized States. On the other hand, the analysis of the constitutive and integrative nature of the final judgment in the recognition of foreign judgment, together with the effect of the foreign judgment of the right of action to its recognition render an interpretation of article 483 of the Code of Civil Procedure compatible with interim protection and provisional measures. This is the second core argument of this dissertation. The conclusion of the work provides a summary of the arguments that sustain the position that it defends.

A presente dissertação tem por objetivo a análise jurídica e a demonstração do cabimento da tutela de urgência na homologação da sentença estrangeira. Para alcançá-lo estuda a homologação de sentença estrangeira, a tutela de urgência em suas modalidades de tutela cautelar e tutela antecipada, nesta incluída a tutela específica das obrigações de fazer ou não fazer e de entrega de coisa e analisa precedentes jurisprudenciais do Supremo Tribunal Federal sobre o tema. O estudo sinaliza a importância do assunto e critica as decisões do Supremo Tribunal Federal que negaram a tutela de urgência em procedimentos de homologação de sentenças estrangeiras. O fundamento constitucional da tutela de urgência no princípio do acesso à justiça, compreendido em seu sentido de efetividade da jurisdição, desponta como um dos dois argumentos nucleares da posição defendida na dissertação. Considera o trabalho que este princípio constitui um dos princípios gerais de direito comuns a todos os Estados civilizados. Por outro lado, a análise da natureza jurídica constitutivo-integrativa da sentença na ação de homologação, bem como o efeito que possui a sentença estrangeira de fazer nascer a pretensão à homologação proporcionam uma interpretação do artigo 483 do Código de Processo Civil compatível com a tutela de urgência, emergindo como o segundo argumento principal da dissertação. Na conclusão elabora-se a síntese da argumentação demonstrativa da posição assumida na dissertação. / This dissertation aims to present the juridical analysis and the admissibility of interim protection and provisional measures in the recognition of foreign judgments. In order achieve its ends, it studies the recognition of foreign judgments, interim protection and provisional measures, including its application to the obligations to do or not to do a specific thing and to deliver a certain thing, and it analyses the decisions of the Federal Supreme Court on the subject. The work highlights the importance of the issue and criticizes the precedents of the Supreme Court that did not grant interim protection and provisional measures in the recognition of foreign judgments. Interim protection and provisional measures are based in the constitutional principle of access to justice, in its meaning of the effective rendering of judgment. This is the first core argument of the thesis that this dissertation defends, as this principle is one of those general principles of law recognized in all civilized States. On the other hand, the analysis of the constitutive and integrative nature of the final judgment in the recognition of foreign judgment, together with the effect of the foreign judgment of the right of action to its recognition render an interpretation of article 483 of the Code of Civil Procedure compatible with interim protection and provisional measures. This is the second core argument of this dissertation. The conclusion of the work provides a summary of the arguments that sustain the position that it defends.

Comme son titre l'indique, ce mémoire traite de la légitimité du recours à l'action déclaratoire en droit international privé québécois. L'action déclaratoire, qu'elle soit introduite par déclaration ou par requête, a pour but de faire prononcer un tribunal sur l'existence ou l'inexistence de droits et obligations des parties. Bien que très ancienne, l'action déclaratoire n'était que peu utilisée au Québec jusqu'à l'avènement en 1966 de la requête en jugement déclaratoire dans notre Code de procédure civile. Aujourd'hui, cette action est largement utilisée en droit public dans le cadre du pouvoir de surveillance et de contrôle de la Cour supérieure, mais aussi dans le contexte du droit international privé comme une stratégie de défense, ou parfois d'attaque, dans le cadre d'un litige international. Fondamentalement, la finalité de cette action est d'offrir un mécanisme de protection judiciaire des droits d'un individu lorsque les autres recours ne sont pas disponibles ou accessibles, et de permettre un recours efficace hors du cadre traditionnel de la procédure ordinaire. Dès lors, il semble contestable d'utiliser en droit international privé l'action en jugement déclaratoire pour bloquer les procédures ordinaires autrement applicables. L'objet de cette étude est ainsi de démontrer que bien que le recours à l'action déclaratoire soit légitime en droit international privé, son utilisation actuelle à des fins stratégiques en présence, ou en prévision, d'une action ordinaire intentée dans une autre juridiction, paraît difficilement justifiable. Ainsi, la première partie de ce mémoire est consacrée à l'étude de la légitimité de l'action déclaratoire en droit international privé québécois, et la seconde partie s'intéresse aux effets d'une requête en jugement déclaratoire étrangère sur la procédure internationale au Québec. / As its title indicates, this thesis deals with the legitimacy of the recourse to the declaratory action in Quebec private international law. The purpose of the declaratory action, whether it is introduced by declaration or on motion, is to allow the court to rule on the existence or the inexistence of rights and obligations of the parties. Although very old, the declaratory action was seldom used in Quebec until the advent in 1966 of the declaratory judgment on motion in our Code of civil procedure. Today, this action is largely used in public law as a means by which the Superior Court exercise its jurisdiction, but also in the context of private international law as a strategy of defence, or sometimes of attack, in an international procedure. Basically, the aim of this action is to offer a legal mechanism of protection of an individual's rights when other recourses are not available or accessible, and to allow an effective recourse out of the traditional framework of the ordinary procedure. Consequently, it seems contestable to use the declaratory judgment on motion to block the differently applicable ordinary procedures in private international law. The object of this study is thus to show that although recourse to the declaratory action is legitimate in private international law, its strategic current use, in forecast or present ordinary proceedings brought in another jurisdiction, appears not easily justifiable. Thus, the first part of this thesis is devoted to the study of legitimacy of the declaratory action in Quebec private international law, and the second part deals with the effects of a foreign declaratory judgment on motion on the international procedure in Quebec.

Comme son titre l'indique, ce mémoire traite de la légitimité du recours à l'action déclaratoire en droit international privé québécois. L'action déclaratoire, qu'elle soit introduite par déclaration ou par requête, a pour but de faire prononcer un tribunal sur l'existence ou l'inexistence de droits et obligations des parties. Bien que très ancienne, l'action déclaratoire n'était que peu utilisée au Québec jusqu'à l'avènement en 1966 de la requête en jugement déclaratoire dans notre Code de procédure civile. Aujourd'hui, cette action est largement utilisée en droit public dans le cadre du pouvoir de surveillance et de contrôle de la Cour supérieure, mais aussi dans le contexte du droit international privé comme une stratégie de défense, ou parfois d'attaque, dans le cadre d'un litige international. Fondamentalement, la finalité de cette action est d'offrir un mécanisme de protection judiciaire des droits d'un individu lorsque les autres recours ne sont pas disponibles ou accessibles, et de permettre un recours efficace hors du cadre traditionnel de la procédure ordinaire. Dès lors, il semble contestable d'utiliser en droit international privé l'action en jugement déclaratoire pour bloquer les procédures ordinaires autrement applicables. L'objet de cette étude est ainsi de démontrer que bien que le recours à l'action déclaratoire soit légitime en droit international privé, son utilisation actuelle à des fins stratégiques en présence, ou en prévision, d'une action ordinaire intentée dans une autre juridiction, paraît difficilement justifiable. Ainsi, la première partie de ce mémoire est consacrée à l'étude de la légitimité de l'action déclaratoire en droit international privé québécois, et la seconde partie s'intéresse aux effets d'une requête en jugement déclaratoire étrangère sur la procédure internationale au Québec. / As its title indicates, this thesis deals with the legitimacy of the recourse to the declaratory action in Quebec private international law. The purpose of the declaratory action, whether it is introduced by declaration or on motion, is to allow the court to rule on the existence or the inexistence of rights and obligations of the parties. Although very old, the declaratory action was seldom used in Quebec until the advent in 1966 of the declaratory judgment on motion in our Code of civil procedure. Today, this action is largely used in public law as a means by which the Superior Court exercise its jurisdiction, but also in the context of private international law as a strategy of defence, or sometimes of attack, in an international procedure. Basically, the aim of this action is to offer a legal mechanism of protection of an individual's rights when other recourses are not available or accessible, and to allow an effective recourse out of the traditional framework of the ordinary procedure. Consequently, it seems contestable to use the declaratory judgment on motion to block the differently applicable ordinary procedures in private international law. The object of this study is thus to show that although recourse to the declaratory action is legitimate in private international law, its strategic current use, in forecast or present ordinary proceedings brought in another jurisdiction, appears not easily justifiable. Thus, the first part of this thesis is devoted to the study of legitimacy of the declaratory action in Quebec private international law, and the second part deals with the effects of a foreign declaratory judgment on motion on the international procedure in Quebec.