Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:27:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2012-02-24Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:16:46Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 canaveze_y_me_botib.pdf: 1530397 bytes, checksum: 38cd09032fc1d653c3d3c1bee0f283e3 (MD5) / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Laticíferos e coléteres são estruturas secretoras comuns em Apocynaceae e tendo sido registrados em órgãos vegetativos e reprodutivos em diferentes gêneros. Tabernaemontana catharinensis A.DC. é uma espécie de Apocynaceae, conhecida como leiteira ou casca-de-cobra, amplamente usada na medicina popular e com atividade medicinal comprovada. É planta heliófita, comum em áreas degradadas, pastagens e como invasora de cultivos, sendo amplamente distribuída no Brasil. Este trabalho teve como objetivo estudar a estrutura, origem e desenvolvimento de laticíferos e coléteres em plantas de T. catharinensis em diferentes fases do desenvolvimento vegetativo. Para este estudo foram analisados embriões maduros, plântulas aos 20 dias e plantas aos 80 dias após a germinação. Laticíferos dos tipos articulados anastomosados e não-anastomosados com crescimento intrusivo e, possivelmente, laticíferos não-articulados ramificados ocorrem em todos os estágios analisados. A fase meristemática dos laticíferos é breve e sua função secretora em regiões próximas ao promeristema foi confirmada histoquimicamente. Grãos protéicos, gotas de lipídeos e terpenos foram detectados nos laticíferos em todas as regiões analisadas. Laticíferos se caracterizam por apresentar crescimento axial, lamela média espessa, protoplasto granuloso e número variável de núcleos. Laticíferos do sistema primário se originam do meristema fundamental e procâmbio. Nas regiões diferenciadas da raiz e sistema caulinar, os laticíferos ocorrem imersos no parênquima fundamental e associados ao floema primário; células parenquimáticas na região cortical do caule, nervura principal e mesofilo podem ser adicionadas aos laticíferos. Laticíferos de origem secundária se originam do câmbio vascular em direção ao floema secundário... / Laticifers and colleters are secretory structures common in Apocynaceae and they have been reported in vegetative and reproductive organs to different genera. Tabernaemontana catharinensis A.DC. is a species of Apocynaceae known as leiteira or casca-de-cobra broadly used in the folk medicine and presents therapeutic activity confirmed. It is a heliophytic plant, common in degraded area and pasture areas and as invasive crops, being broadly distributed in Brazil. This work aimed to study the structure, origin and development of laticifers and colleters in T. catharinensis plants at different stages of vegetative development. For this study we analyzed mature embryos, 20-day seedlings and 80-day plants after the germination. Articulated anastomosing and nonanastomosing laticifers, and, possibly, nonarticulated branched types occur at all analyzed stages. The meristematic phase of laticifers is brief and your secretory function was histochemically confirmed in regions close to the promeristem. Protein grains, lipid droplets and terpenes were detected in the laticifers in all then analyzed regions. The laticifers were structurally differentiated from the surrounding cells by their axial growth, thick middle lamella, granular protoplast and variable number of nuclei. The primary laticiferous system arises from the ground meristem and the procambium. In the differentiated regions of the root and shoot system, the laticifers occur immersed in the fundamental parenchyma and associated to the phloem; parenchyma cells in the cortical region of the stem, midrib and mesophyll can be added to the laticifers. Laticifers of secondary origin were also produced from the vascular cambium toward the secondary phloem. Colleters occur in nodal region of cotyledons, eophylls and metaphylls at intrapetiolar and interpetiolar (stipulates) positions... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Orientador: Silvia Rodrigues Machado / Banca: Simone de Pádua Teixeira / Banca: Joecildo Francisco Rocha / Resumo: Laticíferos e coléteres são estruturas secretoras comuns em Apocynaceae e tendo sido registrados em órgãos vegetativos e reprodutivos em diferentes gêneros. Tabernaemontana catharinensis A.DC. é uma espécie de Apocynaceae, conhecida como leiteira ou casca-de-cobra, amplamente usada na medicina popular e com atividade medicinal comprovada. É planta heliófita, comum em áreas degradadas, pastagens e como invasora de cultivos, sendo amplamente distribuída no Brasil. Este trabalho teve como objetivo estudar a estrutura, origem e desenvolvimento de laticíferos e coléteres em plantas de T. catharinensis em diferentes fases do desenvolvimento vegetativo. Para este estudo foram analisados embriões maduros, plântulas aos 20 dias e plantas aos 80 dias após a germinação. Laticíferos dos tipos articulados anastomosados e não-anastomosados com crescimento intrusivo e, possivelmente, laticíferos não-articulados ramificados ocorrem em todos os estágios analisados. A fase meristemática dos laticíferos é breve e sua função secretora em regiões próximas ao promeristema foi confirmada histoquimicamente. Grãos protéicos, gotas de lipídeos e terpenos foram detectados nos laticíferos em todas as regiões analisadas. Laticíferos se caracterizam por apresentar crescimento axial, lamela média espessa, protoplasto granuloso e número variável de núcleos. Laticíferos do sistema primário se originam do meristema fundamental e procâmbio. Nas regiões diferenciadas da raiz e sistema caulinar, os laticíferos ocorrem imersos no parênquima fundamental e associados ao floema primário; células parenquimáticas na região cortical do caule, nervura principal e mesofilo podem ser adicionadas aos laticíferos. Laticíferos de origem secundária se originam do câmbio vascular em direção ao floema secundário... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Laticifers and colleters are secretory structures common in Apocynaceae and they have been reported in vegetative and reproductive organs to different genera. Tabernaemontana catharinensis A.DC. is a species of Apocynaceae known as leiteira or casca-de-cobra broadly used in the folk medicine and presents therapeutic activity confirmed. It is a heliophytic plant, common in degraded area and pasture areas and as invasive crops, being broadly distributed in Brazil. This work aimed to study the structure, origin and development of laticifers and colleters in T. catharinensis plants at different stages of vegetative development. For this study we analyzed mature embryos, 20-day seedlings and 80-day plants after the germination. Articulated anastomosing and nonanastomosing laticifers, and, possibly, nonarticulated branched types occur at all analyzed stages. The meristematic phase of laticifers is brief and your secretory function was histochemically confirmed in regions close to the promeristem. Protein grains, lipid droplets and terpenes were detected in the laticifers in all then analyzed regions. The laticifers were structurally differentiated from the surrounding cells by their axial growth, thick middle lamella, granular protoplast and variable number of nuclei. The primary laticiferous system arises from the ground meristem and the procambium. In the differentiated regions of the root and shoot system, the laticifers occur immersed in the fundamental parenchyma and associated to the phloem; parenchyma cells in the cortical region of the stem, midrib and mesophyll can be added to the laticifers. Laticifers of secondary origin were also produced from the vascular cambium toward the secondary phloem. Colleters occur in nodal region of cotyledons, eophylls and metaphylls at intrapetiolar and interpetiolar (stipulates) positions... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

This thesis presents an application of linear programming to the question of efficient log allocation in the forest industry of British Columbia. Current procedures for allocating logs among alternative utilization processes are discussed and it is suggested that a more efficient allocation might be obtained through a systematic approach to the problem. The economic necessity of improving net returns to the log supply is emphasized. A linear programme log-allocation model is presented, based on an integrated-industry in the coastal region of British Columbia. The model encompasses three main categories of log-use, namely sawmilling, plywood production and pulp production, and demonstrates how a given supply of logs may be optimally distributed among these structurally different log-conversion processes. Emphasis throughout this study is on the structure of the linear programme model, although considerable effort was directed to obtaining realistic data. Solutions of the model, obtained through the services of the Computing Centre at the University of British Columbia, are discussed, and a superficial comparison is made with actual log allocation in the industry. Modifications of the model to suit the log-allocation problem faced by an individual firm in the short-run are discussed and normal comparative-statics applications are considered. It is pointed out that many of the simplifying assumptions in the model may be relaxed. However, the main limitation to its practical application by industry and government lies in the quality and type of data available. In this respect it is suggested that the linear programme model of this thesis provides a valuable guide to the production data required to improve economic efficiency in the forest industry. / Arts, Faculty of / Vancouver School of Economics / Graduate

Job evaluation is a technique which has proved useful in the forest industry in British Columbia. Its major benefit has been the provision of a responsible climate for collective bargaining. A secondary benefit has been the provision for a meaningful basis of measuring productivity. The dissertation examines job evaluation in three areas. The first section studies some of the relevant theory of job evaluation as it applies to the forest industry in British Columbia. The evolution of Plywood Job Evaluation is followed by the recently introduced Southern Interior study. The concluding section ponders the future of job evaluation as it may apply to B.C. Coast Sawmills. Certainly, job evaluation comes highly recommended by this writer as a possible means of solving several of the cantankerous problems which have plagued the forest industry in British Columbia. / Business, Sauder School of / Graduate

Forests and the forest industry have been dominant features in North Central British Columbia since initial settlement of the area in the 1900's. Trees have been logged and sawed into lumber to be sold to the residents of the three prairie provinces, and more recently, peeled for plywood and chipped for pulp to be exported abroad. As a result of the region's peripheral location and dependence upon these distant markets, the industry has had to adjust continuously to external pressures. Changing conditions such as expansion or contraction of markets, government decisions to build railways, changes in provincial forest management policies, and the introduction of a pulp economy to the area, have forced the industry to adapt its processes and products so that the North Central Interior could compete with other forest product regions. A gradual rationalization of the industry has occurred in both the structure and location of producing units within the region. Several periods in the development of the industry are identifiable as a series of external stimuli, and internal responses. In its initial years, in the early 1900's, the industry consisted of a few sawmills cutting rough lumber along the upper Fraser River. Later, in the years prior to World War II, poor market conditions restricted the industry in size, technological improvement and areal spread. The buoyant market conditions of the 1940's and 1950's encouraged growth in the number of operations and dispersion of cutting operations into remote areas. At this time, shortages of labour, equipment and capital combined with an indefinite forest management policy promoted the development of a large number of small, undercapitalized operations. The growth of large-scale production units, diversification of production and areal concentration of conversion plants have been the responses of the industry in the 1960's. A number of external forces such as changes in provincial forest management policies, changing market demands and rising labour costs have encouraged these responses. This thesis presents an overview of the development of the forest industry, rather than concentrating upon the individual locative decision. Particular firms are used, however, to illustrate changes in structure and location which are characteristic of certain periods. Emphasis is also placed upon the role exogenous forces and traditional locative factors have played in the changes. Interviews with entrepreneurs in the area, and data from trade journals and government publications provide most of the information presented here. The changes in size and location of producing units within the forest industry of North Central British Columbia from 1909 to 1966 are outlined first, with particular reference to external influences and industry responses. Comparisons are made of the structure and spatial patterns of the industry in 1925, 1950 and 1966. An analysis of (a) the external forces, (b) the internal adjustments of the region and, (c) the resultant pattern of location, constitutes the major part of the study. A summary of these forces, predictions of the future pattern of development and an outline of the general findings of this examination conclude the thesis. / Arts, Faculty of / Geography, Department of / Graduate

Consumption data for different forest products were calculated for nine years (1962 to 1970). Then, taking consumption as a function of per capita disposable income and population, mathematical models were developed. By regressing per capita consumption of each product on per capita disposable income and determining the corresponding coefficients, the per capita demand for the products in the target years was calculated. The total projected demand was then computed by the products of per capita consumption and population in the target years. Through regression analysis the future import of forest products was projected, and import substitution possibilities were discussed. Finally, on the basis of the questionnaire and fi eld experience, the necessary changes in sale policies and other factors leading to the development of the marketing of forest products were introduced.

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No description available.

A short- and long-term model estimating consumption of Virginia's primary forest products was provided. Sawlog, veneer log, and pulpwood markets and their interrelationships were described using a system of 15 simultaneous equations and identities. The two stage least squares regression technique was used to determine structural coefficients of the demand, supply, and consumption equations associated with each market, and the resultant system was used to estimate equilibrium consumption of each product over the study period. / M.S.

In recent years there has been a renewed interest in the export of solid wood products from the South. This reawakening has come about mainly because of growing U.S. trade deficits and the need to promote exports in order to reduce these deficits. A cross sectional-time series data base of solid wood products exported from the South for the years 1967 to 1980 was developed. This data set contains information on quantity and value and is broken down by year, commodity, customs district and country of destination. This information is presented in tabular form along with a description of trends in the export of each product. The final phase of the study involved the application of constant-market-share analysis to the data set in order to determine which commodities and markets were growing and which were stagnant. This analysis showed that most of the increase in southern exports could be attributed to increased demand for U.S. forest products exports as a whole and the market distribution of southern exports. Commodity composition and the competitiveness factor had negative effects on southern exports. It was also shown that the South's position relative to the rest of the United States improved when softwood saw log exports were excluded. / Master of Science