Thesis (Ph. D.)--Oregon State University, 1985. / Typescript (photocopy). Includes bibliographical references (leaves 120-129). Also available on the World Wide Web.

Thesis (doctoral)--Radboud Universiteit, Nijmegen, 2008. / Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (p. [183]-188).

Thesis (doctoral)--Radboud Universiteit, Nijmegen, 2008. / Includes bibliographical references (p. [183]-188).

No description available.

Adaptation is necessary to cope with, or take advantage of, the effects of climate change on socio-ecological systems. This is especially important in the forestry sector, which is sensitive to the ecological and economic impacts of climate change, and where the adaptive decisions of owners play out over long periods of time. These decisions are subject to experienced and expected impacts, and depend upon the temporal interactions of a range of individual and institutional actors. Knowledge of, and responses to, climate change are therefore very important if forestry is to cope with, or take advantage of, the effects of climate change over longer timescales. It is important to understand the role of human behaviour and decision-making processes in the study of complex socio-ecological systems and modelling is a method that can support experiments to advance this understanding. This study is based on the development of CRAFTY-Sweden; an agent-based model that allows the exploration of Swedish land-use dynamics and adaptation to climate change through scenario analysis. In CRAFTY-Sweden, forest and farmland owners make land use and management decisions according to their objectives, management preferences and capabilities. As a result of their management and location characteristics they are able to provide ecosystem services. To explore future change, quantitative scenarios were used that considered both socio-economic development pathways and climatic change. Simulations were run under the different scenarios for the period 2010-2100, for the whole of Sweden. Furthermore, because institutions (i.e. organisations) also influence socio-ecological systems through their actions and interactions between them and with land owners and the environment, a conceptual model of institutional actions applied to socio-ecological systems was developed. The application of this conceptual model was explored through a model of institutions that can act, interact and adapt to environmental change in attempting to affect ecosystem service provision within a simple forestry governance system. I found that forestry in the future will likely be unable to meet societal demands for forest services solely on the basis of autonomous adaptation. A northward expansion of agriculture and especially of forestry proved positive for both sectors to adapt to changing conditions, under several scenarios, given the substantial land availability and the improved environmental conditions for plant growth. Legacy effects of past land-use change can have a great impact on future land-use change and adaptation processes, especially in forestry. Also, greater competition for land may lead to shorter forest rotation times. Socio-economic change and land owner behavioural differences may have a larger impact on owner competitiveness, land-use change and ecosystem service provision than climate-driven changes in land productivity. Different owner objectives and behaviour resulted in different levels of ecosystem service provision. Also, particular forest types were differently suitable for adaptation depending on the sets of objectives under which they were managed. Owners implementing particular management strategies can be differently competitive under different future scenarios, and the suitability of such strategies for adaptation is not a static, inherent characteristic of a system. Instead, it evolves in response to changing contexts that include both the external global change drivers and the internal dynamics of agent interactions. Additionally, institutional conceptual models as presented here can support better understanding of the key institutional decision-making dynamics and their consequences, endogenously, flexibly across different socio-ecological systems. Finally, study limitations, future research and the policy relevance of findings are discussed.

Santraukoje atskleidžiamas mokslinio tyrimo objektas. Pateikiami teisės aktai susiję su tema. Išdėstomi ginamieji teiginiai ir jų patvirtinimai. Žemė yra ypatingas nekilnojamasis turtas. Žemė priklauso ne tik privatiems asmenims, bet ir valstybei, savivaldybėms. Asmenys, vykdantys žemės ūkio veiklą, miškų ūkio veiklą, vandens ūkio veiklą ar ketinatys tuo užsiimti, yra suinteresuoti sudaryti nekilnojamojo turto sandorius. Darbe siekiama pažvelgti giliai ir išsamiai į Lietuvos ir kitų Europos šalių žemės ūkio paskirties, vandens ūkio paskirties, miškų ūkio paskirties žemės įsigijimo nuosavybės teise sąlygas, tvarką, būdus. Lietuvoje žemės teisę reglamentuoja ne vienas teisės aktas. Pagrindiniai teisės aktai: Lietuvos Respublikos Konstitucija, Lietuvos Respublikos Konstitucijos 47 straipsnio 3 dalies įgyvendinimo konstitucinis įstatymas, Lietuvos Respublikos civilinis kodeksas, Žemės įstatymas, Žemės reformos įstatymas, Žemės ūkio paskirties žemės įsigijimo laikinasis įstatymas, Miškų įstatymas, Vandens įstatymas ir poįstatyminiai teisės aktai. Žemės sandoriai yra notarinės formos bei registruojami Nekilnojamojo turto registre. Sutartyje nurodomi pagrindiniai duomenys apie perkamą žemės sklypą, taip pat jo pardavimo kaina. Žemės sandoriams sudaryti turi būti parengtas žemės sklypo planas. Nuosavybės teisė į žemę pirkėjui pereina nuo žemės sklypo perdavimo. Žemės sklypo perdavimas ir jo priėmimas įforminamas pardavėjo ir pirkėjo pasirašytu priėmimo – perdavimo aktu. Darbe... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / The research object, legal acts related with the topic, and hypotheses with its confirmation are revealed in the summary. Land is a specific real estate. Land, inland waters and forest belong not to private persons, but to the state and municipalities. Persons, engaging in agricultural activities, forestry activities, water activities or intending to do, are interested in real estate transactions. The purpose of the master work is looking deeply and comprehensively into acquisition of agricultural land, water land, forestry land ownership conditions, oder and ways in Lithuania and other countries of Europe. Land law of Lithuania is not governed by one legal act. The main law acts are: Constitution of the Republic of Lithuania, 3 part implementation of Constitution law of 47th article of Constitution of Lithuanian Republic, Civil code of the Republic of Lithuania, Land law of the Republic of Lithuania, Land reform law of the Republic of Lithuania, agricultural land acquisition provisional law of the Republic of Lithuania, Forest law of the Republic of Lithuania, Water law of the Republic of Lithuania and after legislative law acts. The land contracts are of notarial form and are registered in the Registry of Realty. The main information about buyable land site and its selling price are noted in the contract. The land site plan has to be prepared in order to make the land site transactions. Buyer gets proprietorship of land after release of land. The release and the acceptance... [to full text]