Dans cette étude, nous examinons la question de l'identité et de la langue en Ontario français. Nous nous intéressons plus particulièrement aux discours identitaires, tels que représentés dans cinq pièces de théâtre contemporaines franco-ontariennes : Par osmose, L'Hypocrite, Zag, French Town et Mathieu Mathématique. Les dramaturges (respectivement le collectif Les Draveurs, Michael Gauthier et Michel Ouellette) exploitent des thèmes comme la place du français en Ontario et l'assimilation aux anglophones, l'histoire franco-ontarienne, mais aussi des thèmes généraux comme l'hypocrisie, l'adolescence et la famille. Les pièces Par osmose, L'Hypocrite et Zag s'adressent à un public adolescent et mettent en scène des personnages adolescents, tandis que French Town s'adresse aux adultes et Mathieu Mathématique aux enfants. En nous basant sur le corpus de l'Ontario français de Raymond Mougeon, nous avons pu mesurer l'écart entre la représentation d'une communauté – son histoire, sa langue et sa culture – et ses caractéristiques linguistiques. Nous montrons que l'écart entre les usages et les représentations dépend en grande partie du thème de la pièce et du public cible.

Cette thèse révèle que les racines de l’identité franco-ontarienne émergent durant l’entre-deux-guerres. L’analyse systématique de plus de 6000 éditoriaux du Droit, permet d’établir qu’il existe déjà des fissures au sein du Canada français, et ce, bien avant la « rupture » des années 1960. Ancré dans la communauté intellectuelle canadienne-française de l’époque, le discours soutenu par les éditorialistes montre la coexistence d’un nationalisme canadien, d’un nationalisme canadien-français et d’une identité franco-ontarienne qui s’affirme déjà dès les années 1920. Mis sur pied en mars 1913 pour combattre le Règlement XVII, Le Droit a mené une lutte pour la survivance des Canadiens français de l’Ontario qui n’a connu aucun essoufflement durant la période à l’étude. L’utilisation du vocable « Franco-Ontariens » et les demandes répétées de représentants spécifiquement franco-ontariens, surtout au niveau fédéral, témoignent de l’existence de besoins spécifiques liés au contexte provincial ontarien qui dépassent le contexte de la lutte scolaire.

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<p>This dissertation examines the production of the "native" in literary and photographic narratives in the Franco-Maghrebian postcolonial context. More specifically, I selected a group of a few well-known Maghrebian intellectuals who write in French, who act as mediators of postcolonial difference between France and the Maghreb, while living between the "East" and the "West." In my dissertation fieldwork, I looked at the politics involved in the production of "home", "exile", and of "the native" within literary and photographic engagements of these North African diasporic intellectuals.</p> <p>Here, I argue that a reading of literary texts offers an alternative understanding of the International Relations of migration and of linkages between postcolonies and postmetropoles. Such an examination involves exploring unexpected claims to a 'native' status that brings about a re-thinking of disciplinary boundaries; an incursion into practices of spectrality in visual and literary narratives, whereby the postcolonial diasporic intellectual is engaged in the practice of collecting 'endangered authenticities.' Moreover, an alternative understanding of IR can also be perceived from the politics of language and hybridity, which arise for Maghrebian intellectuals living and writing about "home", and deciding upon audiences in their writings. Out of this politics emerge the categories of the immigré(e) and exilé(e) that reflect a lived experience of international relations, and an absence of relations that adds to our understanding.</p> <p>The importance of this insight becomes clear when we confront a contemporary IR of migration written from a more mainstream perspective. Its ahistorical presentation and state-centrism are blind to the continuities of imperialism, where the postcolony is as much within the lived space of the postmetropole as it is outside. Thus I attempt to amplify this understanding of the IR of migration and imperialism through recourse to literary and visual narratives of Franco-Maghrebian intellectuals.</p> / Thesis / Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

Michel Franco’s works provide his audience with a conceptualization of modern (mostly Mexican) society through an exploration of violence and trauma as they affect the individual on both personal and public levels. Using the filmic auteur theory as my basis for an exploration of his body of work, I examine his use of spatial theory, trauma, spectatorial complicity, and neoliberalism as contributors to violence in the present day, both within a Mexican and universal context. Within his films, violence is demonstrated as resultant of his characters’ environments and larger systems at work, reflected in both the spaces they inhabit and their individual selfpresentations after surviving traumatic events. Ultimately, these works lead his audiences to moments of self-reflection regarding their own involvement with mediatic violence and how they assist in its perpetuation. I have taken this thesis project as an opportunity to explore each of his films as unique parts of a collective whole, in the hopes of providing a cohesive analysis of each while also demonstrating their impact as they are connected to one another thematically. Franco’s ability to explore contemporary, similar themes in a multitude of forms places him in the position of a filmic auteur, one arguably enjoyed by his contemporaries but not indicative of the generation of Mexican directors who preceded him. Thus, he simultaneously ushers in a new form of contemporary Mexican cinema. Ultimately, his explorations of trauma are resultant of a discussion of mediatic violence in contemporary society. / Master of Arts

"Habilitationsschrift (thèse complémentaire) ... Heidelberg." / Bibliography: p. 123-124.

Thesis--Zürich. / Includes bibliographical references (p. xliii-lix).

"Habilitationsschrift (thèse complémentaire) ... Heidelberg." / Bibliography: p. 123-124.

Texte remanié de: Dissertation--Technische Universität zu Braunschweig, 2005. Titre de soutenance : Die Einwohner benehmen sich scheusslich : Erfahrung, Rechtsstatus und Nation im deutsch-französischen Krieg 1870/71. / Bibliogr. p. 257-273.

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