O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar comparativamente a quantidade de reabsorção radicular apical dos tratamentos realizados com dois tipos diferentes de aparelhos removíveis: o Regulador de Função de Fränkel e os Guias de Erupção, em relação a um grupo de indivíduos não-tratados. Foram obtidas radiografias periapicais após o término do tratamento, pela técnica do paralelismo, dos incisivos superiores e inferiores de 88 pacientes, divididos em três grupos. O grupo 1 compreendeu 24 pacientes tratados com o aparelho de Fränkel, o grupo 2 incluiu 40 pacientes tratados com o aparelho Guia de Erupção e o grupo 3 constou de 24 indivíduos que não receberam tratamento ortodôntico. Como critério de avaliação, utilizou-se a classificação da reabsorção de acordo com o método proposto por Levander & Malmgren. A calibração intra-examinador foi considerada substancial ou quase perfeita pela avaliação Kappa. Os resultados do teste Kruskal-Wallis demonstraram diferença estatisticamente significante dos grupos e subgrupos de pacientes tratados em relação ao grupo controle. Entretanto, não se verificou diferença estatística entre o aparelho de Fränkel e o Guia de Erupção. Na comparação entre os subgrupos tratados somente com aparelhos removíveis e aqueles que finalizaram o tratamento com aparelho fixo, o teste Mann-Whitney indicou diferença estatisticamente significante. Considerando a prevalência da amostra total de pacientes tratados, não se encontrou reabsorção radicular em 23,25% dos dentes analisados. O grupo 2 apresentou maior prevalência de reabsorção de grau leve a moderado, e o grupo 1 apresentou reabsorção de grau acentuado somente em 7,30% dos dentes analisados, correspondente a dois pacientes. A prevalência de reabsorção para cada grupo de incisivos indicou, em ordem decrescente, maior reabsorção para os incisivos centrais superiores, seguidos dos incisivos laterais superiores, incisivos centrais inferiores e, por último, os incisivos laterais inferiores. / The objective of this research was to comparatively evaluate the amount of apical root resorption of treatment conducted with two different removable appliances: the Fränkel Function Regulator and the Eruption Guidance Appliance, in relation to an untreated control group. Periapical radiographs were obtained after the end of treatment for the maxillary and mandibular incisors, with the long cone paralleling technique from 88 patients, divided into three groups. Group 1 consisted of 24 patients treated with the Fränkel appliance, group 2 consisted of 40 patients treated with the Eruption Guidance Appliance and group 3 comprised 24 untreated subjects. Root resorption was ranked by scores, according to the method of Levander & Malmgren. The intraexaminer error was considered substantial or almost perfect by Kappa evaluation. Results of the Kuskal-Wallis test demonstrated statistically significant differences between the experimental groups and subgroups in relation to the control group. However, there was no statistically difference between the Fränkel and the Eruption Guidance Appliance. In the comparison between subgroups treated exclusively with removable appliances, and those that complemented treatment with fixed appliances, the Mann-Whitney test indicated greater resorption for the second. Considering the prevalence in the whole treated patients sample there was no root resorption in 23,25% of the analyzed teeth. Group 2 presented higher prevalence of resorption with slight to moderate degree, and group 1 presented accentuated root resorption in only 7,30% of the analyzed teeth, corresponding to two patients. The prevalence of resorption for each incisor group indicated, in decreasing order, a larger resorption for the maxillary central, followed by the maxillary lateral, mandibular central and lastly, the mandibular lateral incisor.

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar comparativamente a quantidade de reabsorção radicular apical dos tratamentos realizados com dois tipos diferentes de aparelhos removíveis: o Regulador de Função de Fränkel e os Guias de Erupção, em relação a um grupo de indivíduos não-tratados. Foram obtidas radiografias periapicais após o término do tratamento, pela técnica do paralelismo, dos incisivos superiores e inferiores de 88 pacientes, divididos em três grupos. O grupo 1 compreendeu 24 pacientes tratados com o aparelho de Fränkel, o grupo 2 incluiu 40 pacientes tratados com o aparelho Guia de Erupção e o grupo 3 constou de 24 indivíduos que não receberam tratamento ortodôntico. Como critério de avaliação, utilizou-se a classificação da reabsorção de acordo com o método proposto por Levander & Malmgren. A calibração intra-examinador foi considerada substancial ou quase perfeita pela avaliação Kappa. Os resultados do teste Kruskal-Wallis demonstraram diferença estatisticamente significante dos grupos e subgrupos de pacientes tratados em relação ao grupo controle. Entretanto, não se verificou diferença estatística entre o aparelho de Fränkel e o Guia de Erupção. Na comparação entre os subgrupos tratados somente com aparelhos removíveis e aqueles que finalizaram o tratamento com aparelho fixo, o teste Mann-Whitney indicou diferença estatisticamente significante. Considerando a prevalência da amostra total de pacientes tratados, não se encontrou reabsorção radicular em 23,25% dos dentes analisados. O grupo 2 apresentou maior prevalência de reabsorção de grau leve a moderado, e o grupo 1 apresentou reabsorção de grau acentuado somente em 7,30% dos dentes analisados, correspondente a dois pacientes. A prevalência de reabsorção para cada grupo de incisivos indicou, em ordem decrescente, maior reabsorção para os incisivos centrais superiores, seguidos dos incisivos laterais superiores, incisivos centrais inferiores e, por último, os incisivos laterais inferiores. / The objective of this research was to comparatively evaluate the amount of apical root resorption of treatment conducted with two different removable appliances: the Fränkel Function Regulator and the Eruption Guidance Appliance, in relation to an untreated control group. Periapical radiographs were obtained after the end of treatment for the maxillary and mandibular incisors, with the long cone paralleling technique from 88 patients, divided into three groups. Group 1 consisted of 24 patients treated with the Fränkel appliance, group 2 consisted of 40 patients treated with the Eruption Guidance Appliance and group 3 comprised 24 untreated subjects. Root resorption was ranked by scores, according to the method of Levander & Malmgren. The intraexaminer error was considered substantial or almost perfect by Kappa evaluation. Results of the Kuskal-Wallis test demonstrated statistically significant differences between the experimental groups and subgroups in relation to the control group. However, there was no statistically difference between the Fränkel and the Eruption Guidance Appliance. In the comparison between subgroups treated exclusively with removable appliances, and those that complemented treatment with fixed appliances, the Mann-Whitney test indicated greater resorption for the second. Considering the prevalence in the whole treated patients sample there was no root resorption in 23,25% of the analyzed teeth. Group 2 presented higher prevalence of resorption with slight to moderate degree, and group 1 presented accentuated root resorption in only 7,30% of the analyzed teeth, corresponding to two patients. The prevalence of resorption for each incisor group indicated, in decreasing order, a larger resorption for the maxillary central, followed by the maxillary lateral, mandibular central and lastly, the mandibular lateral incisor.

Dissertation--Berlin--Freie Universität, 1996. / Bibliogr. p. 429-476.

The Purpose of this thesis is to experimentally demonstrate an inversion analysis technique, developed by Dr. Jay Frankel (UTK), that utilizes transient temperature data from probes embedded at known locations in a material. This allows one to determine thermal properties (thermal diffusivity and thermal conductivity) of the material, surface temperature, and the surface heat flux as they change with time. Dr. Frankel’s inversion method can be used to determine surface temperature and heat flux of a one-dimensional semi-infinite slab based on the transient data from one or two embedded probes, if the thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity of the material are known. Frankel’s theory suggests that the thermal properties of the material can be determined if transient data from two thermocouple (TC) probes at known locations and the heat flux at the surface are known. This thesis investigates finding the thermal properties and surface temperature of materials using a two embedded thermocouple approach. As an initial check to the inversion analysis, the theoretical temperature solution for a one-dimensional semi-infinite slab was used. This validated that the analysis could converge to the constant thermal properties for the theoretical material. An experiment was run again to provide data for the materials copper and aluminum. Using a real material is fundamentally different from using theoretical determined (analytical) data, because the thermal properties for a real material vary with temperature. Since the inversion analysis converged to a constant solution for the theoretical temperatures, it was believed that the real material will converge to a solution. However, it was seen that the thermal diffusivity for the real materials never converged to the expected value. Although, when a constant handbook value for the thermal diffusivity is used to calculate the thermal conductivities from the experimental temperature data collected from the internal probes, the inversion analysis resulted in good agreement with experiment.

The Purpose of this thesis is to experimentally demonstrate an inversion analysis technique, developed by Dr. Jay Frankel (UTK), that utilizes transient temperature data from probes embedded at known locations in a material. This allows one to determine thermal properties (thermal diffusivity and thermal conductivity) of the material, surface temperature, and the surface heat flux as they change with time. Dr. Frankel’s inversion method can be used to determine surface temperature and heat flux of a one-dimensional semi-infinite slab based on the transient data from one or two embedded probes, if the thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity of the material are known. Frankel’s theory suggests that the thermal properties of the material can be determined if transient data from two thermocouple (TC) probes at known locations and the heat flux at the surface are known. This thesis investigates finding the thermal properties and surface temperature of materials using a two embedded thermocouple approach. As an initial check to the inversion analysis, the theoretical temperature solution for a one-dimensional semi-infinite slab was used. This validated that the analysis could converge to the constant thermal properties for the theoretical material. An experiment was run again to provide data for the materials copper and aluminum. Using a real material is fundamentally different from using theoretical determined (analytical) data, because the thermal properties for a real material vary with temperature. Since the inversion analysis converged to a constant solution for the theoretical temperatures, it was believed that the real material will converge to a solution. However, it was seen that the thermal diffusivity for the real materials never converged to the expected value. Although, when a constant handbook value for the thermal diffusivity is used to calculate the thermal conductivities from the experimental temperature data collected from the internal probes, the inversion analysis resulted in good agreement with experiment.

The 1961 Hammer horror film, The Curse of the Werewolf, paired innovative make-up and set design with the avant-garde music of Benjamin Frankel (1906-1973). Frankel’s concert works had by this time embraced serialism, but The Curse of the Werewolf was his sole attempt at composing an almost entirely serial film score. This music more fully bridged the divide between the continental modernist practices found in his concert works with more conventional film music techniques. Thus, The Curse of the Werewolf’s score represents a crucial point in Frankel’s broader creative development as a composer who increasingly embraced twelve-tone methods in his concert works. Drawing from historical surveys, analytical scholarship, journal articles, and Frankel’s own writings, this thesis provides historical context surrounding Frankel’s life and involvement with the film. Most importantly, this study examines Frankel’s implementation of serialism in The Curse of the Werewolf’s score and its relation to the film’s visual and narrative components. I examine three pivotal scenes through traditional film music analysis combined with twelve-tone analysis. These analyses show how Frankel pairs motives with onscreen characters and situations while still embracing serial methods. This study sheds light on serialism’s application in film through the work of an overlooked British composer.

Circular words, also known as necklaces, are combinatorial objects closely related to linear words. A brief history of circular words is given, from their early conception to present results. We introduce the concept of a level word, that being a word containing a equal or roughly equal amount of each letter. We characterize exactly the lengths for which level square free circular words on three letters exist. This is accomplished through a modification of Shur’s construction of square-free circular words. A word on two letters is called a Frankel-Simpson word if the only squares it contains are 00, 11, and 0101. Using the result mentioned above and several computer searches, we characterize exactly the lengths for which circular Frankel-Simpson words exist, and give an example or construction for each. / Graduate

The present study was designed to test Frankel and Orne's hypothesis that persons with a clinically significant phobia also show high susceptibility to hypnosis. The hypnotic susceptibility scores of 10 persons who sought treatment with hypnosis for agoraphobia were compared with the susceptibility scores of a control group of 20 persons having comparable motivation to succeed in hypnosis. The susceptibility measure was the Stanford Hypnotic Susceptibility Scale: Form C (SHSS:C, Weitzenhoffer & Hilgard, 1962). The groups were also compared on: a) the Archaic Involvement Measure (AIM; Nash, 1984); b) the Field Depth Inventory (FDI; Field, 1965); and c) the Tellegen Absorption Scale (TAS; Tellegen & Atkinson, 1974). No significant differences were found between the groups on the dependent measures. Factors which qualify the results are discussed.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-03T16:31:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Agradecimentos.pdf: 24745 bytes, checksum: 6e0afdadfb4fecbffec4ac7aa3a85934 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-03-22 / This research aimed at to study in retrospect through x-rays in front norm and models of plaster the alterations dentoesqueléticas of patients with Malocclusion of Class II, 1st division, divided in two groups: Treated group, constituted of 28 patient, being 13 patient male and 15 female, treaties with apparel regulator of function of Fränkel - 2 (RF-2), for an active period of 1,5 years; Group Controls: constituted of 28 patient, being 12 male and 16 female, that you/they were not submitted the any treatment during the 1,5 year-old longitudinal attendance. The sample of this study consisted of 112 telerradiografias of front norm and 112 equal of models of plaster, 56 obtained to he beginning (T1) and 56 at the end of the observation (T2). After the statistical analysis of the obtained measurements , it was ended that there were result in significant alterations statistically in all the analyzed measures and RF-2 had direct performance in the variables: upper distance and lower inter-molar s distance (x-rays and models), palatine depth, maxillary width and lower anterior facial height. / Esta pesquisa objetivou estudar retrospectivamente por meio de radiografias em norma frontal e modelos de gesso as alterações dentoesqueléticas de pacientes com má oclusão de Classe II, 1ª divisão, divididos em dois grupos: Grupo Tratado, constituído de 28 pacientes, sendo 13 pacientes do sexo masculino e 15 do sexo feminino, tratados com aparelho regulador de função de Fränkel - 2 (RF-2), por um período ativo de 1,5 anos; Grupo Controle: constituído de 28 pacientes, sendo 12 do sexo masculino e 16 do sexo feminino, sem nenhum tipo de tratamento durante o acompanhamento longitudinal de 1,5 anos. A amostra deste estudo consistiu de 112 telerradiografias em norma frontal e 112 pares de modelos de gesso, 56 obtidos ao início (T1) e 56 ao final da observação (T2). Após a análise estatística das mensurações obtidas, concluiu- se que houve como resultado alterações estatisticamente significantes em todas as medidas analisadas e o aparelho RF-2 teve atuação direta nas variáveis: distância intermolares superio res e inferiores (radiografias e modelos),profundidade palatina, largura maxilar e altura facial ântero-inferior.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-03T16:31:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Flavio Augusto Meffe Andreolli.pdf: 1172177 bytes, checksum: 116719d034801dc93f6e4ae71a9f488a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-02-21 / The aim of this study consisted of comparing dental, skeletal and soft tissue effects promoted by Frankel-2 functional regulator with a control group, besides observing the stability of those effects, in an average post-treatment period of 7.11 years. The sample had a total of 90 lateral cephalometric radiographs, with 54 cephalometric radiographs of 18 FR-2 treated patients assessed in three phases (T1: treatment beginning; T2: treatment ending and T3: post-treatment) and 36 cephalometric radiographs of 18 control patients observed in two time periods (T1 and T2). To compare control and treated groups a Student non-paired t-test was used. The comparison of the treated group values in the three times (T1, T2, and T3) was done by the one criterion Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Tukey test (p<0.05). The main changes provided by the FR-2, observed, by means of comparison with treated and control groups, involved mandibular effects: mostly protrusion and mandibular length increase associated with clockwise rotation of the mandible, which resulted in an increased total (N-Me) and lower (AFAI) facial height, besides a soft counterclockwise rotation of the palatine plane (SN.PP). The maxillary incisors retracted and the mandibular incisors tipped to buccal side. There was a relative distalization of the maxillary molars in conjunction with the overjet decrease, so, the convexity of the soft tissue facial profile was better. In post-treatment period, it was observed a sagittal stability of maxilla SNA) and mandible (SNB), of the facial pattern variables, of the maxillary incisor inclination, of the nasolabial angle and of the overjet. The maxilla and the mandible continued to grow in the anterior-posterior direction, together with the facial heights. There were also the incisors and molars extrusion. Already, the oclusal plane and the gonium angle decreased in this phase.(AU) / O objetivo desta pesquisa consistiu em comparar as alterações dentárias, esqueléticas e tegumentares promovidas pelo aparelho de Fränkel-2 com um grupo controle, além de observar a estabilidade desses efeitos promovidos pelo tratamento, num período médio de 7,11 anos pós-tratamento. A amostra compreendeu um total de 90 telerradiografias em norma lateral, sendo 54 telerradiografias provenientes de 18 pacientes tratados com o RF-2 avaliados em três fases (T1:início de tratamento;T2: final de tratamento e T3: pós-tratamento) e 36 telerradiografias de 18 pacientes-controle, observados em dois tempos. Para comparação entre os grupos tratado e controle foi utilizado o teste t de Student não pareado. Já para a análise dos valores do grupo tratado nos três tempos (T1, T2 e T3) foi utilizada a Análise de Variância (ANOVA) a um critério e o teste de Tukey (p<0,05). As principais alterações proporcionadas pelo aparelho RF-2 observadas a partir da comparação do grupo tratado com o controle envolveram efeitos mandibulares, principalmente a protrusão e aumento do comprimento mandibular associado com uma rotação horária, que resultou em uma maior altura facial total (N-Me) e ântero-inferior (AFAI), além de suave rotação anti-horária do plano palatino (SN.PP). Os incisivos superiores retruíram e o inferior vestibularizou. Houve uma distalização relativa dos molares superiores juntamente com a diminuição do overjet , desta forma a convexidade do perfil facial tegumentar melhorou. No período pós-tratamento (T3) observou-se uma estabilidade sagital de maxila (SNA) e mandíbula (SNB), das variáveis do padrão facial, da inclinação do incisivo superior, do ângulo nasolabial e do overjet . A mandíbula e a maxila continuaram a crescer no sentido antero-posterior, juntamente com as alturas faciais Houve também a extrusão de incisivos e molares. Já o plano oclusal e o ângulo goníaco diminuíram na fase pós-tratamento.(AU)