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No. of bitstreams: 1 MariaDeFatimaBezerra_TESE.pdf: 8001077 bytes, checksum: 680617b92afca9b7140a3d99473e34c2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-04-24 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / A presente tese avaliou a polpa de jambol?o (Eugenia jambolana Lam.) fresca e desidratada mediante dois processos de secagem (liofiliza??o e atomiza??o com 10 % de goma Ar?bica) quanto as caracter?sticas f?sico-qu?micas (pH, umidade, atividade de ?gua, di?metro m?dio de part?culas, solubilidade dos p?s e cor instrumental), bioativas [compostos fen?licos totais (CFT), antocianinas monom?ricas, proantocianidinas (PA), ?cido el?gico total (AET), miricetina e cianidina] e estudo da funcionalidade in vitro (atividade antioxidante, antienzim?tica e antimicrobiana). Em seguida, a funcionalidade in vivo da polpa de jambol?o foi avaliada, com uso do modelo Caenorhabditis elegans, quanto ? via sinaliza??o de insulina, longevidade e doen?as neurodegenerativas (doen?a de Alzheimer e Mal de Parkinson). A polpa de jambol?o desidratada apresentou consider?vel reten??o de CFT (50 % a 75 %), PA (90 % a 98 %), AET (31 % a 83 %), miricetina (40 % a 84 %), cianidina (72 % a 84 %) e atividade antioxidante (15 %). A polpa fresca, o p? liofilizado e o p? atomizado apresentaram elevada atividade inibit?ria contra lipase pancre?tica (4,4 a 5,8 mg/mL), alfa-glicosidase (10,3 a 13,8 mg/mL) e alfa-amilase (8,9 a 11,2 mg/mL). Esses grupos experimentais tamb?m se apresentaram inibidores ativos contra o crescimento de S. aureus. Os p?s de jambol?o aumentaram a express?o de genes ligados ? via de sinaliza??o de insulina (SIR-2.1, PPTR-1, DAF-16, SOD-3, e CTL) e foram capazes de estender o tempo m?dio de vida de C. elegans (18,07 % a 24,34 %), reduzir a paralisia induzida pelo amiloide AB1-42 e os danos causados pela mol?cula neurot?xica 1-methyl-4- phenylpyridinium (MPP+ ). A partir disso, foi desenvolvido frozen yogurt com uso do leite caprino adicionado de Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis BI-07 com polpa ou p? atomizado de jambol?o. O produto final foi avaliado quanto a suas caracter?sticas f?sico-qu?micas (pH, acidez titul?vel, s?lidos totais, prote?na, a??cares redutores totais, gordura, cinzas, overrun e teste de derretimento], bioativas (CFT e antocianinas monom?ricas), atividade antioxidante, iii viabilidade da cultura probi?tica e an?lise sensorial (teste de aceita??o). As amostras de frozen yogurt caprino com cultura probi?tica apresentaram menor pH e maior acidez, CFT, antocianinas e atividade antioxidante quando comparada com aquelas sem a presen?a da B. animalis. Foram observados n?veis de overrun entre 14,2% e 22,6%. As amostras de frozen yogurt com cultura probi?tica alcan?aram resultados inferiores para o atributo sabor. De maneira geral, a presente pesquisa apresenta o jambol?o como um fruto rico em compostos bioativos, com elevada capacidade funcional, com potencial para modular importantes vias biol?gicas, aumentar a expectativa de vida e retardar risco de doen?as neurodegenerativas. Atualmente o jambol?o ? um fruto ex?tico subaproveitado no Brasil com elevado poder corante e a presente tese mostra, pela primeira vez na literatura, importantes achados tecnol?gicos, biol?gicos e cient?ficos sobre essa fruta que podem ser usados para o desenvolvimento de produtos alimentares saud?veis. / This work evaluated the fresh, spray dried (with 10 % of Arabic Gum) and freeze dried jambolan pulp (Eugenia jambolana Lam.) in regard to physicochemical (pH, moisture, water activity, average particle diameter, solubility and color), bioactive [total phenolic content (TPC), monomeric anthocyanin, pronathocyanidin (PA), total elagic acid (TEA), myricetin and cyanidin] and in vitro functionality (antioxidant, antienzymatic and antimicrobial activities]. In addition, the in vivo functionality of jambolan pulp was investigated using the Caenorhabditis elegans model for insulin signaling, longevity and induced neurodegeneration (Alzheimer?s disease and Parkinson?s disease related symptoms). The dried jambolan pulp presented TPC retention (50% to 75%), PA (90% to 98%), TEA (31% to 83%), myricetin (40% to 84%), cyanidin (72% to 84%) and antioxidant activity (15%). The fresh jambolan pulp, the freeze dried pulp and the spray dried jambolan pulp presented high enzymatic inhibitory activity against pancreatic lipase (4,4 to 5,8 mg/mL), alpha-glycosidase (10,3 to 13,8 mg/mL) and alpha-amylase (8,9 to 11,2 mg/mL). They also were active inhibitors against the pathogen S. aureus. The dried jambolan experimental samples were able to increase the expression of several genes linked to the insulin signaling pathways (SIR-2.1, PPTR-1, DAF-16, SOD-3, e CTL) and increased the lifespan in C. elegans (18,07 % - 24,34 %), besides decreasing the amyloid AB1-42 aggregation induced paralysis and MPP+ (1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium) induced neurodegeneration. Based on that, the jambolan pulp and the spray dried jambolan pulp were further selected for the production of caprine frozen yogurt with the addition of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis BI-07. The final product were evaluated in regard to their physicochemical (pH, acidity, total solids, protein, total reducing sugars, fat, ashes, overrun, melting test), bioactive (TPC and monomeric anthocyanin, antioxidant activity, probiotic viability and sensory analysis (sensory acceptance). The results showed that samples with probiotic had lowest pH and higher acidity, TPC, anthocyanin and antioxidant activity. It was also observed low overrun (14.2% to 22.6%). vi Samples with probiotic had lower flavor scores. Overall, this research presents the jambolan as a highly functional bioactive-rich fruit with the potential to modulate important biological pathways, extend lifespan and retard the development of neurodegenerative diseases. Jambolan is an underexploited exotic fruit with a high colorant potential and this thesis shows for the first time in the literature important technological, biological and scientific data about this fruit that could be used towards the development of health-oriented food products.