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We consider the problem of characterising Besov-Lipshitz and Triebel-Lizorkin spaces using kernels with limited smoothness and decay. This extends the work of H.-Q. Bui et al in [4] and [5] from kernels in S to more general kernels, including the Poisson kernel. We overcome the difficulty of defining the convolution of a general kernel with a distribution by using the concept of a bounded distribution introduced by E. Stein [12]. The characterisations we obtain are valid for the full range of indices.

A desire to advance humanity's presence in space prompts the need for improved technology to send crew to places such as the Moon, Mars, and nearby asteroids. Safely placing a crewed vehicle on and in any landing condition requires a design decision regarding the distribution of responsibilities between the crew and automation. In this thesis, a cognitive process model is used to determine the necessary automated functionality to support astronaut decision making. Current literature lacks sufficient detailed knowledge regarding astronaut decision making during this task and observations of astronauts landing on the Moon are not readily available. Therefore, a series of human-in-the-loop experiments, one of which was conducted with the NASA Astronaut Office at Johnson Space Center, have been conducted to examine the changes in performance due to differing function allocations, trajectory profiles, and scenario operations. The data collected in the human-in-the-loop study has provided empirical data that has informed the cognitive process model, the requirements analysis, and provided insight regarding cockpit display usage and information needs. The proposed system requirements include design guidance for assisting astronauts during both nominal and off-nominal landing scenarios.

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In this study the effect of multiple follicular development on the endocrinology of the menstrual cycle was investigated. Normally ovulating women were studied during control spontaneous cycles and cycles superovulated with different treatment regimes. Although clomiphene induced an increase in basal secretion of both FSH and LH, superovulation induction with human gonadotrophins resulted in a marked reduction in basal gonadotrophin secretion. It is suggested that basal secretion of FSH and LH is regulated by two separate mechanisms. The occurrence of an endogenous LH surge in superovulated cycles is dependent on the treatment regimen. Both clomiphene and unspecified ovarian factors are important regulators. When in these cycles an LH surge occurs, it is markedly attenuated both in amplitude and duration. The attenuation is due to ovarian factors different from oestradiol and progesterone. Corpus luteum function in superovulated cycles is disrupted and this seems to be related to the marked reduction in pituitary LH secretion. Ovarian hyperstimulation is a potent stimulus of prolactin secretion and the effect seems to be mediated by oestradiol. Folliculogenesis in superovulated cycles is FSH dependent, however follicular growth rate is similar to that in spontaneous cycles. It is concluded that ovarian hyperstimulation in normally cycling women induces marked changes in endogenous gonadotrophin secretion characterized by an augmentation of the negative and an attenutation of the positive feedback mechanism. Both these effects are mediated by unspecified ovarian factors.