Submitted by Jos? Henrique Henrique (jose.neves@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2017-04-26T17:59:28Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) guilherme_mendes_soares.pdf: 1467495 bytes, checksum: a12842857f82af37f5532c481c2dbbfc (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2017-05-16T19:03:21Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) guilherme_mendes_soares.pdf: 1467495 bytes, checksum: a12842857f82af37f5532c481c2dbbfc (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-05-16T19:03:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) guilherme_mendes_soares.pdf: 1467495 bytes, checksum: a12842857f82af37f5532c481c2dbbfc (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016 / O aumento significativo das concentra??es de CO2 atmosf?rico ap?s a Revolu??o Industrial tem agravado o efeito estufa natural do planeta, levando a eleva??o das temperaturas m?dias e ?s mudan?as clim?ticas globais. O tema tem preocupado cientistas, governo e sociedade, resultando em medidas para redu??o das emiss?es de gases de efeito estufa (GEEs) e mitiga??o de seus efeitos nocivos. Em 1997, o Protocolo de Quioto estabeleceu metas de redu??o de emiss?es de GEEs, sobretudo o CO2. Como esp?cies de r?pido crescimento s?o consideradas eficientes na fixa??o de carbono, nesta pesquisa foram utilizados tr?s clones de esp?cies de Eucalyptus e Corymbia, haja vista seu r?pido crescimento e sua alta produtividade. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar pelo m?todo destrutivo, aos 12 meses de idade, a produ??o da massa de carbono da parte a?rea de tr?s clones: um h?brido espont?neo de Eucalyptus urophylla S. T. Blake, um h?brido tri-cross de E. urophylla x (Eucalyptus grandis W. Hill ex Maiden x Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh), e um h?brido de Corymbia citriodora (Hook.) K.D.Hill & L.A.S.Johnson x Corymbia torelliana (F. Muell.) K. D. Hill & L. A. S implantados em diferentes espa?amentos de plantio: 3x3 m; 3x1,5 m; e 3x1 m. O estudo foi conduzido em uma ?rea experimental da empresa Aperam Bioenergia S/A, localizada no munic?pio de Itamarandiba, MG. Foram abatidas 36 ?rvores amostras, que foram cubadas, desgalhadas e desfolhadas, foram coletadas amostras de folhas, galhos, casca e madeira para determina??o de massa seca e teor de carbono dos componentes da parte a?rea. De acordo com os resultados encontrados, conclui-se que o espa?amento que registrou a maior fixa??o de carbono por unidade de ?rea foi o 3x1 m, e os clones mais produtivos foram os h?bridos de E. urophylla e o tri-cross de E. urophylla x (E. grandis x E. camaldulensis). Al?m disso, o espa?amento 3x3 m apresentou os valores mais elevados de massa seca e de carbono por ?rvore. Os clones utilizados neste experimento se apresentaram como alternativa potencial para projetos de sequestro de carbono e mitiga??o dos gases de efeito estufa. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-gradua??o em Biocombust?veis, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2016. / The significant increase in atmospheric CO2 concentrations since the Industrial Revolution has exacerbated the natural greenhouse effect on the planet, resulting in rising average temperatures and global climates changes. The issue has worried scientists, government and society, leading them to take action to reduce emissions of greenhouse gases (GHG) and mitigating its harmful effects. In 1997, the Kyoto Protocol established GHG emissions reduction targets, especially CO2. As a fast-growing species are considered efficient in carbon sequestration, this research were used three clones of species of Eucalyptus and Corymbia, given its rapid growth and high productivity. The objective of this study was to evaluate by the destructive method, at 12 months of age, the production of dry mass and carbon of the aerial part of three clones: a spontaneous hybrid of Eucalyptus urophylla ST Blake, an hybrid tri-cross E. urophylla x (Eucalyptus grandis W. Hill ex Maiden x Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh), and a hybrid of Corymbia citriodora (Hook.) KD Hill & LAS Johnson x Corymbia torelliana (F. Muell.) K. D Hill & L. A. S deployed in different planting spacings: 3x3 m; 3x1.5 m; and 3x1 m. The study was conducted in an experimental area of the company Aperam Bioenergia S/A, located in the county of Itamarandiba, MG. Thirty six trees were felled , this were cubed, delimbed and leafless, samples of leafs, twigs, bark and wood were collected to determine the dry mass and shoot carbon of the aerial part components. According to the results, it is concluded that the spacing which recorded the largest allocation of carbon per unit area was 3x1 m, and the most productives clones were hybrids E. urophylla and of tri-cross E. urophylla x (E. grandis x E. camaldulensis). Furthermore, the spacing 3x3 m showed the highest values of dry mass and carbon per tree. The clones used in this experiment were presented as potential alternative for projects of carbon sequestration and mitigation of greenhouse gases.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:14:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 IramiAF.pdf: 222778 bytes, checksum: 19ba0c4bd484b69016b906c3ab34fc7f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005-10-27 / Laparoscopic surgery is associated with reduced surgical trauma, and less acute phase response, as compared with open surgery. Cytokines are important regulators of the biological response to surgical and anesthetic stress. The aim of this study was to determine if CO2 pneumoperitoneum would change cytokine expression, gas parameters and leukocyte count in septic rats. Methods: Wistar rats were randomly assigned to five groups: control (anesthesia only), laparotomy, CO2 pneumoperitoneum, cecum ligation and puncture by laparotomy, and laparoscopic cecum ligation and puncture. After 30 min of the procedures, arterial blood samples were obtained to determine leukocytes subpopulations by hemocytometer. TNF&#945;, IL-1&#946;, IL-6 were determined in intraperitoneal fluid (by ELISA). Gas parameters were measured on arterial blood, intraperitoneal and subperitoneal exsudates. Results: Peritoneal TNF&#945;, IL-1&#946; and IL-6 concentrations were lower in pneumoperitoneum rats than in all other groups (p<0.05). TNF&#945;, IL-1&#946; and IL-6 expression was lower in the laparoscopic than in laparotomic sepsis (p<0.05). Rats from laparoscopic cecum ligation and puncture group developed significant hypercarbic acidosis in blood and subperitoneal fluid when compared to open procedure group. Total white blood cells and lymphocytes were significantly lower in laparoscopic cecum ligation and puncture rats than in the laparotomic (p<0.01). Nevertheless, the laparotomic cecum ligation rats had a significant increase in blood neutrophils and eosinophils when compared with controls (p<0.05). Conclusions: This study demonstrates that the CO2 pneumoperitoneum reduced the inflammatory and immune response in an animal model of peritonitis with respect to intraperitoneal cytokines, white blood cell count and clinical correlates of sepsis. The pneumoperitoneum produced hypercarbic acidosis in septic animals / A cirurgia laparosc?pica est? associada com trauma reduzido e baixa resposta metab?lica na fase aguda do trauma, quando comparada com a cirurgia aberta. As citocinas e o balan?o ?cido-base s?o fatores importantes da resposta biol?gica ao trauma cir?rgico-anest?sico. O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar se o pneumoperit?nio com CO altera a express?o das citocinas intraperitoneais, a gasometria do sangue arterial, dos exsudatos intraperitoneal e subperitoneal, e a contagem diferencial de leuc?citos em ratos com sepse abdominal. M?todo: Ratos Wistar foram aleatoriamente distribu?dos em cinco grupos: controle (somente 2anestesia), laparotomia, pneumoperit?nio com CO2, ligadura e pun??o do ceco por laparotomia, ligadura e pun??o do ceco por laparoscopia. Ap?s 30 minutos dos procedimentos, sangue arterial foi colhido para leucometria em hemocit?metro. FNT&#945;, IL-1&#946; e IL-6 foram dosadas no lavado intraperitoneal (por ELISA). Os par?metros gasosos foram medidos no sangue arterial e nos exsudatos intraperitoneal e subperitoneal. Resultados: Os valores de FNT&#945;, IL-1&#946; e IL-6 foram significantemente menores nos ratos submetidos ao pneumoperit?nio do que em todos os outros grupos (p<0.05). Express?o de FNT&#945;, IL-1&#946; e IL-6 foi menor no grupo sepse induzida por laparoscopia do que por laparotomia (p<0.05). Os ratos submetidos ? ligadura e pun??o do ceco por via laparosc?pica desenvolveram acidose hiperc?rbica no sangue arterial e exsudato subperitoneal, mais intensa do que no grupo sepse laparot?mica. Leucopenia e linfopenia foram mais acentuadas no grupo sepse laparosc?pica (p<0.01). Entretanto, os animais submetidos a sepse laparot?mica desenvolveram significante aumento de neutr?filos e eosin?filos quando comparados com os controles (p<0.05). Conclus?es: Este estudo demonstrou que o pneumoperit?nio com CO contribuiu para reduzir a resposta inflamat?ria e imunol?gica em ratos submetidos a modelo de sepse abdominal, no que diz respeito a citocinas intraperitoneais e leucometria diferencial. O pneumoperit?nio tamb?m contribuiu para instala??o de acidose hiperc?rbica nos ratos s?pticos