Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2017-02-02T12:43:28Z No. of bitstreams: 1 SergioLuizEduardoFerreiraDaSilva_DISSERT.pdf: 16126049 bytes, checksum: 6afaeef3a2ea50a8a7f90e04e72947f7 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-02-07T19:40:07Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 SergioLuizEduardoFerreiraDaSilva_DISSERT.pdf: 16126049 bytes, checksum: 6afaeef3a2ea50a8a7f90e04e72947f7 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-02-07T19:40:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 SergioLuizEduardoFerreiraDaSilva_DISSERT.pdf: 16126049 bytes, checksum: 6afaeef3a2ea50a8a7f90e04e72947f7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-06-07 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / O estudo da fonte s?smica ? importante para um melhor entendimento dos processos f?sicos din?micos geradores de sismos e para investiga??es sismotect?nicas de uma regi?o. Neste trabalho, alteramos uma metodologia existente para determina??o do tensor momento s?smico atrav?s da invers?o das amplitudes espectrais de ondas de corpo, que ? testada com eventos locais registrados nas proximidades de S?o Caetano, em Pernambuco, no nordeste do Brasil. A metodologia consiste em minimizar a diferen?a entre os valores observados e previstos das amplitudes espectrais ? com polaridade - de ondas P, SV e SH, para determina??o dos seis componentes independentes do tensor momento s?smico. A metodologia original foi desenhada para inverter amplitudes espectrais de ondas diretas em eventos induzidos em minas profundas e registrados em redes sismogr?ficas subterr?neas. Em nosso estudo, propomos altera??es para adequa??o desta metodologia para eventos tect?nicos registrados em superf?cie. Com isso, ? preciso remover os efeitos da superf?cie terrestre a partir dos tr?s componentes s?smicos registrados no sismograma para recuperar as formas de onda P, SV e SH incidentes e, assim medir sua amplitude espectral. Para ?ngulos de incid?ncia pr?-cr?ticos, a corre??o ? facilmente realizada atrav?s da divis?o do componente vertical das formas de onda P e SV por seus correspondentes coeficientes de reflex?o da superf?cie livre; para ?ngulos de incid?ncia p?s-cr?ticos, uma corre??o mais sofisticada envolvendo a transformada de Hilbert das formas de onda registradas ? necess?ria para remover a distor??o da forma de onda introduzida pela mudan?a de fase. A metodologia proposta ? extremamente vantajosa, visto que utiliza informa??es dos padr?es de radia??o tanto das ondas P quanto das ondas S para determinar o mecanismo focal de eventos individuais. Testamos com 16 terremotos registrados em dist?ncias locais ( < 10 km) por uma rede sismogr?fica implantada na localidade de S?o Caetano, PE, entre 15 de setembro e 23 de dezembro de 2010. Por fim, comparamos com um mecanismo focal composto desenvolvido em trabalhos anteriores na zona de estudo a partir de polaridades da onda P e verificou-se uma consist?ncia com as nossas solu??es do tensor momento, o que demonstra a aplicabilidade do m?todo aqui proposto para registros locais em superf?cie. Al?m disso, a metodologia apresentada permite estimar a magnitude momento (MW) para os eventos analisados. / The study of the seismic source is important to improve our understanding of the physical processes that trigger earthquakes, and also for seismotectonics investigations of a region. In this work, we modify an existing methodology for determination of the seismic moment tensor by inversion of spectral amplitudes, and test it with events recorded at local distances near Sao Caetano, Pernambuco, in northeastern Brazil. The methodology consists of minimizing the difference between observed and predicted values of the spectral amplitudes ? with polarity attached - of P, SV and SH waves, to determine the six independent components of the moment tensor. The original methodology inverts spectral amplitudes of direct waves for events in deep mines and recorded at underground seismographic networks. In our study, we adapt this methodology to tectonic events recorded by surface networks. First, the effects of the Earth's free surface are removed from the seismic recordings to recover the incident P, SV and SH waves; then, the corresponding spectral amplitudes are measured and a polarity is attached; finally, the spectral amplitudes are inverted in a least squares sense. At pre-critical incidence angles, the correction is easily achieved by dividing the vertical component of the P and SV waveforms by the corresponding free-surface reflection coefficients; at post-critical incidence angles, a more sophisticated correction involving the Hilbert transform of the recorded waveforms is needed to account for waveform distortion introduced by the coefficient?s phase shift. Correction of the SH components is achieved through division by a factor of 2. The proposed methodology is extremely advantageous since it uses the radiation patterns of both P and S waves to determine the focal mechanism of individual events. The adapted methodology is applied to 16 earthquakes recorded at local distances (< 10 km) by an aftershock network deployed in the locality of S?o Caetano, PE, between September 15th and December 23rd, 2010. Comparison with a composite focal mechanisms developed in previous works in the study area from fist-motion polarities shows consistency with our moment tensor solutions, thus demonstrating the portability of the spectral amplitude method. Additionally, the ported methodology allows the estimation of moment magnitudes for individual events.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2017-02-17T19:18:43Z No. of bitstreams: 1 GuilhermeCheremSchwarzPierri_TESE.pdf: 6565975 bytes, checksum: 7e8bf2408bde992c77e1902861d11d40 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-02-17T23:01:35Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 GuilhermeCheremSchwarzPierri_TESE.pdf: 6565975 bytes, checksum: 7e8bf2408bde992c77e1902861d11d40 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-02-17T23:01:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 GuilhermeCheremSchwarzPierri_TESE.pdf: 6565975 bytes, checksum: 7e8bf2408bde992c77e1902861d11d40 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-10-09 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / O avan?o das t?cnicas de investiga??o submarina vem motivando uma s?rie de pesquisas para o reconhecimento detalhado das caracter?sticas de Plataformas Continentais em todo o mundo. A Plataforma Continental tropical brasileira, especificamente, carece de informa??es neste n?vel, apesar de sua relev?ncia, tanto para explora??o de recursos naturais, quanto para conserva??o marinha. Esta tese, desenvolvida na ?rea Leste da Plataforma do Rio Grande do Norte, utiliza dados in?ditos adquiridos a partir de m?todos hidroac?sticos (sondas mono, multifeixe e de varredura lateral) e amostras sedimentares, apresentando uma an?lise detalhada da paisagem submarina e das caracter?sticas da cobertura sedimentar. Integram ?s informa??es abi?ticas, padr?es de distribui??o bi?tica, que possibilitaram a caracteriza??o de habitat para fundos consolidados na ?rea de Pirangi. Este setor da plataforma, considerado raso e estreito, possui uma divis?o n?tida entre os sedimentos superficiais, que recobrem as zonas interna (terr?genos) e externa (biog?nicos). Evidenciando as varia??es de n?vel do mar, antigas posi??es de linha de costa est?o preservadas em quatro alinhamentos recifais, al?m de um paleo-canal formado em per?odo de mar baixo, conservado ainda hoje pelo pequeno aporte sedimentar. A plataforma faminta por sedimentos apresenta ainda fei??es onduladas, pequenas dunas submersas compostas por cascalhos biocl?sticos. A avalia??o conjunta de par?metros abi?ticos e do padr?o de distribui??o da cobertura b?ntica, baseada em grupos foco, permitiu a individualiza??o de habitat para as superf?cies recifais, demonstrando uma sucess?o de habitat desde os recifes praiais at? os recifes fundos. Esta an?lise pode ser replicada para outras ?reas de Plataforma Continental e contribuir para o delineamento de planos de gest?o, para o necess?rio manejo sustent?vel de recursos naturais, bem como para a delimita??o de propostas de conserva??o marinha. / The advance on marine underwater research techniques has motivated many efforts aiming to detail and recognize the Continental Shelf features worldwide. The Brazilian tropical Continental Shelf specifically lacks information at this level, despite its importance, both for natural resources exploitation, as for marine conservation. This thesis, developed in the eastern Rio Grande do Norte Continental Shelf (Northeastern Brazil), uses new data acquired from hydroacoustic methods (singlebeam, multibeam and side scan sonars) and sedimentary samples, presenting a detailed analysis of the underwater landscape and sedimentary coverage. Combine biotic distribution patterns with abiotic information, enabling habitat classification for hard sea-bottoms at Pirangi area. This narrow and shallow shelf sector has a sharp division between the surface sediments that covers the inner (terrigenous) and external (biogenic) zones. Pointing out the sea level variations, ancient shorelines are preserved in four reef alignments (beachrocks), plus a palaeochannel formed during low sea-level periods, still conserved by the small sand supply. The sediment-starved shelf also presents wavy features, small submerged dunes composed by bioclastic gravel. The assembled evaluation of abiotic parameters and distribution pattern of benthic coverage, based on specific groups, allowed the individualization of habitats for reef surfaces, showing a habitat succession from coastal to offshore reefs. This analysis can be replicated to other Continental Shelf areas and contribute for management plans, for the necessary natural resources sustainable management, as well to the delimitation of marine conservation proposals.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2017-02-20T22:47:57Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DarioGuedesMirandaDeAssuncao_DISSERT.pdf: 5531425 bytes, checksum: ce1be7a5114d5ab1a80f64312a354e13 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-02-24T21:16:57Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DarioGuedesMirandaDeAssuncao_DISSERT.pdf: 5531425 bytes, checksum: ce1be7a5114d5ab1a80f64312a354e13 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-02-24T21:16:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DarioGuedesMirandaDeAssuncao_DISSERT.pdf: 5531425 bytes, checksum: ce1be7a5114d5ab1a80f64312a354e13 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-09-23 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / A pesquisa e desenvolvimento de t?cnicas cada vez mais eficientes de estimula??o de reservat?rios de hidrocarbonetos, que j? n?o s?o economicamente vi?veis devido ? baixa permeabilidade relativa, atrav?s de faturamento hidr?ulico alavancaram os ?ndices de produ??o mundial nos ?ltimos anos. O monitoramento de eventos micross?smicos, gerados nesse ambiente de produ??o, pode fornecer informa??es importantes a respeito do reservat?rio. A aplica??o do monitoramento micross?smico, relacionado ? inje??o de fluidos (hidrofraturamento), est? sendo cada vez mais recorrente na ind?stria de petr?leo, devido ? capacidade destas informa??es auxiliarem no desenvolvimento do reservat?rio, na decis?o de posicionamento de novas inje??es de fluidos, localiza??o de novas perfura??es, etc. O desenvolvimento e aperfei?oamento de m?todos no monitoramento micross?smico ? uma importante alternativa de pesquisa para auxiliar o desenvolvimento de campos produtores, devido ? aus?ncia de m?todos que apresentem baixo custo e ent?o viabilize a sua utiliza??o em campos de baixa produ??o. Desta forma, propomos neste trabalho uma an?lise de viabilidade computacional e efici?ncia na utiliza??o da t?cnica SSA com poss?vel identificador de onda ?P?, para poss?vel utiliza??o em monitoramento de eventos micross?smicos em ambientes com opera??es de fraturamento hidr?ulico. O processamento computacional foi dividido em tr?s fases, duas com testes em dados sint?ticos e uma com aplica??o em dados reais de tiro de canhoneio. Na primeira fase de testes sint?ticos analisou-se os erros de posicionamento e erros de tempo de origem de um evento (com posi??o real em x=0, y=0 e z=-1km) com 3 e 8 receptores (geometria diferente do dado real), para diferentes dados e par?metros de entrada, por exemplo, dado sem ru?do, dado com ru?do (2, 5 ,10, 20, 30 e 40%), diferentes janelas de RPA/LPA, diferentes quantidades de receptores, etc. Na segunda fase de testes sint?ticos analisou-se os erros de posicionamento de um evento (com posi??o real em x=0, y=0 e z=-0,7km) com 3 e 12 receptores (geometria similar ao dado real), para um ?nico dado com ru?do aleat?rio de 40% e diferentes janelas de RPA/LPA. E na fase de aplica??o em dados reais (13 diferentes eventos posicionados em x=0, y=0 e Z=diferentes profundidades) as analises foram feitas com rela??o aos resultados de posicionamento de cada evento e os tempos de origem encontrados para cada um deles, utilizando uma ?nica janela RPA/LPA. / The research and development of techniques of stimulation of oil reservoirs, that are no longer economically viable due to the low relative permeability, through of hydraulic fracturing, leveraged world production rates in recent years. The monitoring microseismics events, generated in this production environment, can provide important information about the reservoir. The application of microseismic monitoring, related to the injection of fluids, is being increasingly recurrent in the oil industry due to the capacity of this information assist in the development of the reservoir, the placement decision of new injections of fluid, location of new perforations, among others. The development and improvement of methods in microseismic monitoring is an important alternative of search for help in the development of producing oil fields, due to lack of methods that have low cost and so makes possible its use in fields low production. Thus, we propose in this paper an analysis of the computational viability and efficient in the use of the technical SSA with possible P-wave identifier, for possible use in monitoring microseismic events in environments with hydraulic fracturing operations. The computational processing was divided into three phases, two with synthetic data tests and one with real data application of perforating shot (cannonade shot). In the first phase of synthetic tests were analyzed positioning errors and origin time errors of an event (with real position at x = 0, y = 0 and z = -1km) with 3 and 08 receptors (different geometry of the real data) for different data and input parameters, for example, data without noise, data with noise (2, 5, 10, 20, 30 and 40%), different windows RPA/LPA, different amounts receptors, etc. In the second phase synthetic test were analyzed the positioning errors of an event (with real position x = 0, y = 0 and z = -0,7km) with 3 and 12 receptors (geometry similar to the real data), for only a data with random noise of 40% and different windows of RPA/LPA. And in the phase of real data test (13 different events positioned at x = 0, y = 0 and Z = different depths) analyzes were made with respect the results for event each positioning and origin times found for each event, using only one RPA/LPA window.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2017-02-20T22:47:58Z No. of bitstreams: 1 OdmaksuelAnisioBezerraDantas_DISSERT.pdf: 5356247 bytes, checksum: a2a17290abc4832c7f0cd9ef68881d06 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-02-24T22:03:21Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 OdmaksuelAnisioBezerraDantas_DISSERT.pdf: 5356247 bytes, checksum: a2a17290abc4832c7f0cd9ef68881d06 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-02-24T22:03:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 OdmaksuelAnisioBezerraDantas_DISSERT.pdf: 5356247 bytes, checksum: a2a17290abc4832c7f0cd9ef68881d06 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-08-15 / Os sinais ruidosos registrados durante o monitoramento de opera??es de fraturamento hidr?ulico num campo de petr?leo podem trazer informa??es importantes sobre a estrutura do subsolo. Tais informa??es s?o extra?das atrav?s de um conjunto de procedimentos de an?lise e processamento de dados, baseado na t?cnica de Interferometria S?smica de Ru?do Ambiente (ISRA). Na pr?tica, a t?cnica envolve a realiza??o de duas etapas: a correla??o cruzada, que ? equivalente a convolu??o de um dos sinais com o outro reverso no tempo, e o empilhamento (stacking) dos resultados gerados. A resposta encontrada pela mesma ? equivalente a Fun??o de Green emp?rica do meio convolvida com a wavelet da fonte e por esse motivo, a Interferometria S?smica tamb?m ? chamada de recupera??o da Fun??o de Green. Neste trabalho, novas respostas s?smicas foram obtidas atrav?s da combina??o de duas t?cnicas de correla??o cruzada (correla??o cruzada cl?ssica normalizada geometricamente - CCGN e correla??o cruzada de fase - PCC) com duas t?cnicas de empilhamento (empilhamento linear - LS e o empilhamento n?o linear ou ponderado por fase - PWS). Consequentemente, quatro abordagens foram alcan?adas, que ap?s submetidas a um fluxo de processamento padr?o de dados s?smicos resultou em quatro se??es s?smicas empilhadas (LS-PCC - empilhamento linear com correla??o cruzada de fase, LS-CCGN - empilhamento linear com correla??o cruzada cl?ssica normalizada geometricamente, PWS-PCC - empilhamento n?o linear com correla??o cruzada de fase e PWS-CCGN - empilhamento n?o linear com correla??o cruzada cl?ssica normalizada geometricamente). Para interpreta??o dos resultados, uma modelagem s?smica direta foi realizada a fim de obter uma se??o s?smica sint?tica. A interpreta??o dos resultados com o uso de informa??es de dados sint?ticos e da geologia mostrou que alguns eventos correspondentes a marcadores geol?gicos foram recuperados. Isto contribuiu para a comprova??o de que ? poss?vel recuperar as reflex?es de um meio em subsuperf?cie utilizando registros de ru?do s?smico ambiente e a t?cnica de Interferometria S?smica. / The noisy signals recorded during the monitoring hydraulic fracturing operations in an oil field can provide important information on the structure of the subsoil. Such information is extracted through a set of procedures for analyzing and processing data, based on the technique of of Ambient Noise Interferometry Seismic (ANSI). In practice, the technique involves the realization of two steps: the cross-correlation, which is equivalent to a convolution of the signals with each other in reverse time and the stacking the results generated. The answer is found by this is equivalent to empirical Green function convolved the medium of the source wavelet and therefore, the seismic interferometry recovery is also called the Green function. In this work, new seismic responses were obtained by combining two cross-correlation techniques (classical cross-correlation geometrically normalized - CCGN and phase cross-correlation - PCC) with two stacking techniques (linear stack - LS and the nonlinear stack or phase-weighting stack - PWS). Consequently, four approaches have been reached which, after undergoing a standard processing flow of seismic data resulted in four stacked seismic sections (LS-PCC - linear stack with phase cross-correlation, TS-CCGN - linear stack with classical cross-correlation geometrically normalized, PWS-PCC - nonlinear stack with phase cross-correlation and PWS-CCGN - nonlinear stack with classical cross-correlation geometrically normalized). To interpret the results, a direct seismic modeling was performed to obtain a synthetic seismic section. Interpretation of the results with the use of synthetic data information and geology showed that some events corresponding to geological markers were recovered. This adds to the confirmation that is possivel retrieve the reflections of an environment in the subsurface using ambient seismic noise records and seismic interferometry technique.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2017-04-03T21:15:21Z No. of bitstreams: 1 MauriloGoncalvesBragaJunior_DISSERT.pdf: 8769119 bytes, checksum: e351abbadca543f896ba48254b1921fb (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-04-07T21:40:50Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 MauriloGoncalvesBragaJunior_DISSERT.pdf: 8769119 bytes, checksum: e351abbadca543f896ba48254b1921fb (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-04-07T21:40:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MauriloGoncalvesBragaJunior_DISSERT.pdf: 8769119 bytes, checksum: e351abbadca543f896ba48254b1921fb (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-12-16 / A avalia??o do comportamento hidrodin?mico e hidroqu?mico de aqu?feros em ?reas sob a influ?ncia da atividade petrol?fera s?o essenciais para a prote??o e gest?o do recurso h?drico subterr?neo. Neste sentido, s?o analisadas neste trabalho as rela??es entre as cargas hidr?ulicas dos aqu?feros Barreiras-Janda?ra e A?u na ?rea de Fazenda Bel?m, setor oeste da Bacia Potiguar, Estado do Cear?, e suas implica??es na qualidade das ?guas subterr?neas. Foram definidas as superf?cies potenciom?tricas das unidades aqu?feras Barreiras-Jandaira e A?u em diferentes per?odos desde seu estado original, antes da influ?ncia da atividade petrol?fera, at? os dias atuais, bem como identificadas as modifica??es hidroqu?micas nessas unidades ao longo desse per?odo. Foi poss?vel concluir que os aqu?feros A?u e Barreiras-Janda?ra correspondem a sistemas aqu?feros individualizados e sem comunica??o hidr?ulica entre si. Os tipos hidroqu?micos distintos definidos para as ?guas dos dois sistemas aqu?feros ratificam o isolamento hidr?ulico caracterizado, sugerindo a inexist?ncia de mistura de ?guas entre os mesmos, desde seu estado original at? o presente. O estudo constatou ainda um rebaixamento localizado da superf?cie potenciom?trica do Aqu?fero A?u, o que aponta para a necessidade de se propor medidas de controle, mediante o monitoramento cont?nuo dos n?veis d??gua desse aqu?fero e da qualidade de suas ?guas / The evaluation of the hydrodynamic and hydrochemistry behavior of the aquifers in areas under the influence of the oil exploration activity is essential to the protection and management of the groundwater resource. In this sense, were analyzed in this work the relationship between hydraulic loads of aquifers Barreiras-Janda?ra and A?u, in the oil production concession area of Fazenda Bel?m, West sector of the Potiguar Basin, State of Cear?, and its implications on the quality of groundwater. The A?u Aquifer is composed by Units 2 and 3 of A?u Formation, composed predominantly of thick sandstones at the base, with decreasing grain size to the top, with metrics and decimetrics beds of mudstone and silt. On top of the A?u Aquifer occurs a 70 meters thick package of mudstone and silt of Unit 4 of A?u Formation, which covers and seals the Units 2 and 3 of A?u Aquifer, giving a confined character to it. The Aquifer system Barreiras-Janda?ra is represented by sandstones and conglomerates of the Barreiras Formation and Quaternary Sediments, which cover the carbonates of Janda?ra Formation (packstones and wackstones) and expose the groundwater of this Aquifer at atmospheric pressure. The potentiometric surfaces of the two aquifers systems for different periods, since its original state, before the influence of the oil exploration activity, until the present day were set, as well the variations in hydrochemistry of these units, throughout this period and the saturated thickness of the two Aquifer units. With this amount of information is possible to presume that the A?u and Barreiras?Janda?ra aquifers correspond to individual aquifers systems without hydraulic communication with each other. The distinct water chemical classes of the two aquifers confirm the isolation between them indicating the absence of water mix between the two systems, since its original state until the present. The study has identified a local fall in the potentiometric surface of the A?u aquifer, which points to the need to propose measures of control, through the continuous monitoring of water levels of the aquifer and the quality of its waters.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2017-04-03T21:15:21Z No. of bitstreams: 1 RenanDaCostaOliveira_DISSERT.pdf: 7111395 bytes, checksum: 623f2ac2cda2fc27ac0ceda280b46337 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-04-07T22:14:15Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 RenanDaCostaOliveira_DISSERT.pdf: 7111395 bytes, checksum: 623f2ac2cda2fc27ac0ceda280b46337 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-04-07T22:14:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 RenanDaCostaOliveira_DISSERT.pdf: 7111395 bytes, checksum: 623f2ac2cda2fc27ac0ceda280b46337 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-08-29 / A ?rea de estudo localiza-se na regi?o do munic?pio de Bara?na-RN, extremo oeste do Estado do Rio Grande do Norte. Abrange uma superf?cie de 675 Km?, incluindo o Munic?pio de Bara?na, e parte dos munic?pios de Quixer?-CE e Mossor?-RN. O aqu?fero Janda?ra constitui a unidade hidrogeol?gica objeto deste trabalho. Trata-se de um aqu?fero de rochas carbon?ticas utilizado no suprimento h?drico da popula??o urbana (Bara?na) e rural, principalmente da fruticultura irrigada. O objetivo do trabalho ? avaliar o comportamento hidrogeol?gico do aq??fero c?rstico Janda?ra, verificar suas condi??es de utiliza??o, avaliar o car?ter de fluxo subterr?neo, propor o modelo conceitual, al?m de responder a questionamentos sobre o rebaixamento dos n?veis de ?gua. Para isso, foi realizado o levantamento dos dados existentes para a ?rea, a elabora??o de mapas e interpreta??o de imagens, a elabora??o de perfis de po?os, o levantamento de par?metros hidrodin?micos, a avalia??o do fluxo subterr?neo, a avalia??o de recarga e gera??o do modelo conceitual esquem?tico. Com base em dados existentes, a ?rea foi subdividida em tr?s zoneamentos quanto a carstifica??o e identificados por m?todos geof?sicos e esquematizado no modelo conceitual com o auxilio de mapas de estruturas, perfis de po?os e identifica??o de carstes na regi?o. A ?rea possui forte explota??o das ?guas do aqu?fero Janda?ra com utiliza??o principalmente na fruticultura irrigada como mostrou o estudo de utiliza??o das ?guas na regi?o. Tamb?m foram elaboradas as estimativas de reservas com base na varia??o de n?vel da ?gua em po?os selecionados. Os estudos referentes ao fluxo subterr?neo mostraram uma tend?ncia natural de fluxo na dire??o SW-NE, por?m a forte influ?ncia da explota??o das ?guas provocou uma converg?ncia para o setor central da ?rea. A constru??o do modelo conceitual esquem?tico visou identificar as diferentes estruturas apresentadas pelo aqu?fero na regi?o, mostrando a varia??o no desenvolvimento c?rstico. O c?lculo de recarga mostrou o alto potencial do aqu?fero Janda?ra, com rendimento m?dio de 45%, a an?lise dos registros de chuvas e n?veis est?ticos mostrou que a causa para o rebaixamento das ?guas subterr?neas possui dois fatores importantes: a forte explota??o das ?guas aliada as secas prolongadas. / The study area is located in the region of Bara?na-RN city, extreme West of the State of Rio Grande do Norte. It covers an area of 675 square kilometers, including the Municipality of Bara?na, and part of the municipalities of Quixer?-CE and Mossoro-RN. The Janda?ra aquifer constitutes the hydrogeological unit and it is the object of this work. It is an aquifer of carbonate rocks used in the water supply of urban and rural population, mainly of the irrigated fruit-growing. The objective of this work is to evaluate the hydrogeological behavior of the Janda?ra karst aquifer, to verify its conditions of use, to evaluate the underground flow character, to propose the conceptual model, and to answer questions about the lowering of water levels. For this, was performed the survey of the existing data for the area, the elaboration of maps and interpretation of images, the elaboration of well profiles, the hydrodynamic parameters survey, the underground flow evaluation, the recharge evaluation and generation of the model conceptual schematic. Based on existing data, the area was subdivided into three zoning for karstfication and identified by geophysical methods and schematized in the conceptual model with the aid of structure maps, well profiles and identification of karst in the region. The area has strong exploitation of the water of the Janda?ra aquifer with use mainly in irrigated fruit-growing as shown by the study of water use in the region. Also were prepared the reserves estimates based on the water level variation in selected wells. The related studies to underground flow showed a natural flow tendency in the SW-NE direction, but the strong influence of the water exploitation caused a convergence for the central sector of the area. The construction of the conceptual schematic model aimed to identify the different structures presented by the aquifer in the region, showing the variation in karstic development. The recharge calculation showed the high potential of the Janda?ra aquifer, with an average yield of 45%, the analysis of rainfall records and static levels showed that the cause for groundwater retraction has two important factors: The strong exploitation of the waters combined with the prolonged droughts.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2017-07-03T13:49:24Z No. of bitstreams: 1 RenatoDeSouzaArruda_DISSERT.pdf: 10252743 bytes, checksum: 13ba4780aafe9e605d95a0d7755595a5 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-07-07T14:58:37Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 RenatoDeSouzaArruda_DISSERT.pdf: 10252743 bytes, checksum: 13ba4780aafe9e605d95a0d7755595a5 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-07T14:58:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 RenatoDeSouzaArruda_DISSERT.pdf: 10252743 bytes, checksum: 13ba4780aafe9e605d95a0d7755595a5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-03-09 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico (CNPq) / A avalia??o integrada de vulnerabilidade intr?nseca de um aqu?fero constitui uma ferramenta de suma import?ncia como subs?dio ao estabelecimento de pol?ticas p?blicas de preserva??o, prote??o e uso hidroambiental sustent?vel de um manancial subterr?neo. Nesse aspecto, o presente trabalho teve como escopo principal a elabora??o de mapeamentos de vulnerabilidade a partir de dados hidrogeof?sicos, objetivando a identifica??o e delimita??o de sub?reas com diferentes graus de prote??o associados com diferentes vulnerabilidades do Aqu?fero Barreiras, na ?rea do baixo curso do Rio Maxaranguape, nordeste do Brasil. Esses mapeamentos foram elaborados mediante as metodologias Condut?ncia El?trica Longitudinal, GOD (G - natureza do aqu?fero, O - litologia da zona n?o saturada, D - profundidade do n?vel d??gua) e do ?ndice de Vulnerabilidade do Aqu?fero (AVI), as quais s?o fundamentadas em par?metros litol?gicos, hidr?ulicos e geoel?tricos, al?m da espessura da zona n?o saturada. Os resultados obtidos mostram que os dom?nios delimitados por ?ndices de vulnerabilidade s?o aproximadamente concordantes entre si. Em linhas gerais, as classes de vulnerabilidades moderada, alta a extremamente alta, abrangem quase a totalidade da ?rea, delineando tanto a faixa central como a por??o norte e sul da ?rea investigada, conforme valores inferiores a 1 do log c e 5 mS, nas metodologias AVI e de Condut?ncia Longitudinal, respectivamente; e magnitudes superiores a 0.4, segundo a metodologia GOD. Nesse sentido, a ?rea de estudo exibe substancial sensibilidade ? contamina??o de suas ?guas subterr?neas, decorrente essencialmente do cen?rio de ocorr?ncia de forma??es sedimentares de elevada permeabilidade e reduzidas profundidades do n?vel fre?tico, facilitando a percola??o de eventuais cargas contaminantes no sentido do aqu?fero. / The integrated assessment of an aquifer intrinsic vulnerability constitutes an extremely important tool as a subsidy to the establishment of public policies for the preservation, protection and sustainable hydro-environmental use of an underground water source. In this aspect, the main purpose of this work was the elaboration of vulnerability mappings based on hydrogeophysical data, aiming at the identification and delimitation of subareas with different degrees of protection associated with different vulnerabilities of the Barreiras Aquifer in the lower course area of the Maxaranguape River, Northeast of Brazil. These mappings were elaborated using the following methodologies such as Longitudinal Electrical Conductance, GOD (G ? groundwater hydraulic confinement; O ? overlaying strata; D ? depth to groundwater table) and Aquifer Vulnerability Indexes (AVI), which are based on lithological, hydraulic and geoelectric parameters, as well as the thickness of the unsaturated zone. The results show that the domains delimited by vulnerability indexes are approximately concordant with each other. In general terms, the moderate, high to extremely high vulnerability classes cover almost the entire area, delineating both the central and the northern and southern portions of the investigated area, according to values lower than 1 of log c and 5 mS, in the AVI and Longitudinal Conductance methodologies, respectively; and magnitudes higher than 0.4, according to the GOD methodology. Therefore, the study area exhibits a substantial susceptibility to the contamination of its groundwater, mainly due to the occurrence of sedimentary formations with high permeability and reduced depths of the water table, facilitating the percolation of possible contaminant loads towards the aquifer.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2017-08-01T13:23:42Z No. of bitstreams: 1 MyrliAndradeMoreira_DISSERT.pdf: 29310278 bytes, checksum: 061d0be3b2ad8c30a9a4d3962e4582bf (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-08-04T20:16:15Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 MyrliAndradeMoreira_DISSERT.pdf: 29310278 bytes, checksum: 061d0be3b2ad8c30a9a4d3962e4582bf (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-08-04T20:16:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MyrliAndradeMoreira_DISSERT.pdf: 29310278 bytes, checksum: 061d0be3b2ad8c30a9a4d3962e4582bf (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-05-06 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico (CNPq) / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / O mapeamento das fei??es em subsuperf?cie pode ser estabelecido em detalhes pela s?smica, utilizando perfilador de subfundo, equipamento hidroac?stico de alta resolu??o. A ?rea de estudo est? situada no rio A?u, delimitada pelo seu estu?rio, litoral setentrional do estado do Rio Grande do Norte, nordeste do Brasil. Localmente, o estu?rio est? inserido em um ambiente constitu?do por: plan?cie de inunda??o fl?vio-marinha, ecossistema de manguezal, bancos arenosos, campos de dunas, pontais e praias arenosas. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo geral a caracteriza??o de fei??es deposicionais e erosionais no estu?rio do Rio A?u, atrav?s da aquisi??o, processamento e interpreta??o de dados s?smicos de alta resolu??o e sondagens geol?gicas. Utilizando o perfilador de subfundo X-Star, do tipo chirp, com faixa de frequ?ncia entre 0,5-7,2 KHz, foram adquiridas 7 linhas s?smicas (quatro transversais e tr?s paralelas ao curso do rio), totalizando, aproximadamente, 16 Km de aquisi??o. As sondagens foram realizadas em 7 pontos distintos ao longo do estu?rio, utilizando dois m?todos de perfura??o: vibracore e percussivo. Os testemunhos apresentaram comprimento variando entre 0,42 m e 4,27 m. Os dados s?smicos processados apresentaram excelente qualidade e permitiram a visualiza??o de diversos elementos arquiteturais caracter?sticos de dep?sitos fluviais, tais como: dep?sitos de acre??o lateral, canal com base erosional c?ncava, dep?sitos de preenchimento. Al?m disso, tamb?m foram observadas formas de fundo do tipo dunas subaquosas e fundo plano. Adicionalmente, refletores bem marcados foram interpretados como: (1) superf?cie de truncamento erosional; e (2) poss?vel contato Pleistoceno-Holoceno. Os testemunhos recuperados nas sondagens apresentaram uma altern?ncia entre n?veis argilosos e n?veis arenosos (variando entre muito fina a grossa) que permitiram a correla??o entre a geof?sica e a geologia da ?rea de estudo. / The mapping of features in the subsurface can be established in detail by the seismic using sub-bottom profiler, high resolution hydroacoustic equipment. The study area is located in the A?u river, bounded by its estuary, northern coast of the Rio Grande do Norte state, NE Brazil. Locally, the estuary is inserted in a coastal environment consisting of: fluvio-marine floodplain, mangrove ecosystem, sandy banks, dune fields, spits and sandy beaches. This study aimed to characterize the depositional and erosional features from A?u River estuary, through the acquisition, processing and interpretation of high-resolution seismic data and cores. Using the X-Star sub-bottom profiler (chirp), with frequency range between 0.5 to 7.2 kHz, were acquired seven seismic profiles (four horizontal and three parallel to the river course), totalizing approximately 16 km of seismic acquisition. The cores were done in seven different points along the estuary, using two drilling methods: vibracore and percussive. The length of the cores varied between 0.42 m and 4.27 m. Processed seismic data showed excellent quality and allowed the visualization of several architectural elements characteristic of estuarine deposits, such as: lateral accretion deposits, channel concave erosional base, infill deposits. Moreover, subaqueous dunes and flat bottom bedforms were also observed. Additionally, well market reflectors were interpreted as: (1) erosional truncation surface; and (2) possible Pleistocene-Holocene contact. The cores showed an intercalation between clayey and sandy layers (ranging from very fine to course) which allowed the correlation between geophysics and geology on the study area.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2017-10-04T19:47:29Z No. of bitstreams: 1 AlineCristineTavares_DISSERT.pdf: 5980937 bytes, checksum: daf398f9ace99aeccba1a757dc2c694d (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-10-10T22:51:12Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 AlineCristineTavares_DISSERT.pdf: 5980937 bytes, checksum: daf398f9ace99aeccba1a757dc2c694d (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-10-10T22:51:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 AlineCristineTavares_DISSERT.pdf: 5980937 bytes, checksum: daf398f9ace99aeccba1a757dc2c694d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-07-31 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / Margens continentais transformantes s?o caracterizadas pela presen?a de falhas transformantes/zonas de fratura de grande rejeito transcorrente, que foram investigadas escassamente quando comparadas ?s margens divergentes e convergentes. Essas falhas influenciaram a segmenta??o e evolu??o das margens transformantes. Este estudo investiga a evolu??o da Zona de Fratura de Romanche (RFZ) na margem equatorial do Brasil, utilizando dados gravim?tricos, magn?ticos, batim?tricos e de s?smica de reflex?o. Os resultados da presente investiga??o indicam que a RFZ ? uma zona de dire??o E-W com ~70 km de largura, marcada por cadeias de at? 2,5 km acima da topografia circundante. As anomalias magn?ticas que marcam a crosta oce?nica mais antiga est?o em um ?ngulo de 26? e 30? no sentido hor?rio a sul e a norte da zona de fratura, respectivamente, indicando que os primeiros centros de espalhamento foram obl?quos ? zona de fratura. As anomalias rotacionaram no sentido hor?rio e passaram de obl?quas para ortogonais em rela??o ? transformante na is?crona 34 (83,5 ? 8 My). Esta rota??o indica que a influ?ncia do limite das crostas continental e oce?nica ? menos pronunciada ? medida que as anomalias tornam-se mais jovens e mais distantes do continente. A RFZ comportou-se como uma barreira topogr?fica, que impediu que parte dos sedimentos do continente e plataforma atingissem a parte norte da cadeia. Falhas normais formam a borda da plataforma continental e as bordas de cadeias e montes submarinos e atingem as camadas mais recentes, indicando que h? reativa??o neotect?nica. A orienta??o e a geometria da RFZ moldaram a geometria atual da margem brasileira, caracterizada por setores de dire??o E-W e NW-SE, e moldaram a evolu??o das bacias Par?-Maranh?o, Cear? e, principalmente, Barreirinhas. / Large-offset transform faults/fracture zones characterize transform continental margins, which have been seldom investigated when compared to divergent and convergent margins. These faults influenced the segmentation and evolution of the transform margins. This study investigates the evolution of the Romanche Fracture Zone (RFZ) in the Equatorial margin of Brazil using bathymetric, magnetic, gravity, and reflection seismic data. The results of the present investigation indicate that the RFZ is an E-Wtrending, ~70-km-wide zone marked by ridges 2.5 km above the surrounding topography. Magnetic anomalies that mark the oldest oceanic crust are at an angle of 26? and 30? clockwise south and north of the fracture zone, respectively, indicate that the first spreading centers were oblique to the main fracture zone. The anomalies rotated clockwise and shift from oblique to orthogonal to the transform at isochron 34 (83.5 ? 8 My). This rotation indicates that the influence of the continental-oceanic crust boundary is less pronounced as the anomalies become younger and a farther away from the continent. The RFZ behaved as topographic barrier, which prevented part of the sediments from the continent and shelf from reaching the northern part of the ridge. Normal faults form the border of the continental shelf and the borders of ridges and seamounts and they reach the upper younger layers, indicating that neotectonic reactivation. The orientation and geometry of the RFZ shaped the present-day geometry of the Brazilian margin, characterized by E-W- and NW-SE-trending sectors, and the evolution of the Par?-Maranh?o, Cear?, and mainly the Barreirinhas basin.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2017-10-04T19:45:16Z No. of bitstreams: 1 JulianaAparecidaGoncalvesLopes_DISSERT.pdf: 6908423 bytes, checksum: adf870a414cc76ebcff90a78b5a86557 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-10-10T23:17:13Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 JulianaAparecidaGoncalvesLopes_DISSERT.pdf: 6908423 bytes, checksum: adf870a414cc76ebcff90a78b5a86557 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-10-10T23:17:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 JulianaAparecidaGoncalvesLopes_DISSERT.pdf: 6908423 bytes, checksum: adf870a414cc76ebcff90a78b5a86557 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-08-01 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico (CNPq) / A an?lise quantitativa da subsid?ncia tect?nica contribui para identifica??o dos mecanismos que formam as bacias sedimentares, uma vez que a configura??o tect?nica desempenha uma fun??o principal na evolu??o destas bacias. A Bacia Potiguar, localizada na Margem Equatorial Brasileira, apresenta sua evolu??o relacionada a processos de rifteamento complexos, implementados durante a abertura do Oceano Atl?ntico no Jur?ssico/Cret?ceo. Esses processos foram respons?veis pelo desenvolvimento de um rifte emerso abortado, e um rifte submerso, que evoluiu at? a ruptura crustal e forma??o da margem continental transformante. N?s aplicamos a t?cnica de backstripping para quantificar a subsid?ncia tect?nica durante as fases rifte e p?s-rifte da Bacia Potiguar, e analisar a varia??o espacial da subsid?ncia durante os dois eventos tect?nicos, sucessivos e distintos, respons?veis pela evolu??o da bacia. Os par?metros necess?rios para aplica??o desta metodologia foram obtidos por meio de linhas s?smicas 2D e dados de po?os explorat?rios. As curvas de subsid?ncia tect?nica apresentam per?odos com taxas de subsid?ncia moderadas (at? 300 m/Ma), que correspondem a evolu??o do Rifte Potiguar emerso (~141 a 128 Ma). A partir de 128 at? 118 Ma, as curvas apresentam taxas de subsid?ncia nulas para o rifte emerso, enquanto que, altas taxas de subsid?ncia tect?nica (acima de 300 m/Ma) foram registradas no rifte submerso. Durante a fase p?s-rifte, que ocorre a partir de 118 Ma, as taxas de subsid?ncia tect?nica diminu?ram exponencialmente para valores menores que 35 m/Ma, provavelmente relacionadas ? subsid?ncia termal. As taxas de subsid?ncia tect?nica nos v?rios setores do Rifte Potiguar durante as diferentes fases de rifteamento indicam falhamentos mais intensos na parte sul da falha de Carnaubais, ao longo das principais falhas de borda, e na regi?o sudeste do rifte submerso. Durante a fase p?s-rifte, as taxas de subsid?ncia tect?nica aumentam da por??o emersa para a submersa at? a regi?o da quebra da plataforma. As taxas mais altas de subsid?ncia do p?s-rifte (at? 35 m/Ma) est?o concentradas na regi?o central da por??o submersa, e podem estar relacionadas a processos litosf?ricos relacionados ? ruptura da crosta continental e espalhamento oce?nico. A varia??o nas taxas de subsid?ncia e no padr?o das curvas de subsid?ncia nos permitiu interpretar a assinatura tect?nica registrada pelas sequ?ncias sedimentares da Bacia Potiguar durante sua evolu??o. No rifte emerso, as curvas apresentaram taxas de subsid?ncia de at? 300m/Ma durante uma longa fase de rifteamento (13 Ma), o que confirmou o desempenho de um regime distensional nesta por??o. No rifte submerso, as curvas apresentaram taxas de subsid?ncia acima de 300 m/Ma em um intervalo de tempo mais curto (5 a 10 Ma), t?picas de bacias formadas por um regime transtensional. / The quantitative analysis of the tectonic subsidence sheds light on basin-forming mechanisms, since tectonic plate motions play the main role in the genesis of sedimentary basins. The Potiguar Basin, located in the Brazilian Equatorial Margin, presents an evolution related to a complex rifting process, implemented during the Atlantic Ocean opening in the Jurassic/Cretaceous. Different driving mechanisms were responsible for the onset of an aborted onshore rift and an offshore rift, which evolved to crustal rupture and formation of a continental transform margin. Therefore, we applied the backstripping method to quantify the tectonic subsidence during the rift and post-rift phases of the Potiguar Basin and to analyze the spatial variation of subsidence during the two successive and distinct tectonic events responsible for the basin evolution. The parameters required to apply this methodology were extracted from 2D seismic lines and exploratory well data. The tectonic subsidence curves present periods with moderate subsidence rates (up to 300 m/My), which correspond to the evolution of the onshore Potiguar Rift (~141 to 128 Ma). From 128 to 118 Ma, the curves show null subsidence rates in the onshore Potiguar Basin, whereas high subsidence rates (over 300 m/My) occurred in the offshore rift. The post-rift phase had begun at ca. 118 Ma (Aptian), when the tectonic subsidence drastically slowed down to less than 35 m/My, probably related to thermal subsidence. The tectonic subsidence rates in the various sectors of the Potiguar Rift during the different rift phases indicate more intense faulting in the southern portion of the onshore rift, along the main border faults, and in the southeastern portion of the offshore rift. During the post-rift phase, the tectonic subsidence rates increased from onshore to the offshore portion until the continental slope. The highest rates of post-rift subsidence (up to 35 m/My) are concentrated in the central region of the offshore portion, and may be related to lithospheric processes related to the continental crust rupture and oceanic seafloor spreading. The variation in subsidence rates and the pattern of subsidence curves allowed us to interpret the tectonic signature recorded by the sedimentary sequences of the Potiguar Basin during its evolution. In the onshore rift, the curves presented subsidence rates up to 300 m/My during a long-term rift phase (13 Ma), which confirmed an extensional regime in this portion. In the offshore rift, the curves presented high subsidence rates over 300 m/My in a shorter period (5 to10 My), typical of basins formed in a transtensional regime.