Resonators are one of the most important parts of electronic products. They provide a stable reference frequency to ensure the operation of these products. Recently, the electronic products have the trend of miniaturization, which rendered the size reduction of the resonators as well [1]. Better design of the resonators relies on a better understanding of the crystals' nonlinear behavior [2]. The nonlinearities affect the quality factor and acoustic behavior of MEMS (Micro-Electro-Mechanical-System) and nano-structured resonators and filters [3]. Among these nonlinear effects, Drivel Level Dependence (DLD), which describes the instability of the resonator frequency due to voltage level and/or power density, is an urgent problem for miniaturized resonators [2]. Langasite and GaPO4 are new promising piezoelectric material. Resonators made from these new materials have superior performance such as good frequency-temperature characteristics, and low acoustic loss [2]. In this thesis, experimental measurements of drive level dependence of langasite resonators with different configurations (plano-plano, single bevel, and double bevel) are reported. The drive level dependence of GaPO4 resonators are reported as well for the purpose of comparison. The results show that the resonator configuration affects the DLD of the langasite resonator. Experiments for DLD at elevated temperature are also performed, and it was found that the temperature also affects the DLD of the langasite resonator.

La découverte de nouveaux composés cristallins par simulation numérique est un défi majeur en Science des Matériaux. Aussi, trois familles sont à l'étude : les composés constitués de lithium et de dioxyde de carbone ; les phases nitrures MxNy avec M = Mg, Ba, Mo et Zr ; les systèmes GaPO4 et SiS2. Les structures cristallographiques sont déterminées in silico à l'aide de l'algorithme évolutionnaire USPEX couplé à des calculs DFT (VASP). L'étude du polymorphisme en fonction de la pression est conduite tandis que l'analyse des propriétés structurales et électroniques constitue le cœur de cette thèse. Nos travaux mettent clairement en évidence l'effet de la pression dans l'émergence de stoichiométries inhabituelles telles que Li2(CO2), MgN4, et BaN10. Certains de ces matériaux hypothétiques restent stables à pression atmosphérique. Il est montré que l'ajout d'un élément du bloc s autorise la « polymérisation » des molécules insaturées CO2 et N2 à des pressions plus basses. Ainsi, l'oxalate C2O42- polymérise en chaine infinie poly-dioxane à 33 GPa dans LiCO2 ; la nouvelle composition Li2CO2 présente des motifs de type éthène (-O)2C=C(O-)2 ; des chaînons N2, N3 et N4, des anions pentazolates N5- et des cycles N6 sont identifiés dans les phases AexNy, ainsi que des chaines covalentes infinies (1D) stabilisés par les cations alcalino-terreux Ae ; le composé Ba3N2 est un électride conducteur à pression ambiante et un isolant au-dessus de 5 GPa ; la structure stable de MoN2 a des entités N2 encapsulées, et non l'arrangement en feuillet de type MoS2 proposé par des expérimentateurs ; nos prédictions couplées aux données DRX permettent l'élucidation de la structure de GaPO4 à 20 GPa. / The discovery of novel crystalline compounds by numerical simulation is a major challenge in Materials Science. Also, three families are being studied: compounds consisting of lithium and carbon dioxide; the MxNy nitride phases with M = Mg, Ba, Mo and Zr; the GaPO4 and SiS2 systems. The crystallographic structures are determined in silico using the evolutionary algorithm USPEX coupled with DFT calculations (VASP). The study of polymorphism as a function of pressure is carried out whereas the analysis of structural and electronic properties constitutes the heart of this thesis. Our work clearly presents the effect of pressure on the emergence of unexpected stoichiometries, such as Li2(CO2), MgN4, and BaN10. Some of these hypothetical materials remain stable at atmospheric pressure. It's shown that the addition of the s-block element allows the "polymerization" of the unsaturated molecules CO2 and N2 to be carried out at lower pressures. Thus, oxalate C2O42- polymerizes in an infinite poly-dioxane chain in LiCO2 at 33 GPa; the new Li2CO2 composition presents the ethene like (-O)2C=C(O-)2 motif; N2, N3 and N4 finite chains, N5-pentazolate anions, and N6 rings are identified in the AexNy phases, as well as, infinite covalent (1D) chains stabilized by the alkaline earth cations (Ae); the Ba3N2 compound is a conductive electride at ambient pressure and an insulator above 5 GPa; the ground stable structure of MoN2 has encapsulated N2 units, and is not the MoS2 type arrangement proposed by experimentalists; our predictions coupled with the XRD data allow the elucidation of the GaPO4 structure at 20 GPa.