For a number of years wildlife workers have realized the importance of the past histories of introduced species. Emphasis in recent years has been directed toward introductions because of the tremendous hunting and fishing pressures. Yearly increases in numbers of hunters and fishermen have been noted in Utah for the past forty years. It is hoped that this compilationo f the histories of the introduced game and fish species of Utah will be of value to sportsmen and wildlife managers alike in planning future introductions. The material included in this paper was obtained from United States Government reports, Utah Territorial reports, Utah State reports, newspapers and periodicals, personal interviews, and wardens' questionaires

Dissertation (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 2000. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The use of helicopters has become almost universally accepted as the method of choice in the enumeration of large ungulates in Southern Africa. In most cases decisions affecting management of these populations are made based on a single count result. In all these instances the within technique variance is ignored, often leading to decisions based on type I or type II statistical errors where the within technique variance is misconstrued as the population change. Many studies have investigated the issue of accuracy of counting methods and a few have quoted precision values for various methods. Very few have, however, investigated power and those extant have approached the problem from a prospective point of view and predicted power values. This study has made use of replicated counts from 12 sites of the original 23 in four vegetation types of the then Transvaal Province. The study sites vary in terms of size and all counts were undertaken with an experienced, trained team in which only four observers were used. A comprehensive post hoc analysis of the results of the field surveys shows precision and power to vary widely according to species and vegetation type and concludes that gamecounting results are largely site specific. A decline in observations during the course of four hours of survey is demonstrated and although the exact cause cannot be determined, correction factors have been constructed for two vegetation types. Observers are shown to differ from one another in observation profile during the course of surveys. This study demonstrates, describes and quantifies the existence of several phenomena suspected to exist by experienced game counters, biologists and wildlife managers and makes proposals in terms of improving the data returned from expensive aerial surveys. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: In Suider-Afrika word die gebruik van 'n helikopter vir die tel van hoefdiere byna algemeen aanvaar as die metode wat voorkeur geniet. In meeste gevalle word besluitnemings rakende die bestuur van hierdie populasies gebaseer op die resultate van 'n enkele telling. In al die gevalle word tegniekverwante afwykings buite rekening gelaat en dit het die gevolg dat bestuursbesluite gebaseer word op tipe I en tipe II statistiese foute, en dit lei weer op hulle beurt dat tegniekverwante afwykings verkeerdelik geïnterpreteer word as die rede vir veranderings in die bevolkings. Verskeie studies het al die feitegeskil omtrent die akkuraatheid van telmetodes ondersoek en sommige het herhaalbaarheidswaardes vir die verskillende metodes aangehaal. Baie min het egter statistiese mag ondersoek en die wat dit wel gedoen het, het prospektiewe magsanalise as uitgangspunt gebruik en statistiese magwaardes voorspelom die probleem aan te spreek. Hierdie studie het gebruik gemaak van herhaalde tellings van 12 gebiede uit die oorspronklike 23 in vier veldtipes geleë in die ou Transvaal Provinsie. Die studiegebiede verskil in groottes. Alle tellings is deur 'n bekwaamde opgeleide span gedoen wat slegs vier waarnemers ingesluit het. 'n Omvattende post hoc analise van die resultate van die veldopnames dui aan dat herhaalbaarheid en statistiese mag baie varieer met betrekking tot spesies en veldtipes en word die gevolgtrekking gemaak dat wildtellingsresultate grootliks gebiedsgebonde is. In Afname in waarnemings gedurende die verloop van In vier uuropname, is waargeneem en alhoewel die ware oorsaak nie vasgestel kan word nie, is korreksiefaktore bereken vir twee veldtipes. Dit blyk dat waarnemers van mekaar verskil het met betrekking tot hul waarnemingsprofiele gedurende die verloop van die opnames. Hierdie studie dui aan, beskryf en kwantifiseer die bestaan van verskeie verskynsels wat vermoedelik bestaan het by ervare wildtelIers, bioloë en wildlewebestuurders en maak voorstelle met betrekking tot die verbetering van data wat tydens duur lugopnames ingesamel word.

The diversity of wildlife resources and the highly-developed trophy hunting and game ranching industry make South Africa a sought-after destination for travelling hunters. Significant economic, social and ecological benefits result from the annual visits of 16 000 hunters. These benefits, in turn, accelerate industry competition. To maintain or increase the clientele base, hunting providers should continue to manage and improve their clients’ safari experiences. This research investigated visiting hunters’ South African safari experiences by measuring their perceptions of service quality, satisfaction and behavioural intention. The results of the research could assist hunting providers in identifying areas where service expectations are not met and understanding the impact of service quality and satisfaction on clients’ loyalty. The literature study contextualised the South African trophy hunting industry within the tourism environment, the realms of wildlife tourism, and the characteristics of hunting tourism. An overview of tourism services, service quality, customer satisfaction, and behavioural intention was also provided. The resulting conceptual model hypothesised relationships among the safari experience variables (service quality, satisfaction and behavioural intention). ii The empirical data were collected by means of a mail survey, using a self-administered questionnaire distributed to 2 000 foreign hunters who had participated in a South African hunting safari at least once between 2003 and 2007. Two hundred and thirty six completed questionnaires were returned, giving a response rate of 13.2%. The majority of the hunters were male, aged between 40 and 60 years, and from the United States of America and Europe. Hunters perceived the level of service quality delivery by hunting providers to be relatively high and were generally satisfied with their South African safaris. As a result, they were willing to return for another hunting experience and were very likely to speak positively about their experiences. By performing exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, a three-factor (augmented services, core services and supporting services) service quality construct was identified and confirmed. Multiple regression analyses found that core services was the strongest predictor of overall satisfaction; overall satisfaction was significantly related to revisit intention; and revisit intention significantly predicted word-of-mouth intention. An empirical model was accordingly constructed to replace the original conceptual model. iii It is recommended that South African hunting safari providers should: {u10007A} use the suggested measuring instrument to monitor their performance of service quality delivery on a regular basis; {u10007A} train their employees to ensure that they are knowledgeable and well prepared for field guidance and to promote ethical hunting practices; {u10007A} ensure an abundance of game and a wilderness atmosphere in the hunting area; {u10007A} conduct focus group studies to further understand the factors that shape clients’ perceptions of the safari experience; and {u10007A} invest in developing long-term relationships with existing clients.

Magistro darbe nagrinėjama medžiojamųjų gyvūnų populiacijų būklė Prienų rajone. Darbo objektas - medžiojamųjų gyvūnų populiacijos gyvenančios Prienų rajone. Darbo tikslas - išnagrinėti Prienų rajone gyvenančių medžiojamųjų gyvūnų populiacijų būklę ir nustatyti jos pokyčius. Darbo metodai - Žvėrių sumedžiojimo ir gausos duomenys paimti iš Aplinkos ministerijos oficialių ataskaitų, bei atskirų medžioklės plotų naudotojų ataskaitų. Taip pat buvo atliktos kontrolinės elninių žvėrių apskaitos. Buvo nustatyta jų rūšinė sudėtis, tankis žiemos ganyklose, bendras tankis, lyčių bei amžiaus struktūra. Statistinių duomenų analizės būdu buvo lyginami gyvūnų gausos ir jų sumedžiojimo duomenys. Tyrimams buvo panaudoti duomenys iš atskirų medžioklės plotų vienetų naudotojų medžioklėtvarkos projektų. Buvo atlikti žiemos ganyklų tyrimo darbai, nustatyta pagrindinių šakelinių pašarų sudėtis ir jų sunaudojimas žiemos ganyklose. Darbo rezultatai - Prienų rajono medžioklės plotuose gyvena 4 porakanopių rūšys: briedžiai, taurieji elniai, stirnos ir šernai. Briedžių populiacija didėja, bet jos tankis nesiekia minimalios leistinos ribos, todėl briedžių populiacijos reguliavimas šiuo metu nėra tikslingas. Tauriųjų elnių populiacija yra pakankamai stabili, tačiau minimalią tankio ribą peržengė tik paskutinio medžioklės sezono metu, todėl jų gausos reguliuoti nereikėtų. Norint pagerinti bandos kokybę, būtų tikslinga medžioti tik selekcinius patinus. Stirnų populiacija yra gausiausia Prienų rajone... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / In work is investigated structure of game animals populations, in Prienai region. Object of work- game animals populations, which are living in Prienai region. Aim of work- to investigate structure and it changes of game animals populations in Prienai region. Method of work- The hunting and plenty information of animals are taken from Environment department oficials accounts and accounts of individual users of hunting area. Deering animals control registration is done too. Are established their status of population, general density, winter pasture density, age and sex structure. are compare animals plenty with their hunting information of statistics information analysis method. Information for analysis was used individual users of hunting area of hunting method projects. Winter pasture analysis work was done, are established structure of general twig fodder and it using in winter pasture. Results of work- In hunting area of Prienai region lives 4 kinds of pairhoofed game animals: elks, deers, roes and wild boars. Elks population is increasing, but it density is not reached minimum of allowable, therefore control of elks population is not expedient. Deer population is enough stable, but excced density limit only last hunting season that is why their planty don’t need to control. To have better herd quality, expedient to hunt only selection male. The population of roes are most aplenty in Prienai region, although hunting increase two times, degression of plenty is unsighted... [to full text]