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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
51

DNA-poly(amidoamine) complexes for gene delivery : a physicochemical description

Jones, Nicholas Andrew January 1999 (has links)
No description available.
52

Engineering of human artificial mini-chromosomes

Heller, Raoul January 1997 (has links)
No description available.
53

Tolerance to allografts using recipient bone marrow cells trandsduced with a donor MHC gene

Wong, Wilson January 1997 (has links)
No description available.
54

The unusual HIV-1 codon bias as a tool for anti-HIV strategies

Kotsopoulou, Ekaterini January 1999 (has links)
No description available.
55

Cytochrome P450 expression in normal and neoplastic human brain

McFadyen, Morag C. E. January 2000 (has links)
Cytochrome P450 enzymes are a superfamily of constitutive and inducible haemoproteins, with a central role in the oxidative metabolism of a wide range of compounds. These enzymes have been shown to play important roles both in tumour development and mediation of chemotherapy. Although cytoclirome P450 was first identified in the liver, evidence has accumulated for the presence of cytochrome P450 in extrahepatic tissues including the brain. The presence of the xenobiotic metabolising cytochrome P450 enzymes in the brain is intriguing because of the possible ramifications on function from small changes in P450 levels. o This project has highlighted the presence of several cytochrome P450 enzymes belonging to families 1, 2 and 3 in normal and neoplastic human brain. o In addition, it is the first study to look at cytochrome P450 expression in a number of different human brains using a variety of molecular biology and biochemical techniques. This methodology has provided some indication as to the inter-individual differences in the levels and types of cytochrome P450 enzymes in human brain tissue. o All the P450s examined were identified in specific regions of brain with CYPlAl and CYP2C8 mRNA being the most fi'equently expressed forms. CYP2D6 mRNA was localised primarily to the substantia nigra of the mid brain. The distribution of individual P450s in brain is important in determining the response of the brain to xenobiotics. o This project has also established the presence of several cytochrome P450 enzymes in neoplastic human brain by immunohistochemistry. CYPlAl and CYPIBI were over-expressed in the majority of tumours at high intensity, and almost 50% of tumours exhibited strong CYP3A expression. P450s are important in the aetiology and treatment of various cancers, the over-expression of CYPIBI was demonstrated in the majority of astrocytomas investigated, with no concomitant expression observed in the adjacent normal tissue. Data are emerging that CYPIBI has the capacity to metabolise a variety of putative human carcinogens, including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and heterocyclic amines. In addition, preliminary findings from our group suggest CYPIBI may metabolise key chemotherapeutic drugs. This observations highlights CYPIBI as a possible target for gene therapy and CYPIB1 activated anti-cancer drugs. The major mechanism of induction of members of the CYPl gene family is via the Ah receptor (AhR) complex. To obtain a clearer picture of the mechanisms involved in the regulation of the CYPIBI gene in the brain, five glioma cell lines were investigated, only one of the five (MOG-G-CCM) exhibited constitutive AhR mRNA expression. The lack of the AhR mRNA expression which is the main mechanism of induction of members of the CYPl gene family paralleled the lack of cytochrome P450 gene expression in four out of the five cell lines. A key finding of this study suggests that, although the glioma cell line (MOG-G- CCM) may constitutively express CYPIBI mRNA, the presence of an inducing agent is required for subsequent protein expression. This finding requires further examination to investigate the factors involved in the regulation of the CYPIBI gene. It may be possibly that CYPIBI mRNA is present in normal tissue, and that translation/production of the accompanying protein is usually repressed suggesting that the expression of CYPIBI protein observed in tumour tissue may be due to derepression.
56

Evaluation of gene transfer strategies using recombinant adeno-associated viruses for Parkinson’s disease cell and gene therapy/Evaluation de stratégies de transfert de gènes via les virus adéno-associés recombinants pour la thérapie génique et cellulaire de la maladie de Parkinson

Bockstael, Olivier 08 September 2010 (has links)
La maladie de Parkinson se caractérise entre autres par une dégénérescence progressive des neurones dopaminergiques de la substance noire pars compacta (SNpc) qui innervent le striatum. Cette dégénération entraîne une baisse de la sécrétion de dopamine dans le striatum qui est responsable de la majorité des symptômes moteurs de la maladie de Parkinson. Plusieurs approches ont été étudiées pour le traitement de la maladie de Parkinson : i) restaurer une synthèse de dopamine dans le striatum par une greffe striatale de neurones dopaminergique ou par un transfert striatal de gènes impliqués dans la synthèse de la dopamine ; ii) protéger et stimuler les neurones dopaminergiques survivants dans la substance noire pars compacta des patients ; iii) corriger les déséquilibres de la boucle motrice engendrés par la baisse de stimulation dopaminergique du striatum ; iv) stimuler et recruter des progéniteurs cérébraux pour les faire se différencier en neurones dopaminergiques dans le striatum. Toutes ces approches thérapeutiques peuvent impliquer des transferts de gènes. Les vecteurs dérivés des virus adéno-associés (rAAV) constituent des outils de choix pour le transfert de gènes dans les tissus cérébraux. Par ailleurs, de nombreuses applications nécessitent une régulation de l’expression du transgène. Nous disposons au laboratoire d’un vecteur rAAV inductible à la tétracycline (rAAV-TetON). Nous décrivons dans ce travail : i) le comportement du vecteur rAAV dérivé du sérotype 1 d’AAV utilisant la cassette d’expression TetON (rAAV2/1-TetON) comparé à celui du rAAV2/1 utilisant un promoteur constitutif pour l’expression du transgène (rAAV2/1-pCMV) dans le striatum et le mésencéphale (contenant la substance noire). A l’aide d’un vecteur rAAV2/1-TetON exprimant le GDNF, nous montrons que nous pouvons moduler le niveau d’expression du transgène dans le striatum par la dose d’inducteur administré aux animaux. Par ailleurs, nous montrons que le rAAV2/1-TetON présente dans le striatum une efficacité de transduction moindre que le rAAV2/1-pCMV mais qu’il présente un profil de biosécurité supérieur au rAAV2/1-pCMV car il limite fortement l’expression du transgène hors du striatum. De plus, le rAAV2/1-TetON n’entraîne pas de recrutement de lymphocytes T ni d’activation de la microglie dans le striatum. Lorsqu’il est injecté dans le mésencéphale, le vecteur rAAV2/1-TetON, contrairement au rAAV2/1-pCMV présente une expression préférentielle dans les neurones dopaminergiques de la SNpc et de l’aire tégmentale ventrale (VTA). ii) le comportement des vecteurs rAAV2/1-pCMV et scAAV2/1-pCMV (vecteur « self-complémentaire » permettant une expression du transgène indépendamment de la synthèse du second brin du génome viral) dans la région neurogénique de la zone sous-ventriculaire (ZSV). Nous avons montré que les vecteurs rAAV2/1 infectent efficacement la ZSV et s’y expriment rapidement. Les vecteurs scAAV2/1 s’expriment plus rapidement dans la ZSV que les vecteurs rAAV2/1 (expression maximum à 24h et 48h, respectivement). De plus, les vecteurs rAAV2/1 présentent une efficacité de transfection importante pour les progéniteurs neuraux en prolifération (cellules C, transient amplifying progenitors) et les neuroblastes en migration (cellules A) mais pas pour les cellules souches neurales (cellules B). Nous observons, par ailleurs, que les rAAV2/1 induisent une baisse transitoire de la prolifération de la ZSV. Cet effet est indépendant de l’expression du génome et dépend donc probablement de la capside virale de nos vecteurs. De plus, cette baisse de prolifération n’induit pas d’apoptose. A long terme, nous observons des cellules exprimant le transgène dans la zone granulaire du bulbe olfactif, indiquant que la transduction des progéniteurs de la ZSV n’interfère pas avec leurs capacités de migration et de différenciation. iii) l’efficacité de différents sérotypes de rAAV pour le transfert de gènes dans les cellules progénitrices neurales (NPC) in vitro. Nous avons montré que les rAAV peuvent transduire des NPC mais que l’efficacité spécifique des différents sérotypes testés varie en fonction de la région du cerveau fœtal et de l’espèce dont les NPC sont issues. Par ailleurs, les rAAV induisent une réduction drastique de la prolifération des cultures de NPC dépendante du sérotype de rAAV utilisé mais pas de l’origine fœtale des NPC ou de l’espèce dont elles sont issues.
57

On the classification of cancer cell gene via expressive value distance (EVD) algorithm and its comparison to the optimally trained ANN method

Zhang, Tong January 2011 (has links)
University of Macau / Faculty of Science and Technology / Department of Mathematics
58

Development of murine leukemia virus-based vectors for more effective gene therapy genetic analysis of direct repeat deletions /

Delviks, Krista Anda. January 1999 (has links)
Thesis (Ph. D.)--West Virginia University, 1999. / Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains vi, 119 p. : ill. Vita. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references.
59

Self-assembly of cationic lipoplexes from liposomes and plasmids of variable size /

Gonc̦alves, Elisabete. January 2003 (has links)
Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 2003. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 103-116). Also available on the Internet.
60

Elucidation of gene function using RNA interference in a cancer cell culture model.

Daniels, Aliscia Nicole. January 2011 (has links)
RNA interference (RNAi), mediated by small interfering RNA (siRNA), has emerged as a powerful tool for elucidating gene function and also holds great potential for the treatment of acquired and inherited diseases. The delivery of siRNAs still remains a major obstacle for their therapeutic use. Cationic liposomes, a group of positively charged nanovesicles, represent a class of non-viral vectors that have shown the ability to efficiently bind and deliver siRNA. In this study, six cationic liposome formulations containing either cationic cholesterol derivative [N-(N’,N’-dimethylaminopropane)-carbamoyl] cholesterol (Chol-T) or N,Ndimethylaminopropylaminylsuccinylcholesterylformyl- hydrazide (MSO9) were prepared with the neutral lipid dioleoylphosphatidylethanolamine (DOPE). Varying amounts of distearoylphosphatidylethanolamine polyethylene glycol 2000 (DSPE-PEG2000), (0, 2 and 5 mole percent) were also included in the liposomal formulations as polyethylene glycol is known to improve the lipoplex bioavailability in vivo. We present evidence that siRNA may be delivered to mammalian cells, in vitro, using a novel cationic liposome carrier system and that siRNA binding and transfection efficiency of the cationic liposomes are affected by the degree of pegylation. Cryoelectron microscopy revealed that the liposome vesicles were unilamellar and were in the 30 - 130 nm size range, while band shift assays confirmed the formation of complexes between the siRNA and the liposome preparations. These siRNA lipoplexes were shown to afford protection to their siRNA cargoes against serum nuclease degradation and were also shown to be relatively non-toxic to the HeLa tat luc cell line which stably expresses the firefly luciferase gene. Cryoelectron microscopy revealed that an inverse relationship exists between the lipoplex size and the degree of pegylation. To determine the transfection efficiency of the cationic liposome preparations in the HeLa tat luc cell line, complexes were prepared with anti-luciferase siRNA, which is specific for the firefly luciferase gene, and knockdown of the luciferase gene was monitored in transfected cells. The results show that liposomes containing the cytofectin Chol-T were particularly effective, achieving up to 93.4% gene knockdown at the 30 nM siRNA concentration. The non- pegylated and pegylated cationic liposomes that have been formulated and examined in this study therefore warrant further development to facilitate in vivo studies. / Thesis (M.Sc.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville, 2011.

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