Technology in this age is ubiquitous and is changing the way that individuals live, work and play. In line with this, South African education has to change regularly to meet the requirements set out by the Department of Basic Education, including the development of learning outcomes for the 21st century. This study therefore explored teachers' and learners' experiences of Technology-based Teaching and Learning (TbTL) in the Foundation Phase. Qualitative case study research methods such as photovoice, narratives, semi-structured interviews, opinion pieces and field notes were conducted within three cases in order to understand the experiences of TbTL in the Foundation Phase. Data were examined through a conceptual lens that was grounded in the Technological Pedagogical and Content Knowledge (TPACK) framework and yielded the following themes: technological tools, 21st century skills, Technology-based Teaching and Learning itself and mind the gaps. Finally, the novel, original contribution that this study makes is a framework for TbTL in the Foundation Phase. In essence this framework is relevant to understand teachers' and learners' experiences of the phenomenon of TbTL in the Foundation Phase. It is not a step-by-step guide as such but rather an indication of the core elements that are important to consider by any role players using TbTL in this phase. It is anticipated that using this framework as a guide to TbTL in the Foundation Phase will assist in creating teachers and learners who are digitally literate, lifelong learners with developed 21st century skills. / Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2016. / Early Childhood Education / PhD / Unrestricted

This study is about a conceptual framework in order to assist a minister to ensure that the whole family (consisting of different generations) is addressed in the same family service. In many churches different services are held for different generations while, when the family attend a service, the children and teenagers mostly feel that they are not addressed. Children are part of the family of God and should attend the church service with their parents or caretakers. They are the child’s mentors in more than one way and should also guide them to live their lives as Christians. Church leaders increasingly realise that what is happening in the life of a child is directly related to what is happening, or not happening, at home. Leaders recognise that in order to pass on the faith from generation to generation, a new paradigm of ministry is needed – one that is holistic and connects children, youth, family, congregation, community and culture. The generation theory is a tool to help a minister to understand the family members better. It is not a mechanism to label people. It is more like a dipstick into a period of time that groups people who tend, generally speaking, to think and act in a similar manner under certain conditions. With understanding comes insight as well as vision, and problem-solving may follow. A sermon group where families are invited to discuss the Scripture reading as well as the message of the text before and after the sermon may help the minister to address the whole family. The sermon group will enhance communication and understanding. It may also help with the building of relationships between the different generations within the family as well as with the minister. Praise and worship plays an important role in the family service. Traditional worship is word-driven and punctuated by organ music. Contemporary worship is music-driven with pianos, drums and guitars. In order to accommodate all the generations an integrated style is a possibility to explore. This style integrates all the music instruments and songs of the different generations. In a family service worship should link each part of the liturgy in such a way that the reformed character of the service is not neglected. The sermon in a family service, as well as the whole service itself, should be short. The minister should use ample metaphors and visual material in the sermon. It is also important to use simple language (and seldom theological terms) in order to facilitate better understanding amongst the children and teenagers. The person of the minister plays an important role in a family-service. There is always a minister who conducts the service. An honest, transparent and trustworthy minister’s message will be accepted by all generations, even if he/she might not be the best orator. After studying the literature, empirical research was conducted. The original conceptual framework was enriched and broadened by the life-experience interviews of the families regarding the church service. / Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2008. / Practical Theology / unrestricted

Bakgrund: Banksektorn som så många andra sektorer har omfattats av samhällets digitala resa. Resan handlar om hur det digitala har fått en allt större roll i samhället. Digitaliseringen har under de senaste decennierna utvecklats hastigt och banksektorn har gått från att vara väldigt platsbunden till att kunna vara tillgängliga när och var som helst. Tidigare forskning presenterade resultat från andra länder. Resultaten från de utländska studierna visade olika faktorer som påverkade kundnöjdheten. Vissa av faktorerna påverkade kundnöjdheten positivt medan andra påverkade negativt. En faktor som framför allt påverkade negativt var ålder och de som var mest missnöjda var den äldre generationen i jämförelse med de yngre generationerna. För att få en ökad kundnöjdhet generellt i banksektorn var service och bemötande hos bankens medarbetare viktigt. Att banken tillgodoser kunders behov leder oftast till att kunden känner tilltro till banken och stannar som kund. Det är också viktigt att banken och levererar bra utvecklade digitala plattformar som även de ska tillgodose kundens behov. För att banken ska fortsätta ha en hög kundnöjdhet är det viktigt att de hela tiden undersöker hur kundernas behov ser ut. Pengar och investeringar är alltid kopplat till ett risktagande därför är det viktigt att banken bygger en relation till kunden samt är tillgängliga. Syfte: Studien undersöker hur kundnöjdhet ser ut i relation mellan de olika Generationerna Babyboomers, X, Y och Z. Syftet är att undersöka kundnöjdheten i Dalarnas län efter att banksketorn har lanserat digitala tjänster. Det finns två frågeställningar som handlar om vilken genration som redovisar den högsta generella kundnöjdheten och om det finns en skillnad på kundnöjdheten i olika generationer. Metod: För att besvara studiens syfte har en kvantitativ metod tillämpats i form av en enkätundersökning. Ur statistikprogrammet SPSS togs medelvärden fram som tydligt presenterade de olika generationernas grad av kundnöjdhet. Slutsats: Studiens resultat går inte att generalisera på grund av urvalsmetoden. Tidigare studier visar att Generation Babyboomers har den lägsta kundnöjdheten medan denna studie visar det motsatta. Faktorn tjänster hade generellt högst kundnöjdhet bland generationerna. Vidare studier får fördjupa och förklara varför det ser ut som det gör. / Background: The banking sector, like so many other sectors, has been affected by society's digital journey, which is about how the digitalization has taken on an even greater role in society. Digitalization has developed rapidly in recent decades and the banking sector has developed from being very location-bound to being able to be available anytime and anywhere. Previous research covered in this study presented results from other countries. The results from the foreign studies showed various factors that influenced customer satisfaction. Some of the factors had a positive effect on customer satisfaction, while others had a negative impact. One factor that above all had a negative effect was age, and the group who were most dissatisfied were the older generation in comparison to the younger generations. To obtain increased customer satisfaction in general in the banking sector, service and reception by the bank's employees was important. The fact that the bank meets customers' needs usually leads to the customer trusting the bank and staying as a customer. It is also important that the bank delivers well-developed digital platforms which also must meet the customer's needs. In order to the bank to continue to have a high level of customer satisfaction, it is important that they constantly examine what the customers' needs look like. Money and investments are always linked to risk-taking, therefore it is important that the bank establishes a relationship with the customer. Purpose: The study investigates what customer satisfaction looks like in relation to the different Generations of Baby boomers, X, Y and Z. The purpose is to study customer satisfaction in the county of Dalarna after the launch of digital services in the banking sector. There are two research questions that discuss which generation has the highest customer satisfaction as well as if there is a difference between generations and their customer satisfaction within the banking sector. Method: To answer the purpose of the study, a quantitative method has been applied in the form of a survey. From the statistics program SPSS, average values were produced, and they clearly presented the different generations' degree of customer satisfaction. Conclusion: The results of the study cannot be generalized due to the selection method. Previous studies show that Generation Baby Boomers have the lowest customer satisfaction, while this study shows the opposite. The factor regarding services generally had the highest customer satisfaction among the generations. Further studies may deepen and explain why it looks the way it does may clarify and explain the results to a deeper level.

Doctor of Philosophy / Department of Family Studies and Human Services / Farrell J. Webb / The purpose of this study is to examine the affects of hegemonic influences on race and ethnicity among American families. An underlying premise of the investigation is that intra-familial socialization (what one is taught at home) and how external interaction (i.e., social environment) affects the perceptions of racial, ethnic American identity. That is, how does what is taught at home and what is absorbed in our social environments influence how we feel about being American. An overlay of generational effects, race, and gender are examined. Data were extracted from the National Opinion Research Center, General Social Surveys (GSS), for the year 2004. The final sub-sample used for this investigation consisted of approximately 1300 adults. Using theoretical constructs from generational effects, social exchange, and social integrationist approaches, an effort was made to identify what factors had the most influences on how families respond to hegemonic influence when group membership is controlled for in a series of correlations, Exploratory Factor Analyses, and Structure Equation Models (SEM) using Analysis of Moment Structures (AMOS). The results revealed that there were differences associated within and among generation, and racial/ ethnic populations, and gender.

SYNOPSIS The diploma thesis is focused on the topic of private environmental cross-sectoral cooperation from the macro-societal perspective. The theoretical chapter summarizes the driving factors which contribute to evolution of business-environmental NGO relationships, it identifies the main specific features of Czech society context and introduces the three-partnership- generations theory. In the empirical part the main findings from the empirical survey among Czech environmental NGOs are summarized and discussed. It explores the current state and main characteristics, contributions, problems and barriers of private cross-sectoral partnership. Furthermore the relations between the environmental organizations' characteristics and specific aspects of cooperation are examined. In the end the results of the survey are set into the context of three-partnership-generations theory and the basic explanation of private environmental cross-sectoral partnership's current state is discussed in the context of specific features of Czech society.