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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Prospec??o de genes associados ao processo de flora??o em tomateiro.

Ferreira, Daiane Cristina Cabral 28 February 2008 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:18:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DaianeCCF.pdf: 438800 bytes, checksum: c847da48b438b366ac3a9e69d018618a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-02-28 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico / Flowering is a process marked by switch of shoot apical meristem to floral meristem, and it involves a complex regulation by endogenous and environmental factors. Analyses of key flowering genes have been carried out primarily in Arabidopsis thaliana and have provided a foundation for understanding the underlying molecular genetic mechanisms controlling different aspects of floral development. Several homologous have been found in other species, but for crops species such as tomatoes this process is not well known. The aim of this work was to use the genetic natural variation associated to the flowering process and use molecular tools such as subtractive libraries and real time PCR in order to identify and analyze the expression from genes that may be associated to flowering in these two species: L. esculentum cv Micro-Tom and L. pimpinellifolium. Our results showed there were identified many genes related to vegetative and possibly to the flowering process. There were also identified many sequences that were unknown. We ve chosen three genes to analyze the expression by real time PCR. The histone H2A gene gave an expression higher in L. pimpinellifolium, due to this the expression of this gene may be associated to flowering in this specie. It was also analyzed the expression of an unknown gene that might be a key factor of the transition to flowering, also in L. pimpinellifolium. For the elongation factor 1-α expression, the expression results were not informative, so this gene may have a constitutive expression in vegetative and flowering state. The results observed allowed us to identify possible genes that may be related to the flowering process. For further results it will be necessary a better characterization of them. / A flora??o ? controlada por condi??es ambientais e fatores end?genos que se associam numa rede de mecanismos gen?ticos bastante complexos. An?lises de genes chaves da flora??o foram feitas primariamente em Arabidopsis thaliana tem fornecido grande conhecimento sobre mecanismos gen?ticos que controlam diferentes aspectos do desenvolvimento floral. Existem muitos hom?logos descritos em diversas outras esp?cies, inclusive em plantas de interesse agron?mico como o tomateiro. Nesta planta, as varia??es gen?ticas naturais relacionadas com a flora??o podem ter origem em diferentes genes expressos durante o desenvolvimento. Com isso, o objetivo deste trabalho foi de prospectar genes associados ao processo de flora??o utilizando a varia??o gen?tica natural existente entre L. esculentum cv Micro-tom e L. pimpinellifolium, aplicando-se a metodologia de biblioteca subtrativa e an?lise de express?o por qPCR em tempo real. Os resultados obtidos permitiram uma identifica??o de alguns genes que possam ser associados ? flora??o nestas esp?cies. Foram encontrados nas bibliotecas subtrativas genes relacionados tanto com o desenvolvimento vegetativo quanto genes ligados ao desenvolvimento reprodutivo, al?m de muitos genes n?o identificados em bancos de dados. Foram analisadas as express?es de tr?s genes por qPCR. As an?lises sugerem uma prov?vel associa??o do gene da histona H2A com a flora??o em L. pimpinellifolium, al?m de ter sido identificado tamb?m um gene desconhecido que pode ser outro fator chave na transi??o do meristema floral nessa esp?cie. Para os dados de express?o do gene fator de elonga??o 1-α, outro gene resultante da subtra??o de uma biblioteca com mensagens vegetativas, n?o foi encontrada liga??o com a flora??o. Visando-se melhor caracterizar este evento fisiol?gico em tomateiro, devem-se realizar estas an?lises para os outros genes identificados.
2

Caracteriza??o funcional de dois cDNAs de cana-de- a??car : PKCI e SHAGGY

Silva, Francinaldo Leite da 16 May 2011 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:10:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 FrancinaldoLS_DISSERT.pdf: 2544554 bytes, checksum: b9889e7b0f272a12f69ccee6cb6a3d3b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-05-16 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / Flowering is controlled by several environmental and endogenous factors, usually associated with a complex network of metabolic mechanisms. The gene characterization in Arabidopsis model has provided much information about the genetic and molecular mechanisms that control flowering process. Some of these genes had been found in rice and maize. However, in sugarcane this processe is not well known. It is known that early flowering may reduce its production up to 60% at northeast conditions. Considering the impact of early flowering in sugarcane production, the aim of this work was to make the gene characterization of two cDNAs previously identified in subtractive cDNA libraries: scPKCI and scSHAGGY. The in silico analysis showed that these two cDNAs presented both their sequence and functional catalytic domains conserved. The results of transgenic plants containing the overexpression of the gene cassette scPKCI in sense orientation showed that this construction had a negative influence on the plant development as it was observed a decrease in plant height and leaf size. For the scPKCI overexpression in antisense orientation it was observed change in the number of branches from T1 transgenic plants, whereas transgenic T2 plants showed slow development during germination and initial stages of development. The other cDNA analyzed had homology to SHAGGY protein. The overexpression construct in sense orientation did not shown any effect on development. The only difference observed it was an increase in stigma structure. These results allowed us to propose a model how these two genes may be interact and affect floweringdevelopment. / A flora??o ? controlada por diversos fatores como condi??es ambientais e fatores end?genos que se associam em uma rede de mecanismos bastante complexos. A caracteriza??o funcional de alguns genes realizada no modelo vegetal A. thaliana tem fornecido muitas informa??es a respeito dos mecanismos gen?ticos e bioqu?micos que controlam a flora??o. Existem muitos hom?logos descritos em diversas esp?cies, inclusive em plantas de interesse agron?mico, como: arroz e milho. Em cana-de-a??car pouco se sabe sobre esse processo, embora o estudo nessa cultura seja muito importante, uma vez que a flora??o precoce pode acarretar perdas substanciais no teor de sacarose que podem chegar a at? 40% da produ??o. Com isso, o objetivo deste trabalho foi caracterizar a fun??o de dois cDNAs, identificados anteriormente em bibliotecas subtrativas scPKCI e scSHAGGY, por meio de an?lises in silico e a superexpress?o g?nica nas orienta??es senso e antisenso utilizando plantas de Nicotiana tabacum. Os resultados obtidos com a an?lise in silico permitiram observar que os dois cDNAs encontram-se bem conservados, com dom?nios catal?ticos funcionais. Os resultados das plantas transg?nicas contendo o cassete de superexpress?o do gene scPKCI na orienta??o senso mostrou que esta constru??o influenciou negativamente no desenvolvimento normal de plantas de tabaco transg?nicas acarretando a diminui??o da altura m?dia das plantas e da ?rea foliar. Para superexpress?o de scPKCI em orienta??o antissenso, foi observado altera??es no n?mero de ramifica??es das plantas transg?nicas T1, enquanto que as plantas transg?nicas T2 apresentaram o in?cio do desenvolvimento atrasado. Para o outro cDNA analisado, os resultados obtidos mostraram que a superexpress?o do cDNA scSHAGGY na orienta??o senso n?o alterou o desenvolvimento das plantas, por?m a planta apresentou um aumento no tamanho da estrutura floral do gineceu em 100% das flores analisadas (dez flores em seis plantas). Os nossos resultados juntamente com resultados existentes na literatura com outras plantas permitem propor que os cDNAs scPKCI e scSHAGGY estariam envolvidos no processo de flora??o em cana-de-a??car.

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