No description available.

No description available.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Alabama at Birmingham, 2008. / Title from first page of PDF file (viewed on June 23, 2009). Includes bibliographical references.

No description available.

Alcohol dependence (alcoholism) is a complex disease influenced by both environmental factors and genetic predisposition. Mouse models have been used to study many alcohol dependence-related traits and the genetics that underlie them. Two of the most commonly used mice in alcohol research are the C57BL/6J (B6) and DBA/2J (D2) inbred strains, which diverge on several alcohol-related traits including the development of acute physical dependence. Here we utilized the B6 and D2 mice as a genetic model of acute physical dependence, coupled with mRNA Differential Display (DD) and cDNA microarray analysis, to uncover the transcriptional response of the brain to an acute dose of alcohol as a function of time. About 150 genetically divergent and alcohol-responsive genes were identified between the whole brains of B6 and D2 mice using DD and were added as additional targets to the mouse microarrays. Microarray analysis of the prefrontal cortex of B6 and D2 mice revealed strain-specific, acute alcohol-responsive transcriptome remodeling manifested as temporal patterns of gene expression. Distinct expression patterns were identified for physiologically relevant alcohol-related consequences including intoxication, withdrawal and neuroadaptation. In silico characterization of the differentially expressed genes showed genotype dependent and independent transcriptional regulation and functional classification. In addition, categorization of differentially expressed genes by their cellular profiles revealed that some of the genes were known to be more highly expressed in either excitatory or inhibitory neuronal cell types. Our results indicate that the B6 and D2 prefrontal cortices have very different cellular and molecular responses to acute alcohol exposure. The specific roles that the genes identified in this study may play in mediating the divergent alcohol-related behavior between the strains warrant further study. / text

Este trabalho lança novos dados em relação à gênese das águas termais da região centro-sul da Borda Oriental do Estado de Santa Catarina. Pouco se sabe a este respeito, apesar das águas termais serem exploradas a mais de 180 anos no Estado de Santa Catarina, pouco se falou sobre sua gênese e evolução. Neste trabalho foram reunidos os dados existentes sobre as águas termais e termo-minerais no Estado de Santa Catarina até o presente momento e compilados na forma de tabelas, quadros e modelos genéticos, o que possibilitou lançar novas hipóteses sobre as origens destas águas. Não foram consideradas as ocorrências a Oeste de Santa Catarina por serem captações feitas por poços tubulares profundos e não por surgências naturais ou poços pouco profundos, como ocorre na região centro-sul da Borda Oriental. / This work intends to dare new basis in relation to the origin of the thermal and thermal-mineral waters in the Centre-South of the Eastern Cost in the state of Santa Catarina. Only a few information about it is available, in spite of the thermal and thermal-mineral waters are being explored over 180 years in the state of Santa Catarina, a few was spoken about their origin and evolution. In this work were joined the information available about the thermal and thermalmineral waters in the state of Santa Catarina until the present moment and compiled in schedules and genetic models that permited to criate new hypothesis about the origin of those waters. The accurences in the West of Santa Catarina were not considered because the captivating is done by deep tubular wells and not by natural existence or by less deep wells like occurs in the Centre-South and the Eastern Cost.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The objective of this study was to estimate the genetic effects that affect the pre and post weaning performances of animals, products from Aberdeen Angus (A) and Nellore (N) breeds crosses. In Article 1, there were used the weaning weights (PD) to test five genetic models (M). The M1, complete, containing the fix breed genetic effects direct additive (AD) and maternal (AM), the heterozygote effects direct (HD) and maternal (HM), the epystatic effects direct (HD) and maternal (HM) and joint additive effects direct (ACD) and maternal (ACM); M2, was equal to M1, excluding ACD and ACM effects; M3, was equal to M1, excluding ED and EM effects; M4, was equal M1, excluding ED, EM, ACD and ACM effects, and M5, was equal M1, excluding HD, HM, ED, EM, ACD and ACM effects. The models were submitted to three different analysis methods: Least Square Means method (MQM), Ridge Regression Method (RC) and Restricted Maximum Likelihood Method (REML). The different tests used to check the methodologies efficiency and to compare the models allowed to conclude, for this population, that: the dominant additive models usually used for genetic evaluations, do not give a good description of the pre weaning variations, being necessary to add the heterozygote and epystatic effects; the joint additive effects do not improve substantially the adjustment of the analysis model and the heterozygote effects were efficient to represent a quadratic breed additive effect, beyond of to insert a bias related to the joint additive effects co linearity. In Article 2, there were used the weight at yearling (PS) to test five genetic models as previously described, only excluding the maternal effects. The models were submitted to three different analysis methods: MQM, RC and REML. The RC method estimate coefficients with magnitude and sign with biological explanations. The estimative obtained were different from one to the other model, indicating the importance of to choose the adequate model to perform one analysis. It is necessary to decide based on a previous knowledge of the studied phenomenon, it biological interpretation, and the relationship between the independent variables. It was important to include the effects caused by heterozygosis and epystasis in the model besides the additive effect. The mathematic notation nowadays used for the joint additive effects, and tested in this study, were not able to explain the between breed complementarily, as was expected, because of the multi co linearity between the effects studied. / Este estudo teve como objetivo estimar os efeitos genéticos que influenciam o desempenho pré e pós-desmama de animais produtos de cruzamentos entre as raças Aberdeen Angus (A) e Nelore (N). No artigo 1, foram utilizados os pesos a desmama (PD) para testar cinco modelos (M) genéticos diferentes. O M1, contendo os efeitos genéticos de raça fixos aditivos diretos (AD) e maternos (AM), heterozigóticos diretos (HD) e maternos (HM), epistáticos diretos (ED) e maternos (EM) e aditivos conjuntos diretos (ACD) e maternos (ACM); o M2, igual ao M1, menos os efeitos ACD e ACM; o M3, igual ao M1, menos os efeitos ED e EM; o M4, igual ao M1, menos os efeitos ED, EM, ACD e ACM e o M5, igual ao M1, menos os efeitos HD, HM, ED, EM, ACD e ACM. Os modelos foram submetidos a três métodos de análise diferentes: Método dos Quadrados Mínimos (MQM), Regressão de Cumeeira (RC) e Máxima Verossimilhança Restrita (REML). Os diferentes testes usados para avaliar a eficiência das metodologias e comparar os modelos permitiram concluir, para esta população, que: os modelos aditivos dominantes, usualmente utilizados em avaliações genéticas, não descrevem adequadamente as variações que ocorrem no desempenho pré-desmama, devendo ser adicionados os efeitos heterozigóticos e epistáticos; os efeitos aditivos conjuntos não acrescentaram melhoria substancial aos ajustes promovidos pelos modelos de análise e os efeitos heterozigóticos foram suficientes para representar um efeito quadrático do efeito aditivo de raça, além da inserção de um viés desnecessário atribuído a multicolineariedade relacionada aos efeitos aditivos conjuntos. No artigo 2, foram utilizados os pesos ao sobreano (PS) para testar os cinco modelos genéticos, descritos para PD, excluindo-se apenas o efeito materno. Os modelos foram submetidos a três métodos de análise diferentes: MQM, RC e REML. O método RC forneceu estimativas de coeficientes com magnitudes e sinais explicados biologicamente. As estimativas dos efeitos, (co)variâncias, parâmetros e valores genéticos diferiram entre os modelos, indicando a importância da correta escolha do modelo de análise, devendo-se ter conhecimento prévio do fenômeno estudado, sua interpretação biológica, e sempre preceder à escolha de um modelo de análise genética multirracial o estudo da relação existente entre as variáveis independentes. Importantes efeitos adicionais ao efeito aditivo foram acrescentados pelas inclusões dos efeitos heterozigóticos e epistáticos aos modelos de análise. A notação matemática dos efeitos aditivoconjuntos, aplicada atualmente na literatura, e testada neste estudo, não foram capazes de explicar a complementariedade entre raças como esperado, havendo problemas com casos de multicolineariedade entre os efeitos estudados.

Este trabalho lança novos dados em relação à gênese das águas termais da região centro-sul da Borda Oriental do Estado de Santa Catarina. Pouco se sabe a este respeito, apesar das águas termais serem exploradas a mais de 180 anos no Estado de Santa Catarina, pouco se falou sobre sua gênese e evolução. Neste trabalho foram reunidos os dados existentes sobre as águas termais e termo-minerais no Estado de Santa Catarina até o presente momento e compilados na forma de tabelas, quadros e modelos genéticos, o que possibilitou lançar novas hipóteses sobre as origens destas águas. Não foram consideradas as ocorrências a Oeste de Santa Catarina por serem captações feitas por poços tubulares profundos e não por surgências naturais ou poços pouco profundos, como ocorre na região centro-sul da Borda Oriental. / This work intends to dare new basis in relation to the origin of the thermal and thermal-mineral waters in the Centre-South of the Eastern Cost in the state of Santa Catarina. Only a few information about it is available, in spite of the thermal and thermal-mineral waters are being explored over 180 years in the state of Santa Catarina, a few was spoken about their origin and evolution. In this work were joined the information available about the thermal and thermalmineral waters in the state of Santa Catarina until the present moment and compiled in schedules and genetic models that permited to criate new hypothesis about the origin of those waters. The accurences in the West of Santa Catarina were not considered because the captivating is done by deep tubular wells and not by natural existence or by less deep wells like occurs in the Centre-South and the Eastern Cost.