The encounter between Spain and the New World --the Americas-- is one of the distinctive historical events of the 15th century. So it is surprising that there is very little reference to the Americas in the many plays remaining from the Spanish Golden Age theatre. This thesis studies six plays centering on the Arauco wars in Southern Chile and the figure of one of the first governors of that country, don Garcia Hurtado de Mendoza. The main objective of this study is to demonstrate to what extent the literary elaboration of the topic contributed to the vision of the New World held by the Spanish public. The dramatists that dealt with this theme did not have any direct contact with the Americas, therefore their representation of that world was based on oral accounts and literary sources available at the time. Among the latter are the letters of a conqueror, two chronicles, two epic poems and a panegiric text. The first part of this thesis consists of the textual analysis of this literary corpus. The main focus of the analysis is the influence of these sources on the dramas and how the characteristics of each genre contributed to their creation. The analysis of the dramatic works with Araucanian content (five plays and one auto sacramental) forms the second part of this thesis. The approach centers particularly on the representation of the Indian world as the "Other" opposed to the Spanish world. The analysis of these texts shows the subtle evolutionary process by which the treatment of the historical fact --Arauco and the Conquest-- in the theatre contributed to create the "idea" of America held at the time in Spain. Also, the re-elaboration of characters and motives indicates the emergence of native mythical figures which have become part of the historic and cultural patrimony of Chile today.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Miami University, Dept. of English, 2005. / Title from second page of PDF document. Document formatted into pages; contains [3], iv, 143 p. Includes bibliographical references (p. 132-143).

Orientador: Livia de Oliveira / Banca: Wenceslao Machado de Oliveira Júnior / Banca: Lucia Helena Batista Gratão / Resumo: A obra de João Cabral de Melo Neto é uma das mais significativas de nossa literatura. Sua concepção racional da poesia atribuía à própria materialidade dos objetos seu potencial poético. Para tanto, escrevia a partir da memória, sempre distante dos lugares temas de sua poesia. Para ele, esta era uma condição necessária à escrita, embora seus poemas não possuam um tom memorialista. A memória era entendida por ele como o material de onde a poesia poderia emergir e por isso Cabral fez uma obra com referências geográficas explícitas, de forma consciente. A forma como ele enraizou sua poesia e como esta atingiu a universalidade é objeto desta pesquisa, procurando em sua poética os traços que tornam sua obra o elogio da matéria, da espacialidade e da geograficidade, enquanto elementos intrínsecos da produção artística. "Morte e vida severina", seu poema mais conhecido, é tomado como eixo principal desta análise, a partir de suas imagens, metáforas e da própria poética cabralina. O rio Capibaribe é o caminho de Severino que emigra do sertão para Recife, promovendo uma transmutação entre homem-rio no seu caminho de morte e vida. A análise revela a importância do espaço telúrico, expressão da relação primitiva homem-meio, como a fonte de onde emerge a força imagética e metafórica da poesia. / Abstract: The work of João Cabral de Melo Neto is one of the most significant of our literature. His rational conception of poesy attributed to the own materiality of the objects his poetical potential. For this reason, he wrote from his memory, always far from the theme places of his poesy. It was for him a necessary condition to writing even though his poems do not possesses a memorializing tone. Memory was understood by him as the material where poesy could emerge, and for this reason, Cabral did a work with explicit geographical references in a conscientious form. The way that he established his poesy and how it reached universality is the object of this research, looking for in his poetics the traces that makes his work the eulogy of matter, of spatiality and of geographicity, while intrinsic elements of the artistically production. "Morte e Vida Severina", his most known poem, is taken as the main axle of this analysis starting from its images, metaphors and from the own Cabral's poetics. Capibaribe river is the path of Severino that emigrates from sertão to Recife, promoting a transmutation between man-river in his path of death and life. The analysis reveals the importance of telluric space, expression of primitive relation man-environment as the source from where emerges the imagery and metaphoric strength of the poesy. / Mestre

Esta dissertação insere-se na área de estudos que busca relacionar geografia e literatura cada vez mais presente na geografia atual , e seu objetivo mais importante é realizar um estudo geográfico da obra lírica de Carlos Drummond de Andrade, um dos mais importantes poetas brasileiros contemporâneos. A escolha de Drummond entre tantos poetas importantes como Mário de Andrade, João Cabral de Melo Neto, Manuel Bandeira, Ferreira Gullar e outros ocorreu sobretudo pelo reconhecimento, entre seus principais críticos, do intenso teor público e social de sua poesia, carregada de um desejo de participação e de um olhar acurado em direção ao mundo. A associação tão visceral, igualmente, entre o poeta e sua terra natal, Minas Gerais e Itabira do Mato Dentro, bem como os fortes laços que estabeleceu com o Rio de Janeiro, que figura em tantas de suas poesias, foram também importantes inspirações para a escolha. Devido à extensão de sua obra lírica, tivemos de selecionar apenas três livros para a consecução deste objetivo, Sentimento do Mundo, A rosa do povo e Boitempo II Menino Antigo os dois primeiros, ilustrativos da fase mais social de sua poesia, na qual o Rio de Janeiro desempenha um papel muito importante; o último, representante de um regresso a Minas Gerais e a Itabira. A análise inicial das obras se deu por meio de procedimentos estatísticos, realizados com a totalidade dos poemas, mas a interpretação fundamental foi construída pela leitura crítica de um número mais circunscrito de poemas. Cientes, entretanto, que o objeto proposto enseja algumas controvérsias de ordem teórica e metodológica, não nos furtamos a discuti-las, buscando contribuir com algumas das discussões próprias à área de estudos. Manifestamos, assim, a consciência de que a poesia é um gênero minoritário no interior das pesquisas que relacionam geografia e literatura. Por diversos motivos, que procuramos discutir no decorrer da dissertação, a geografia tende a aproximar-se mais do gênero romanesco. Este fato nos levou a traçar um histórico da aproximação entre a ciência geográfica e a arte literária, procurando pensar algumas das causas dessa predileção, que tem inequívocos fundamentos teórico-metodológicos. É também este fato que nos levou a clamar Por uma geografia da lírica e a dedicar parte do trabalho a uma discussão a respeito da definição de lírica e a uma defesa de sua pertinência em relação à geografia. A própria matéria sobre a qual decidimos nos debruçar e a própria obra do poeta ensejaram esta parte do trabalho, demonstrando quão rica é a aproximação entre lírica e geografia. / This essay studies the relations between geography and literature increasingly important as a theme and his most important purpose is to investigate the lyrical work of Carlos Drummond de Andrade, one of the most important poets of the contemporary Brazilian literature. The selection of Drummond among many other important poets Mario de Andrade, João Cabral de Melo Neto, Manuel Bandeira, Ferreira Gullar and others occurred essentially by the recognition, among his most important critics, of the intense public and social character of his poetry, permeated by a desire of participation and an accurate sensibility towards the world. In addition, the strong association between the poet and his native environment, the state of Minas Gerais and the city of Itabira do Mato Dentro, as well as the strong connection he established with the city of Rio de Janeiro, has been important inspirations for the choice. Due to the extension of his lyrical work, only three books have been selected for the achievement of our aims, Sentimento do Mundo, A rosa do povo (books that represent the most social period of his poetry) and Boitempo II Menino Antigo (a book that represent a regress to Minas Gerais and Itabira). In the initial analysis of the works, we used statistical procedures, applied to the totality of poems, but the essential interpretation has been established by a critical reading of a minor number of poems. However, the subject proposed engenders some controversial questions, and it is important to discuss these questions in order to contribute with the debates. Thus, we are aware that poetry is a minority genre in the researches that relate geography and literature. For several reasons, that we attempt to discuss in the course of this dissertation, geography tends to be more interested in studying novels. This fact led us to establish a history of the approach between the geographical science and the literary art, in order to discuss the causes of this predilection, which have, undeniably, theoretical and methodological basis. It\'s also this fact that lead us to claim Towards a geography of lyric and to dedicate part of this work to a discussion about the definition of the concept of lyric, as well as to the defense of the pertinence of this subject for the geography. The matter of this research and the poetry selected for this work engendered this part of the work, proving how rich can be the approach between lyric and geography.

The encounter between Spain and the New World --the Americas-- is one of the distinctive historical events of the 15th century. So it is surprising that there is very little reference to the Americas in the many plays remaining from the Spanish Golden Age theatre. This thesis studies six plays centering on the Arauco wars in Southern Chile and the figure of one of the first governors of that country, don Garcia Hurtado de Mendoza. The main objective of this study is to demonstrate to what extent the literary elaboration of the topic contributed to the vision of the New World held by the Spanish public. The dramatists that dealt with this theme did not have any direct contact with the Americas, therefore their representation of that world was based on oral accounts and literary sources available at the time. Among the latter are the letters of a conqueror, two chronicles, two epic poems and a panegiric text. The first part of this thesis consists of the textual analysis of this literary corpus. The main focus of the analysis is the influence of these sources on the dramas and how the characteristics of each genre contributed to their creation. The analysis of the dramatic works with Araucanian content (five plays and one auto sacramental) forms the second part of this thesis. The approach centers particularly on the representation of the Indian world as the "Other" opposed to the Spanish world. The analysis of these texts shows the subtle evolutionary process by which the treatment of the historical fact --Arauco and the Conquest-- in the theatre contributed to create the "idea" of America held at the time in Spain. Also, the re-elaboration of characters and motives indicates the emergence of native mythical figures which have become part of the historic and cultural patrimony of Chile today. / Arts, Faculty of / French, Hispanic, and Italian Studies, Department of / Graduate

A study of the significance of Walt Whitman's use of geography in Leaves of Grass.

This thesis examines the methods through which Gail Anderson-Dargatz and Ann-Marie MacDonald construct region in their novels The Cure for Death by Lightning and Fall on Your Knees. These texts, like all successful regional novels, describe more than geography. Their regions are also functions of time. I introduce the term "temporal region" to describe the spaces created by this interdependence of time and place. I then focus upon the specifics of descriptive and narrative approach that lead to the convincing portrayal of the Shuswap and Cape Breton Island in the texts. Anderson-Dargatz and MacDonald direct attention to the foddways of their regions, expressing the connection between consumption choices and a society's historical and physical location. The authors also articulate their regions by highlighting cultural diversity in the areas they describe. In this way they deny the social homogeneity more sentimental regional texts often rely upon. Finally, the novelists use an appropriately Canadian method of regional opposition to define their temporal regions according to that which they are not ~ they are not American, glamorous, or urban. They therefore must be Canadian, quotidian, and rural.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of California, San Diego, 1998. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaf 262).

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:33:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2011-12-22Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:44:39Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 sacardo_va_dr_rcla.pdf: 3516117 bytes, checksum: 2a06f1c08585e42faa89c44e32828fa9 (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / O presente estudo trata das produções de Plínio Salgado: intelectual, jornalista, escritor, líder político e criador do Integralismo brasileiro. Suas produções estavam relacionadas à elaboração de uma doutrina política nacional que defendia o autoritarismo, o nacionalismo e a ordem, a partir de ações diluídas na literatura, no programa partidário e na educação. Contemporâneo da Primeira República, Plínio Salgado participou das grandes discussões e agitações políticas que caracterizaram o período. Envolvido primeiramente na literatura, através da participação na Semana de Arte Moderna e da criação do movimento Verde-Amarelo e da Anta, migra para a atuação política por meio da A. I. B. (Ação Integralista Brasileira) em 1932. A partir de então desenvolve todo o programa que configuraria a doutrina Integralista brasileira, contando com mais de um milhão de filiados. Apesar de proibida após o golpe do Estado Novo, a Ação Integralista Brasileira constitui um capítulo fundamental da história política nacional. O método de pesquisa que utilizamos nesse trabalho é o estruturalismo genético, amparado pela técnica das palavras chaves. O objetivo principal é a compreensão do discurso integralista e a revelação da coerência interna da obra, bem como a função que assumiu no contexto do capitalismo nascente no Brasil, a partir da emergência de novas classes sociais. A hipótese é a de que o Integralismo pliniano é revelador das condições agitadas do período a partir da emergência das classes médias e que o pensamento geográfico desse autor traduz uma visão do mundo autoritária e atrelada à manutenção do status quo / The present study deals with the productions of Plínio Salgado: intellectual, journalist, writer, political leader and creator of the Brazilian Integralism. His productions were related to the preparation of a national political doctrine that defended the authoritarianism, the nationalism and the order, from attenuated actions into the literature, the party program and the education. Contemporaneous of the “Primeira República”, Plínio Salgado participated in the big discussions and political movements that characterized the period. Primarily involved in the literature, through participation in the Modern Art Week and in the creation of the “Verde-Amarelo” and the “Anta” movements, he moves to the political acting through the A.I.B - Ação Integralista Brasileira (Brazilian Integralist Action) in 1932. From this time on, he develops the whole program that would form the Brazilian Integralist doctrine, which had more than one million of enrolled participants. Although banned after the coup of the “Estado Novo”, the Brazilian Integralist Action (A.I.B.) was a fundamental aspect in the national political history. The research method used in this study is the genetic structuralism, supported by the technique of the keywords. The main objective is the integralist speech understanding and the revealing of the internal coherence of the work, as well as the function that it assumed in the nascent capitalism context in Brazil, from the emergence of the new social classes. The hypothesis is that the Plinian Integralism is revealing the busy conditions of the period from the emergence of middle classes and that the geographical thought that the author conveys an authoritarian vision of the world linked to a maintaining of the status quo

Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-14T12:17:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Arquivototal.pdf: 1399413 bytes, checksum: 64db75e231024dbe2586d4570853cdfb (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-09-04 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The fictitious narratives incorporate themselves as an additional way of interpretation of spatial reality. Geography and Literature built affinities that guided the dialogue between these fields. Thus, fictitious literature consists of a stimulating means of analysis and geographical knowledge, enabling to understand the material and immaterial aspects inherent in space. Thus, we chose the fictitious novel by José Lins do Rego, "The boy Richard (O moleque Ricardo)," as an important source of memory, document and representation of a certain reality. The trajectory of the main character, Ricardo, enables us to understand the institutions that made him migrate from Santa Rosa mill to Recife city. The saga of Richard, black child working as a semi-rented by Colonel José Paulino, urges us to interpret and analyze the countryside and the city. The historical context experienced by the author serves as a backdrop to show the everyday life of a newly liberated society, living in semi-slavery on the plantation and later as a laborer in urban space. The hardships experienced by blacks in the country or city can be observed in the novel. José Lins do Rego, novelist of the regionalist movement of 1930 reflected the panel of social problems in the Northeast of Brazil, especially the region of Zona da Mata of Pernambuco and Paraiba. / As narrativas romanescas incorporam-se como uma forma a mais de interpretação da realidade espacial. Geografia e literatura construíram laços de afinidades que nortearam o diálogo entre esses campos do saber. Assim, a literatura romanesca consiste como meio estimulante de análise e conhecimento geográfico, possibilitando compreender os aspectos materiais e imateriais inerentes ao espaço. Assim, escolhemos a narrativa romanesca de José Lins do Rego, O moleque Ricardo , como importante fonte de memória, documento e representação de determinada realidade. A trajetória do personagem principal, Ricardo, possibilita compreendermos as instâncias que fizeram o moleque da bagaceira migrar do engenho Santa Rosa em direção a cidade do Recife. A saga de Ricardo, criança negra trabalhando como semi-alugado do coronel José Paulino, nos instiga a interpretar e analisar o campo e a cidade. O contexto histórico vivido pelo o autor serve como pano de fundo para mostrar o cotidiano de uma sociedade recémliberta, vivendo em regime de semi-escravidão no engenho e posteriormente como operário no espaço urbano. As agruras vividas pelos negros, no campo ou na cidade, podem ser observadas no romance. José Lins do Rego, romancista do movimento regionalista de 1930 traduz o painel dos problemas sociais do Nordeste do Brasil, em especial a região da zona da mata paraibana e pernambucana.