In the systematic hydrothermal investigation or mineral systems in modern laboratories, the influence of several variables can be determined. In most recent studies the variables have been three: composition of the solid phase, temperature, pressure of water in contact with the solid phase. In general the investigators have varied each of these three properties of the systems and have determined the shifts in mineral equilibria caused by each change. In nature, mineral assemblages are undoubtedly controlled by other r variables in addition to these three. The present paper is concerned with an attempt to determine experimentally whether changes in other physical conditions are reflected by changes in the minerals present at a given temperature.

Abnormal concentrations of metals in peats have been frequently reported in the literature. One of the earliest reports is from Townsend (1845). He mentions a bog in western Ireland that contained sufficient copper to warrant mining; over 300 tons of copper were mined from the peat ash. The copper originated from small veins occurring in the surrounding rocks. Lovering (1927) reported on spongy masses of native copper in a peaty deposit near Cooke Montana. Forrester (1942) and Eckel (1949) have described copper bearing peats in Montana and Colorado.

Pyrrhotite and sphalerite deposition temperatures were determined in the ores of New Calumet Mine, Quebec. Forty-five pyrrhotite and fifty-two sphalerite determinations were made taken from various samples. Out of these, both geothermometers were used in 18 specimens. In most cases both values were reasonably close. Only four specimens showed greater difference for the two geothermometers than 56°C, the mean difference being 17°C. The temperature values for pyrrhotite range from 350° to 484°C, of that of sphalerite from 370° to 538°C. Using these values, isotherms were drawn throughout the orebodies based on the sphalerite data. The pyrrhotite values did not show any apparent systematic variation. The sphalerite isotherms coincide with the down-dip trend of the principal ore zones. No significant change in deposition temperatures is shown with depth. The thermal gradients are steepest laterally. "Hot spots" in the major ore zones may indicate channel-ways through which mineralizing solutions travelled.

This thesis is based on a detailed investigation into the distribution, mode of formation and original source of the sand and gravel deposits located in the vicinity of the four Monteregian hills (St. Bruno, St. Hilaire, Rougemont, Johnson) lying immediately to the east and south east of Montreal. Prior to this investigation no detailed work on the mode of formation and possible source of the gravels and sands had been carried out, although McGerrigle (1936) had mapped the distribution of the deposits on a scale of 1"-4 miles. In the Montreal area, Byers (1933) carried out a similar investigation laying particular stress on the mode of formation of the deposits rather than on the possible source of the sands and gravels.

The principal object of the present work has been to construct a calorimetric apparatus capable of accurate heat of solution determinations and adaptable to use on a wide variety of minerals. In addition, to demonstrate its application, it was proposed to use this apparatus to examine the effect of surface energy on the heat of solution of quartz. The heat of solution of a substance in a given solvent, is the heat evolved or absorbed when the substance is dissolved in that solvent.

The Munro "A" asbestos orebody is located in Munro Township, 13 miles east of Matheson in the district of Cochrane, Northern Ontario. Matheson is 206 miles by rail north of North Bay. It is also served by Highway #11 (Fergus on Highway), being 321 miles north of Toronto, and also by Highway #101, which will eventually run from Timmins, through Matheson, to the Quebec border. This road is metalled and in good condition from Matheson to the Munro Mine turn-off.

The Truro map-area, Colchester and Hants Counties, Nova Scotia, lies between latitudes 45° 15' and 45° 30' north and longitudes 63° 00' and 63° 30’ west. The area, which covers about 400 square miles, lies in the north central part of the province. The city of Truro, with a population slightly in excess of 12,000, is situated in the approximate centre of the map-sheet. Cobequid Bay, an eastward extension of the Bay of Fundy, divides the western half of the mapped area into north and south parts.

Geochemical methods in mineral exploration are devised to locate and pin-point zones containing more than normal amounts of the elements which result from the weathering and scattering of primary mineral deposits, minerals in wall rock and alteration zones. These geochemical "anomalies" are known as secondary dispersion patterns, the character of which depend upon the agent of dispersion, whether mechanical or physico-chemical, and the nature of the materials through which the process of dispersion takes place.

A large volume of literature has accumulated dealing with the problem of the limestone conglomerates of the Quebec Group. Most of the field work has been restricted to the vicinity of Quebec City, where the occurrence is not representative of the whole. The present investigation evaluates existing ideas on the origin of the conglomerate on the basis of field evidence collected mainly near Grosses Roches and also at Trois Pistoles. A new approach, the gravitational gliding hypothesis, is proposed. It is postulated that the limestone conglomerate formed as a beach talus below Lower Cambrian to Lower Ordovician limestone cliffs.

The existence of Baffin Island has been known for many years, but, since the time of the last world conflict, when its strategic importance became evident, increasing interest has been shown in its history and development. In this, no easy pattern can be followed, because of the many factors influencing the settlement of the Island. Its geographical location made it a resting place for explorers, and provided harbours for whaling fleets of earlier years. Trading posts were placed by the Hudson' s Bay Company at accessible points along the coast, and the Royal Canadian Mounted Police has, in recent years, established stations at four localities.