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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Earth and Planetary Science, 1982. / Microfiche copy available in Archives and Science. / Two maps and one illustration on 3 folded leaves in pocket. / Includes bibliographies. / by Brian Philip Wernicke. / Ph.D.

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Earth and Planetary Sciences, 1980. / MICROFICHE COPY AVAILABLE IN ARCHIVES AND LINDGREN. / 3 maps and 2 ill. inserted in pocket inside back cover. / Bibliography: leaves 182-189. / by Peter Lorentz Guth. / Ph.D.

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Uneconomic epithermal precious metal mineralization and associated alteration occur in the Tonopah Property, and are similar in style, although much less intense, to the deposits of the Tonopah camp two miles south. Mineralization is localized within a set of northwest-trending faults within the Tonopah, Mizpah, and King Tonopah Member of the Fraction-Tuff formations, and is associated with widespread propylitic and sparse fracture-localized potassic and argillic alteration. A younger set of Mn-calcite veins, anomalous in manganese, mercury, arsenic, and antimony, occurs in northeast-trending faults cutting older formations as well as the younger Tonopah Summit Member of the Fraction Tuff. This mineralization is possibly associated with silicification, zeolitization, and clay-alteration of the Fraction Tuff. The Tonopah Summit Member of the Fraction Tuff is reinterpreted as younger than the King Tonopah Member. Mega-breccia and basin morphology in the northeast may indicate an eruptive vent in this area.

Yucca Mountain was designated as the proposed high-level radioactive waste repository by the U.S. Government in 1987. The proposed repository design requires high safety for a long maintenance period of 10,000 years. To satisfy this requirement, evaluation of the influence of earthquakes on the repository is necessary. Prediction of earthquake-induced ground motions around the repository requires knowledge of the dynamic properties of the geologic materials around the repository. The main geologic materials in the vicinity of Yucca Mountain are tuffs (ignimbrites) which are formed by the deposition of volcanic ash mixed with erupted volcanic gas, water vapor and pyroclastic material. Two types of dynamic tests, (1) the free-free, unconfined, resonant column and direct arrival test (freefree URC test) and (2) the fixed-free resonant column and torsional shear test (fixed-free RCTS test), were used to measure the dynamic properties of tuffs. The emphasis in this dynamic testing was evaluation of shear modulus (G) and material damping ratio (D) of the tuffs in the small-strain (linear) and mildly nonlinear (to strains of about 0.02 %) ranges. To evaluate the influence of various parameters on G and D of tuffs, correlations with other features such as total unit weight, porosity and stratigraphic unit were performed and general relationships between them are proposed. In addition, an unconfined, slow-cyclic torsional shear (CTS) device was developed and used to measure the cyclic shear properties of the tuffs from Yucca Mountain at larger strain amplitudes than possible in the fixed-free RCTS tests. Additionally, the CTS device was also used to determine the shear failure strength of the tuffs. By combining the cyclic shear properties of the tuffs from the CTS tests and the dynamic properties of the tuffs from the fixed-free RCTS tests, complete dynamic property curves from small-strain to failure strain were evaluated. / text

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