This text is concerned with the intellectual and social alienation experienced by a twentieth century German writer (1906 - ).·the alienation begins in the context of German society, but this context is later globalised. The thesis first discusses the social and· intellectual origins and the salient features of this alienated stance, before proceeding to a detailed analysis of its recurring symptoms and later intensification in each of the author's main works, chronologically surveyed, supported by reference to minor writings. From the novels of the thirties' showing the burgher-artist conflict, and its symbolic dichotomies, the renunciation of traditional German values, and the ambiguous confrontation with new disruptive socio-political forces, we move to the post-war trilogy (1951-54), with its roots in the German social and political experience of the thirties' onwards. The latter, however, is merely a background for the presentation of a much more comprehensive view of the human condition:- a pessimistic vision of the repetitiveness and incorrigibility of this condition, the possibility of the apocalypse, the bankruptcy and ineffectiveness of European religion and culture, the 'absurd' meaninglessness of history, the intellectual artist's position and role(s) in mass-culture and an abstract, technologised mass-society, the central theme of fragmentation - of the structure of reality, society and personality, the artist's relation to this fragmentation, intensified in the twentieth,century. Style and language are consonant with this world-picture. Many of these features recur in the travel-books (1958-61); diachronic as well as synchronic approaches characterise the presentation of various modes of contemporary society in America, Russia, France and other European countries. Important features of intellectual alienation are:- the changelessness of historical motifs (e.g. tyranny, aggression), the conventions of burgher society, both old and new forms, the qualitative depreciation and standardisation of living, industrialisation and technology in complex, vulnerable and concemtrated urban societies, ambiguities of fragmented pluralism. Reference is made .to other travel-writers.

Despite the increasing popularity of research on intercultural preparation and its effectiveness, research on training for inpatriates has not been developed with the same level of rigour as research on training for expatriates. Furthermore, research on intercultural training hardly ever includes the aspect of preparing for the corporate culture of a company. For expatriates coming from headquarters’ national culture and equipped with a good knowledge of headquarters’ corporate culture, it might be sufficient to address only the national culture of the location abroad. But can the same be said for inpatriates coming from a foreign subsidiary? Therefore the qualitative research of my thesis was aimed at finding out if intercultural training programmes that address only the national culture of the host country are sufficient to prepare inpatriates for working at headquarters. A case study using a German multinational company has been conducted in order to find out what kind of problems and irritations inpatriates at the company’s headquarters perceive at work. In order to determine whether the findings are related to the national or the corporate culture, Hall’s and Hofstede’s approaches to culture were used. The interview analysis produced the following conclusion: Although the researched company promotes standardised worldwide corporate guidelines, there are many differences between headquarters and subsidiaries regarding the interpretation and realisation of these guidelines. These differences cause irritation, confusion and problems for the inpatriates. Therefore an effective intercultural preparation for inpatriates should be tailor-made and take into account the aspect of corporate culture, as well as the specific roles and functions of inpatriates.

Germany's latest attempt at unification raises again the question of German nationhood and nationality. The present study examines the links between the development of the German language and the political history of Germany, principally in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. By examining the role of language in the establishment and exercise of political power and in the creation of national and group solidarity in Germany, the study both provides insights into the nature of language as political action and contributes to the socio-cultural history of the German language. The language-theoretical hypothesis on which the study is based sees language as a central factor in political action, and opposes the notion that language is a reflection of underlying political 'realities' which exist independently of language. Language is viewed as language-in-text which performs identifiable functions. Following Leech, five functions are distinguished, two of which (the regulative and the phatic) are regarded as central to political processes. The phatic function is tested against the role of the German language as a creator and symbol of national identity, with particular attention being paid to concepts of the 'purity' of the language. The regulative function (under which a persuasive function is also subsumed) is illustrated using the examples of German fascist discourse and selected cases from German history post-1945. In addition, the interactions are examined between language change and socio-economic change by postulating that language change is both a condition and consequence of socio-economic change, in that socio-economic change both requires and conditions changes in the communicative environment. Finally, three politocolinguistic case studies from the eight and ninth decades of the twentieth century are introduced in order to demonstrate specific ways in which language has been deployed in an attempt to create political realities, thus verifying the initial hypothesis of the centrality of language to the political process.

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Studies concerning the development of the piano trio primarily cultivate analyses of the musical structures found in this genre. Few of these studies deal in depth with the socio-historical aspect of the development of the piano trio. Such a neglected process can only lead to the loss of valuable information. It is important to pay careful attention to our ever-changing environment and how this phenomenon impacts upon music. The study of the development of the early piano trio (because of the social nature of chamber music) requires greater attention to the social history associated with this genre. This development can be traced as an integral part of the Germanic culture, more specifically that of eighteenth century Germany and Austria. Both societies' love for the piano led to the full blossoming of the piano trio. The question arises: to which degree did the early development of the piano and the changing society- as it mostly appeared during the eighteenth century in Germany and Austria- have an impact on the development of the early piano trio? This hypothesis holds that the development of the early piano trio depended (among other aspects) on the early development of the piano and the changing society of eighteenth century Germany and Austria. Thus, a mutual connection exists between all three factors. / Thesis (M.Mus.)--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2011

Studies concerning the development of the piano trio primarily cultivate analyses of the musical structures found in this genre. Few of these studies deal in depth with the socio-historical aspect of the development of the piano trio. Such a neglected process can only lead to the loss of valuable information. It is important to pay careful attention to our ever-changing environment and how this phenomenon impacts upon music. The study of the development of the early piano trio (because of the social nature of chamber music) requires greater attention to the social history associated with this genre. This development can be traced as an integral part of the Germanic culture, more specifically that of eighteenth century Germany and Austria. Both societies' love for the piano led to the full blossoming of the piano trio. The question arises: to which degree did the early development of the piano and the changing society- as it mostly appeared during the eighteenth century in Germany and Austria- have an impact on the development of the early piano trio? This hypothesis holds that the development of the early piano trio depended (among other aspects) on the early development of the piano and the changing society of eighteenth century Germany and Austria. Thus, a mutual connection exists between all three factors. / Thesis (M.Mus.)--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2011

Title Opinions of a German about the value-shifts in the society after the Second World War. Interpretation of the novel "Clown" by Heinrich Böll and its film adaptation Abstract This diploma thesis deals with the novel The Clown (1963) by an important representative of the German post-war literature Heinrich Böll and its film adaptation (1974) of the same name by a Czech director Vojtěch Jasný. The first part of the thesis presents author's life, literary work as well as the roots of his broadly humanistic view of life, which are closely interlinked with his strong Christian belief and his personal value system. The main target of the thesis is a thorough interpretation of the novel, in which author's critical viewpoint on the socio-cultural development of the post-war German society is very strongly reflected. The author's sharp satirical tone in this novel and the very evident anticlericalism are being looked at and explored in terms of the biblical motto of the novel and its main message. The aim of the final chapter is to point out the main differences between the novel and the film adaptation. Key words Heinrich Böll, value-shifts, the German society after the Second World War, Catholicism

This thesis looks at a number of Jakob Wassermann’s novels and the ways in which society is depicted in them. Seen as a whole, Wassermann’s oeuvre can therefore be understood as an attempt to portray (mostly) German society at different historical stages. The periods in question are Biedermeier Germany, the Wilhelmine era, the years of the Great War and finally the Weimar Republic, the depiction of all of which reveal Wassermann as a fierce critic of his time. In addition to this interest in society, this thesis will examine Wassermann’s concern with various outsider figures which complement his portrayals of society. The outsider figures Wassermann seems to be mostly interested in are the Jew, the woman, the child and the homosexual man. However, Wassermann is not just interested in these outsiders on their own but also draws extensive parallels between the various forms of exclusion they experience in a society dominated by the Gentile man or, as in the case of the child, by the adult. These parallels have proven to be revelatory and have led to new insights into Wassermann’s works. The dynamic of the outsider vs. society is, however, in many ways no longer applicable to those novels written during and after the Great War. Instead Wassermann now combines his interest in the figure of the outsider with an interest in the depiction of character. At the same time character becomes a mirror not only for the society Wassermann portrays in his writing but also for the society he lived in. This makes for an altogether more complex but also more intriguing structure of his later writing. This thesis will examine how all these different elements when combined offer new ways of looking at Wassermann’s writing.

Dieser Tagungsband enthält die Beiträge aller Vorträge und Posterpräsentationen des 14. Symposiums der Sektion Sportinformatik und Sporttechnologie der Deutschen Vereinigung für Sportwissenschaft (dvs) an der Technischen Universität Chemnitz (29.-30. September 2022). Mit dem Ziel, das Forschungsfeld der Sportinformatik und Sporttechnologie voranzubringen, wurden knapp 20 vierseitige Beiträge eingereicht und in den Sessions Informations- und Feedbacksysteme im Sport, Digitale Bewegung: Datenerfassung, Analyse und Algorithmen sowie Sportgeräteentwicklung: Materialien, Konstruktion, Tests vorgestellt. / This conference volume contains the contributions of all oral and poster presentations of the 14th Symposium of the Section Sport Informatics and Engineering of the German Association for Sport Science (dvs) at Chemnitz University of Technology (September 29-30, 2022). With the goal of advancing the research field of sports informatics and sports technology, nearly 20 four-page papers were submitted and presented in the sessions Information and Feedback Systems in Sport, Digital Movement: Data Acquisition, Analysis and Algorithms, and Sports Equipment Development: Materials, Construction, Testing.